A HISTORY OF ESSEX Edward's time, is held by R[anulf] in de- mesne. Then 3 ploughs on the demesne ; afterwards 2 ; now 3. Then as now (sem- per) 3 ploughs belonging to the men. Then and afterwards 7 villeins ; now 6. Then and afterwards I bordar ; now 9. Then as now (semper) 4 serfs. (There is) wood(land) for 1 6 swine, (and) 22 acres of meadow. Then fo.Si 15 beasts (animalia), and 50 swine, and 80 sheep and I3, 1 and 25 goats ; now 4 beasts, and 10 swine, and 55 sheep, and 2 rounceys. Then and afterwards it was worth 8 pounds ; now 9. BABITERNA [Bapthorne *], which was held by Inguar' 8 as a manor and as 2 hides in King Edward's time, is held by R[anulf] in de- mesne. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne, and 4 ploughs belonging to the men, and 6 villeins. (There are) now 7 bor- dars. Then and afterwards 2 serfs ; now 3. (There are) 31 acres of meadow, (with) I mill now as then (semper). Then and after- wards it was worth 7 pounds ; now 8. To these two manors 3 belong now as then (adja- cent semper) 2 sokemen with (de) 5 acres. GELDHAM [Yeldham *], which was held by a free man as a manor and as half a hide in King Edward's time, is held of R[anulf] by Walter. Then i plough ; afterwards none ; now I . (There are) 9 acres of meadow. (There was) then no live stock (nicbil) ; now 2 beasts (animalia), and I rouncey (runcinus and 30 sheep, and 2 swine. It is worth 20 shillings. HuNDRET OF WlTBRICTESHERNA [DfiNGIE] NIWELANDA [Newland 6 ], which was held by Ingwar' 8 as a manor and as i ^ hides and 35 acres in King Edward's time, is held of Rfanulf] by W[ ]. (There are) now 4 bordars. Then as now (semper) i serf, and i plough on the demesne. It was then worth 20 shillings ; afterwards and now 30. And (there are) "j acres which are held by I free man and are worth 7 pence. BUBINGEORDA [Bobbingworth 6 ], which was held by 2 free men as i hide and 30 1 i.e. 93 sheep (unless by the 'long score'). 8 A manor in Birdbrook, now ' Baythorne.' 3 i.e. Birdbrook and Bapthorne.
- The identity of this holding is doubtful.
6 Apparently East Newland in St. Lawrence. 6 In Ongar Hundred. The scribe has omitted the Hundredal heading. acres in King Edward's time, is held of R[anulf] by Richard. Then i bordar ; now 2. Then 4 serfs ; now 2. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne; afterwards and now i. (There is) wood(land) for 80 swine, (and) 4 acres of meadow. Then as now (semper) i cow, and 3 swine, and 107 sheep. It was then worth 40 shillings ; now 60. HUNDRET OF CELMERESFORT [CHELMSFORD] GINGA [Mountnessing ? 7 ], which was held by Ingwara 8 as a manor and as 9 hides, is held by R[anulf] in demesne. Then 18 villeins ; now 1 6. Then 8 bordars ; now 20. Then 5 serfs ; now 7. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i. Then 12 ploughs among the men ; now 9. (There is) wood(land) for 700 swine. (There are) now 7 beasts (animalia), and 60 sheep. It was then worth 8 pounds ; now 10. And 1 free man holds 20 acres, and (this) is worth 3 shillings. There also (in eadem) William de Bosc holds 2 hides and 26 acres of R[anulf] and has (it) by exchange (in suo escangio) ; g (this) was held by Alfega and Algar in King Edward's time ; (there are) now 3 bordars ; then 2 serfs ; now I ; then fo. 8ib 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i ; there is wood(land) for 60 swine, and pasture for 100 sheep ; (this) is worth 40 shillings. 10 CUBRIGEA [Cowbridge u ], which was held by Alwin as a manor and as half a hide and 61 acres, is held of R[anulfJ by William. And half a plough can be (employed there 12 ). (There is) I acre of meadow, 13 (and) wood- (land) for 2O swine. It is worth 10 shillings. 7 This is Morant's identification, but there seems to be no other ground for it than that Cowbridge is in Mountnessing. On the other hand there does not seem to be anything against it. 8 See Introduction, p. 352. 9 The probable meaning of this is that Ranulf himself obtained it by exchange. 10 The total assessment in hides recorded in this and the two entries which follow is very large, but Mountnessing is a parish of more than 4,000 acres. The absence of meadow is very strange, as the river Wid flows through it, and the ' pasture for sheep ' is one of the very few instances of such a phrase in the survey of an inland parish. 11 A manor in Mountnessing, now represented by two farms. 18 This is a rare phrase in the Essex survey and implies that the half plough (team) was not there in 1086. 13 The scarcity of meadow should be observed. 540
