wall is covered on both sides with a clay-coating, 0,001 mm. thick. It is highly probable that the brick wall of the second city was built throughout in a similar manner; but this is certainly the first example ever found of a citadel-wall having been erected of crude bricks and having been baked in situ.
The reason why the great brick-wall on the east side has a substruction of stones, only 1 m. or 1.50 m. high, is because no high substruction-wall was needed here, on account of the abrupt slope which served in its stead; besides, the foot of the brick-wall here was exactly on a level with the upper part of the stone substruction-walls on the other sides of the Acropolis.
When the whole wall of the Acropolis was still entire, and when the gigantic substruction-wall was still surmounted by the brick-wall crowned with numerous towers, it must have had a very imposing aspect, particularly on the high north side which faces the Hellespont; and this may have induced the Trojans to ascribe its construction to Poseidon,[1] or to Poseidon and Apollo.[2]
But the legend that the walls of Troy were built by Poseidon may have a much deeper meaning, for, as Mr. Gladstone has ingeniously proved,[3] a connection with Poseidon frequently denotes Phoenician associations; and further, as Karl Victor Müllenhoff has proved in his Deutsche Altertumskunde,[4] Herakles is the representative of the Phoenicians, and the tradition of his expedition to Ilium[5] may point to an early conquest and destruction of the city by the Phoenicians, just as the building of Troy's
- ↑ Il. XXI. 435–446.
- ↑ Il. VII. 452, 453.
- ↑ See his Preface to my Mycenæ, pp. viii, and xxiv., and his Homeric Synchronism, pp. 42, 43, 177.
- ↑ W. Christ, Die Topographie der Troianischen Ebene, p. 225.
- ↑ Il. V. 640–642:
ὃς (Ἡρακλῆν) πότε δεῦρ᾽ ἐλθὼν ἕνεχ᾽ ἵππων Λαυμέδοντοςτξ οἵυςε σὺν νηνσὶ καὶ ἀνδράσι παυρυτέροισινἸΑίον ἐξαλάπαξε πύλιν, χήρωσε δ᾽ ἀγυιάς,
