people of the Aeolic Ilium, for they laid the earthen pipe high above it, on the earth in which the Cyclopean water-conduit lay hidden, and in this way the water of the three springs must for ages have flowed out into the large washbasins built of bricks and lime, and therefore of the Roman time, which we brought to light just in front of the entrance, and which prove that the inhabitants of Ilium continued to fetch water and to wash their clothes here. As soon as the springs and the conduit had been cleared, they gave again good potable water.
Supposing now these springs did not exist, and we were asked to indicate the place best suited for the situation of the two Trojan springs flowing into the Scamander, with the stone wash-basins, in which the women of Troy used to wash their clothes, and where the single combat between Hector and Achilles took place,[1] we should certainly indicate this precise spot, because it answers in all its details to the Homeric description. In fact, the cavern with the three springs is in the great plain, on the west side of the lower city of Troy, immediately outside the city-wall, and a little to the south of the depression of the ground between the Acropolis and the lower city, in which the road now leads up to Chiblak, and in which the road to the city and the Acropolis, and consequently also the Scaean Gate, must always have been situated. It is further, as above mentioned, very close to the Acropolis (about 300 yards), so that a person on the wall could see what was going on at the springs, and even call to a man standing by them. Besides, these springs fulfil the indispensable condition of being close to the road (ἀμαξιτός)[2] which led from the Scaean Gate, for the ancient road must necessarily have been about in the same situation as the present road, the position of which is detei-
