EARLY MAN possibly associated with the tumuli of the place, were found a flanged bronze palstave and flat ring about 2 in. in diameter (Plate IV. Nos. 4, 5). Unfortu- nately the evidence concerning this find is not clear. On accepted theory, the palstave should belong almost to a second phase of the Bronze Age, and it is an object rarely found in funerary deposits : a bronze socketed celt with chevron ornamentation (Plate IV. No. 6) found in the same vicinity seems to indicate a continuous Bronze Age population in the locality. Not more than a mile from Winwick, at Kenyon, there have been found other funerary mounds apparently of this same age. One of the most recently discovered was disturbed in making a diversion of a road, but a description of the tumulus and its contents has been skilfully rescued.^ The mound was about 3 3 ft. in diameter and 3 ft. 6 in. in height, of the form shown in the annexed section (fig. 25). Portions of two urns were recovered. On one of these ' the outside surface of the lower portion for a depth of 3 in. is plain. An equal width above this is ornamented with small triangular indentations and short incised lines, forming chevrons in encircling rows. The upper portion is divided by three angular cordons into two hollow grooves, the lower of which is evenly marked with incised chevrons, and the upper one filled with a zig-zag moulding, dotted over with similar triangles and chevrons. The top of the everted rim is likewise covered with chevron markings in PORTION URNN9I 0FURHN92 nORTH «> «» Fig. 25. — Section of a Bronze Age Tumulus at Winwick. three rows.' Nearly eighty years ago fragments of an urn were found in the same vicinity decorated with 'large triangular or lozenge-shaped grating, marked with incised lines,' and with the urn a bronze pin or small implement with a flat tang. Further north, at Bolton, a tumulus was opened about a quarter of a mile south-east from Bolton parish church. It proved to be a Bronze Age 'barrow, about 30ft. in diameter and 4ft. deep, made of small boulders. About the centre was a cist urn, 4 ft. 6 in. long by 1 2 in. deep, of four up- right stones and a coverer, lying nearly north and south. The skeleton lay in a contracted attitude, with head to the north. Near to the head lay an incense cup 4! in. by 3! in. high, and a bronze spear-head 4f in. long by i§ in. broad.' The bowl was in excellent condition, with three rows of pattern incised, of which the first and third were adjoining triangles of parallel lines enclosed, with the interstices marked with lines in the complementary direc- tion ; the second tier has a deviation of vertical dotted lines. The bronze implement is a knife or knife-dagger, apparently with two sharp edges, having three rivet holes at the base for affixing it to its handle.* The vicinity bears other traces of burials, not only in tumuli which are preserved or recorded, as that at Walmsley, which contained a skeleton, urn, and flint celt, but in the 1 Lane, and Ches. Ant. Soc. xxi. (1904). Thos. May, Notes on a Bronze Age Barrow. 2 Hist. Soc. Lane, and Ches. Iv. p. 132. I 241 31
