INSECTS destructive to the wheat crops. The Siricdidae or horntails, which used to be considered distinct from the Tenthredinidae, have recently been placed here, and are well-represented in Suffolk. Of this small family, Xiphydrta prolongata has occurred in some numbers to me at Mildenhall in one oak post, and the handsome Sirex gigas occasionally appears throughout the county,'^ and was found in Ipswich in 1903 ; S. noctilio is of much less frequent observation, and is only recorded from Tostock, Bury, Great Glemham,and Battisford. The large and handsome Cimbicina are but poorly worked in the county at present ; Cimbex sylvarum used to be common at Lound in Paget's time, and C. femorata has only once been found, by the late Mr. E. G. J. Sparke, who dug up the cocoon near Bury St. Edmund's ; there is also but one example of C. lutea, which was taken at Bury many years ago by the Rev. A. H. Wratislaw. In August 1 904 I beat a larva of C connata from alder in Freston Wood. Trichiosoma lucorum was found feeding on birch by Paget ; but T. tibialis is quite common on whitethorn at Sudbury, Debenham, and about Ipswich, being often destroyed by Cryptus cimbicis ; and I took T. silvatica in the Bentley Woods in 1895. Of the Hylotomae, H. coeruUscens has occurred to Tuck near Lowestoft, H. ustulata is often common though very local, H. cyanocrocea is rare at Tostock, Wherstead, and Ipswich, and I have turned up H.fuscipes in Assington Thicks in May. Ahia uricea is much commoner with us than the usually more widely distributed A.fasciata, which only lives in the Bentley Woods; and fifty years ago the Rev. E. N. Bloomfield found a Lophyrus, which was probably pini, defoliating the fir-trees at Easton. Larvae of Argerosae are very destructive to rose-trees ; I took them at Tuddenham in 1906. Turning to the Nematina, we find Hemichroa crocea in the Brandon and Freston marshes, and H. alni at Bentley and Lackford Bridge, while Dineura nigricans is common in the Bentley Woods and in Assington Thicks ; D. stylata has turned up at Brandon, and Mesoneura verna at Belstead in May. Priophorus padi, Cladius pectinicornis, and Trichocampus viminalis are abundant ; T. ulmi extends from Ipswich to Tostock and from Leiston to Lowestoft, and Priophorus tristis is found at Bent- ley. Mr. Norgate has discovered Croesus septentrionalis in north Suffolk, and it would appear, from the old records of Curtis, Paget, and Westwood, to have been widely distributed at that time ; I took it at Brandon in 1906, but it is certainly rare there, occurring in August. Fifty species of the now sub-divided genus Nematus have been noticed : — Micronematus monogyniae is found in the Bentley Woods, Phyllotoma vagans at Brandon, Lygaeonematus compressicornis in Barnby Broad, and Crypto- campus saliceti is quite common. Pristiphora shows P. fulvipes and ruficomis at ^ramforA, fietcheri at Ipswich, Felixstowe, and Sudbury, pallidiventris and westoni common in Tuddenham Fen, subbifida at Aldeburgh, and P. pallidipes in the Reydon alder carr. Nematus, as now restricted, contains only five Suffolcian kinds : N. crassus once at Tuddenham, aurantiacus by Tuck at Bungay, acuminatus in the Bentley Woods, luteus rarely at Brandon, and N. consobrinus at Ipswich in 1893. Of Pteronus we have a dozen species, the Ipswich district contributing P. virescens, curtispina, bergmanni, hortensis, croceus, and pavidus ; the gooseberry pest, P. ribesii, appears much less prevalent here than in most places, though it is recorded from six or seven parishes ; P. myosotidis is everywhere abundant, P. oligospilus has been found at Tuddenham and Ipswich, P. brevivalvis at Foxhall, P. melanaspis rarely at Henstead marsh and Bentley Woods, and once I found males of P. polyspilus common at Brandon. Pachynematus adds P. vagus and trisignatus commonly, P. einersbergensis, clitellatus and turgidus at Barnby Broad, P. albipennis zxl^svf'ich, P. apicalis and xanthocarpus in the Bentley Woods, P. obductus at Tuddenham, and P. rumicis at both Dunwich and the Reydon alder carr in June. Holcocneme lucidus is fairly common, but H, caeruleocarpus has only been taken by Tuck at Tostock. The willow-feeding Pontaniae are P. salicis and leucosticta, which are both common, P. salicis-cinereae at Tuddenham, P. gallicola at Ipswich, P. hipartita at Walberswick and Dunwich, and P. viminalis in the Reydon alder carr. The last of these sub-genera is Amauronematus, which includes A. viduatus from Brandon and Tuddenham, A. vittatus from the latter locality, and A.fallax taken by me at Ipswich in 1895 and in Tuddenham Fen in 1907. The pretty Eriocampa ovata is recorded plentifully from Lowestoft, E. annulipes has been found at Brandon, E. varipcs at Walberswick and in the Bentley Woods, E. testaceipes at Tostock, and the destructive E. Umacina is fortunately rare, as also would appear to be the rose pest, E. aethiops which I have only seen in the Bawdsey marshes. Suffolk can claim many of the Blennocampae, of which B. tenuicornis and aterrima, with Monophadnus geniculatus, have only occurred at Ipswich, M. albipes at Foxhall and in Tuddenham Fen, B. melanocephalus in the Bentley Woods, and Pareophora nigripes only at Lavenham and Foxhall in May. Scolioneura vicina, S. nana, and S. betulaeti are beaten from birch in woods in September, May, and June respectively ; Blennocampa alternipes and assimilis at Bramford, B. pusilla at Bungay and Assington, while Tomostethus luteiventris, dubius, ^nA fuHginosus are all widely distributed. Hoplocampa ferruginea and crataegi are frequent in hedges, H. pectoralis has occurred to me at Barton Mills, and H. rutilicornis in the Bentley Woods, where " Ent. Mo. Mag. 1899, p. 190. ^ Ibid. 1898, p. 213. " Ibid. 1905, p. 214. " Proc. Ent. Soc. 1 840, p. v. " Ent. Ann. I 864, p. I I 2. I 121 16
