Page:The three colonies of Australia.djvu/337

(197,168) is as follows:—To every individual 37 sheep, six and a half horned cattle, two-thirds of a horse, and one third of a pig.

It is probable that the community of New South Wales is, in proportion to the number of its population, the largest meat-consuming one in the world; certainly it is the largest consuming community of beef and mutton, as there is little fish, and scarcely any game.

The pastoral pursuits of the colony afford an export very nearly amounting to £6 per head for every man, woman, or child in the colony.

AGRICULTURE.

Let us first compare the operations of the last two years:—

LAND IN CULTIVATION.

	1850	1851
Wheat, acres	70,720	82,110	11,390	Inc.
Maize, {{{1}}}„	23,170	25,017	1,847	{{{1}}}„
Barley, {{{1}}}„	7,576	6,725	851	Dec.
Oats, {{{1}}}„	2,717	2,470	247	{{{1}}}„
Rye, {{{1}}}„	293	245	48	{{{1}}}„
Millet, {{{1}}}„	42	54	12	Inc.
Potatoes, {{{1}}}„	4,236	4,079	157	Dec.
Tobacco, {{{1}}}„	510	731	221	Inc.
Sown for hay	35,383	30,626	4,757	Dec.
Totals	144,647	152,057	7,410	Inc.

Notwithstanding the gold-excitement year, agricultural operations in the main staples of subsistence considerably increased on the previous year. The breadth of land under cultivation for wheat shows an increase exceeding sixteen per cent.; for maize, about eight per cent.; for tobacco, more than forty-three per cent.; while the total under cultivation shows an increase of more than five per cent.

We have next to compare the quantities of

PRODUCE.

	1850	1851
Wheat, bush.	921,582	1,407,465	485,883	Inc.
Maize, {{{1}}}„	457,102	717,053	259,951	{{{1}}}„
Barley, {{{1}}}„	124,625	133,944	9,319	{{{1}}}„
Oats, {{{1}}}„	53,313	49,069	4,244	Dec.
Potatoes, tons	9,400	13,644	4,244	Inc.
Tobacco, cwts.	4,923	12,530	7,607	{{{1}}}„
Hay, tons	44,762	36,605	8,157	Dec.

Of wheat an increase approaching 500,000 bushels, or upwards of fifty per cent.; of maize, nearly 260,000 bushels, or about fifty-seven per cent.; of barley, more than 9,000 bushels, or upwards of seven per cent.; of potatoes, more than 4,000 tons, or forty-five per cent.; and