this occurred lately to an amateur astronomer who was looking at an eclipse of the sun. He unfortunately used a glass that was not sufficiently smoked, and the image of the sun's disc, with the black space caused by the intervening moon, remained on his retina for months after. This gentleman's case afforded an instance of the necessity of attention in order to see any object, for after the first few days he only became sensible of his unfortunate mishap when his attention was called to it by some accidental circumstance. These facts were so inexplicable to Locke, that he consulted Newton on the subject, and was surprised to learn that the great philosopher himself had suffered for several months from a sun-spectrum in the eye.
Without affirming that optical illusions are the cause of all the supposed supernatural appearances of which we have heard so much, there is no doubt that in many instances the eye plays an important part in deluding the brain. The following example, also cited by Beyle, will show this clearly. A horseman dressed in black, and riding a white horse, was trotting along a portion of the road, which through a sudden break in the clouds was brilliantly illuminated by the rays of the sun. The black figure of the man was projected against a white cloud, and the horse appeared doubly brilliant from being seen against the dark-coloured road. A person who was greatly interested in the arrival of the horseman was watching them with great attention, when suddenly the horse and his rider disappeared behind a wood. An instant after the observer was terrified at seeing a white cavalier on a black horse projected on a white cloud at which he was accidentally looking. It may be readily imagined that such an occurrence, followed up by a succession of unusual events,—such as illness, death, or any other series of misfortunes,—might even in the present day add a chapter to the history of the marvellous.
