| United States Patent Office.
James Harris Rogers of Hyattsville, Maryland. Radiosignaling System. | ||
| No. 1,303,730. | Patented May 13, 1918. | |
| Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed January 11, 1919. Serial No. 270,669. | ||
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, James Harris Rogers, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hyattsville, in the county of Prince 5Georges and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Radiosignaling Systems, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to radio signaling 10systems and apparatus for sending and receiving signals through space by means of electromagnetic waves, and it relates particularly to that portion of such systems known as the antenna.
15I have discovered that radio conductors or antennae are highly efficient when disposed horizontally or substantially parallel to the surface of the earth but completely insulated therefrom and inclosed in an 20inclosing metallic covering, screen or casing practically throughout their entire length, but insulated therefrom. The metallic covering thus inclosing the antenna, but from which the latter is insulated, takes up the 25electromagnetic waves, in receiving, and transmits them to the antenna within at full strength and even with greater effect than when the antenna is used without the covering. A highly efficient action is thus 30obtained, the static is reduced, and at the same time the antenna is fully protected from deterioration by the corroding action of earth and water.
In such a system it has been found 35necessary, in order to obtain the best results, to employ radio conductors and casings of very considerable length, that is, 250 feet, 500 feet, 1,000 feet, or even 5,000 feet or more in length. With the use of such long 40conductors and casings, however, it is found that the static increases in proportion to the length, that is as the length of conductor and casing increases, the static increases in about the same proportion, and this increase 45in the static prevents obtaining the best results.
Now, it is the object of the present invention to reduce the proportion which the static bears to the length of the radio conductor50 employed. A further object is to render possible the employment of longer conductors or antennæ in proportion to the incoming wave length.
In carrying the invention into effect the metallic covering, screen or casing of the55 radio conductor or antenna is made sectional, the sections being insulated from each other by rubber hose, such as garden hose, or equivalent.
The invention consists in the novel 60construction and arrangement of apparatus and parts thereof for sending and receiving radio signals hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which drawings—65
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the antenna buried beneath the surface of the earth, receiving instruments being associated with the antenna;
Fig. 1b shows a conventional arrangement70 of sending instruments which may be substituted for the receiving instruments for transmitting signals, it being understood that either the sending or receiving instruments shown in Fig. 1 are to be used in75 connection with the arrangements shown in the remaining figures;
Fig. 1b is a longitudinal section of one of the couplings or section connections, shown on an enlarged scale;80
Fig. 1c is a transverse section taken on the line c—c of Fig. 1b;
Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing two antennae extending in opposite directions beneath the surface of the earth, the85 connection for signaling instruments being located between the antennae and also beneath surface of the earth;
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the antenna resting upon the surface of90 the earth with the signal instruments upon or above the surface;
Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but showing the antennae supported above the surface of the earth but in close proximity thereto;96
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 in which the antennae are shown submerged in water.
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modification.
Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates100 the signal instruments, which in Fig. 1 are those for receiving signals, while in Fig. 1a the instruments for sending signals are shown. In Fig. 1, 11 is a detector of any type, preferably an audion, 12 a telephone,105 and 13 and 14 the usual condensers. Any