A HISTORY OF ESSEX ploughs on the demesne; now I. Then as now (semper) I plough belonging to the men. (There is) pasture for 20 sheep. (There are) I rouncey (runcinus), 4 beasts (anima/ia), (and) too sheep. It was then worth 4 pounds ; now 6. This land was given to the church by I thegn when he went with Harold to York to the battle (ad helium in Eurewic). to. ijb VII. THE LANDS OF THE BISHOP OF DURHAM IN ESSEX (EXSESSA) HALF HUNDRET OF WALTHAM WALHAM [Waltham (Abbey)] was held by Harold in King Edward's time as i manor and (as) 40 hides. Then as now (semper) 80 villeins and 24 bordars. Then 6 serfs ; now 7. Then 7 ploughs on the demesne ; now 6. Then as now (semper) 37 ploughs belonging to the men. Wood(land) for 2,200 swine, (and) 80 acres of meadow. There are 2 rounceys (runcini), 20 beasts (ammalia 80 sheep, 12 goats, (and) 40 swine. There is pasture there which is worth 18 shillings. Then I mill; now 3. (There are) 5 fisheries (piscina). And (there were) then 20 rent-paying tenants (censarii) ; now 36. And I plough more could be employed on the manor. 1 To this manor belong (adjacent) 2 sokemen, who held (tenentes) 6 hides in King Edward's time, (and) now 5 ; half of the sixth hide is held by (the abbey of) the Holy Cross, and the other half (partem) was taken by William de War[enne]. And (there belong) 4 sokemen with (de) 2 hides and half a virgate ; and there also be- longed to this manor I hide less 15 acres which was taken by the same William. 8 And Ranulf brother of Ilger has taken 30 acres of land and 4 of meadow. 8 All those sokemen who are there now have between them 7 hides and 1 5 acres ; * and they used to have on their demesne in King Edward's time 4 ploughs ; now 4^ ; and (there was) then as now (semper) I villein ; then 6 bordars, and 1 ' i car[uca] potest in manerio restaurari.' That is to say, the ' stock ' used to include one more plough(team), which might be replaced. 8 The lands thus seized do not appear under William's fief. 8 This is entered, under RanulPs fief, as ' I virgate of land,' which the Hundred charged him with having taken from Waltham and added to his manors of Nazing and Epping. 4 This is the sum of the 5 hides entered as held by 2 sokemen and the z hides and half a virgate entered as held by 4 sokemen. Thus here, as in the preceding note, the ' virgate ' is treated as the equivalent of ' 30 acres,' the appurtenant meadow in both cases being reckoned separately. (now) 8 ; then 2 serfs, and now none ; wood(land) for 182 swine; 16^ acres of meadow, and 4 acres of pasture. From all this Harold used to have in King Edward's time 36 pounds ; and the bishop's men ap- praise it at 63 pounds and 5 shillings and 4 pence. But now, as (the) other men of the Hundret testify, it is worth 100 pounds. And in London (Londonite) there belong to the manor 12 houses which render 20 shil- lings, and one gate which the king gave to the predecessor of the bishop and which also renders 20 shillings. VIII. THE LANDS OF THE CANONS OF THE HOLY CROSS OF WALTHAM HUNDRET OF WALTHAM EPINGA [Epping] is held by the Holy Cross as a manor and (as) 2 hides and 1 5 acres. Then as now (semper) i-J ploughs on the demesne, and 2 bordars, and 2 serfs. Wood- (land) for 50 swine, (and) 3 acres of meadow. (There are) 10 beasts (animalia), I rouncey fo. 16 (runcinus), 20 swine, 20 sheep, (and) 8 goats. And it is worth 15 shillings. NASINGA [Nazing] is held now as then (semper) by the Holy Cross as 5 hides. Then I plough on the demesne ; now i^. Then I plough belonging to the men ; now i. Then as now (semper) 5 villeins. Now 2 bordars. Then 2 serfs ; now none. Wood- (land) for 50 swine, (and) 13 acres of meadow. (There is) a moiety of a fishery. (There are) I rouncey (runcinus), 4 beasts (animalia), 10 swine, (and) 1 5 sheep. It was then worth 40 shillings ; now 60. HUNDRET OF BEVENTREU [BECONTREE] WDEFORT [Woodford] is held now as then (semper) by the Holy Cross in King Edward's time (sic) as 5 hides. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne. Then 1 3 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 7. Then as now (semper) 1 3 villeins. Then 4 bordars ; now 7. Then 4 serfs ; now none. Wood- (land) for 500 swine, and 26 acres of meadow. Then i mill ; now none. Then i beast (animal) ; now 6. (There are) 10O sheep, 50 swine, (and) 40 goats. Then as now (semper) it was worth 100 shillings. LOCHINTUNA [Loughton] is held now as then (semper) by the Holy Cross as a manor and (as) 4 hides and 20 acres. Then 2 446
