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Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting the Black and Aegean Seas.
Works
[edit]- Athens Declaration of the 1st Congress of the European Left Party in Athens, 2005 (2005)
- Cliff Castles and Cave Dwellings of Europe (1911) by Sabine Baring-Gould (transcription project)
- Convention on the Grant of European Patents (1973)
- European Charter of Municipal Liberties (1953)
- The European Concert in the Eastern Question (1885), edited by Thomas Erskine Holland
- Lectures on Modern History (1906) by John Acton
- The New Europe (The Slav Standpoint) (1918) by Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
- The Normans in European History (1915) by Charles Homer Haskins (transcription project)
Encyclopedia articles
[edit]- The New Student's Reference Work/North Cape
- The New Student's Reference Work/Northmen
- The New Student's Reference Work/The Balkans and the Peace of Europe
Topics related to Europe
[edit]Countries in Europe
[edit]Current
[edit]
Albania
Andorra
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia (country)
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Malta
Moldova
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Vatican City
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Historical
[edit]
Aach, Baden-Württemberg
Free Imperial City of Aachen- Aalen
- Aarberg
- County of Aarberg
- County of Flanders
- Abbasid Caliphate
- Achaean League
- County of Adendorf
- Italian Islands of the Aegean
- Alamannia
- Alania
- Republic of Alba
- People's Socialist Republic of Albania
- Albanian principalities
- Lordship of Albarracín
- Alempois
- Kingdom of the Algarve
- All Saints' Abbey (Switzerland)
- Alsace-Lorraine
- Golden Ambrosian Republic
- An der Etsch
- Principality of Anhalt
- Duchy of Anhalt
- Principality of Anhalt-Aschersleben
- Anhalt-Bernburg
- Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
- Anhalt-Dessau
- Principality of Anhalt-Dornburg
- Anhalt-Harzgerode
- Anhalt-Köthen
- Principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau
- Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst
- Lordship of Anholt
- Anjou
- Government of the Grand National Assembly
- Principality of Ansbach
- Antigonid dynasty
- Appenzell
- County of Apulia
- Patria del Friuli
- Duchy of Aquitaine
- Crown of Aragon
- Kingdom of Aragon
- Arenberg
- Kingdom of Arles
- General Command of the Armed Forces of South Russia
- First Republic of Armenia
- Bagratid Armenia
- Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Arthania
- Principality of Aschaffenburg
- Astrakhan Khanate
- Sovereign Council of Asturias and León
- Kingdom of Asturias
- Classical Athens
- Atropatene
- Principality of Auersperg
Augsburg- Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg
- Austrasia
- Austrian Empire
- Austria-Hungary
- Duchy of Austria
- Archduchy of Austria
- Habsburg Monarchy
- First Austrian Republic
- Federal State of Austria
- Margraviate of Austria
- Austrian Littoral
- Avar Khaganate
- Avar Khanate
- Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
- Azerbaijan People's Government
- Bad Kreuznach
- Bad Wimpfen
- Baden
- County of Baden
- Margraviate of Baden
- Electorate of Baden
- Grand Duchy of Baden
- Baindt Abbey
- Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg
- Banat
- Bandava
- Banu Qasi
- Duchy of Bar
- County of Barby
- County of Barcelona
- Prince-Bishopric of Basel
- Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Electorate of Bavaria
- Kingdom of Bavaria
- Duchy of Bavaria
- Bavaria-Ingolstadt
- Bavaria-Landshut
- Bavaria-Munich
- Bavarian Soviet Republic
- Principality of Bayreuth
- County of Beilstein
- Belarusian People's Republic
- Belarusian Central Rada
- General Governorate of Belgium
- Principality of Beloozero
- Duchy of Belz
- County of Bentheim
- Berchtesgaden Provostry
- Grand Duchy of Berg
- Bernicia
- Duchy of Bernstadt
- Free City of Besançon
- Free Imperial City of Besançon
- Bessarabia Governorate
- Shirvan Beylarbeylik
- Biberach an der Riss
- Piemare
- Bishopric of Brandenburg
- Etruscan civilization
- County of Blankenburg
- Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Kingdom of Bohemia
Duchy of Bohemia- Lands of the Bohemian Crown
- Bolognese Republic
- Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosporan Kingdom
- Margraviate of Brandenburg
- Brandenburg-Küstrin
- Margraviate of Brandenburg-Küstrin
- Neumark
- Brandenburg-Prussia
- Kingdom of Brazil
- County of Brehna
- West Breifne
- Kingdom of Breifne
- Archbishopric of Bremen
- Bremen-Verden
- Bretzenheim (state)
- Duchy of Brzeg
- Britannic Empire
- Kingdom of Brittany
- Duchy of Brittany
- Bishopric of Brixen
- Duchy of Brunswick
- Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
- Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg
- Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
- Buchau Abbey
- Bukovina
- People's Republic of Bulgaria
- Burgau
- Duchy of Burgundy
- County of Burgundy
- Burtscheid Abbey
- Buxheim Charterhouse
- Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
- Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Duchy of Bytom
Byzantine Empire- Pale of Calais
- Principality of Calenberg
- Bishopric of Cammin
- Carantania
- Duchy of Carinthia
- Carneola
- Carpatho-Ukraine
- Kingdom of Castile
- Catalan Republic
- Principality of Catalonia
- Caucasian Albania
- North Caucasian Emirate
- Caucasian Imamate
- Republic of Central Lithuania
- Centrocaspian Dictatorship
- Marquisate of Ceva
- Chuvash Autonomous Oblast
- County of Cilli
- Circassia
- Cisrhenian Republic
- Colmar
- Electorate of Cologne
- Comburg
- Comtat Venaissin
- Confederation of the Rhine
- Old Swiss Confederacy
- Bishopric of Constance
- Ancient Corinth
- Kingdom of Corsica
- Anglo-Corsican Kingdom
- Corsican Republic
- Cossack Hetmanate
- County of Boulogne
- County of Csesznek
- County of Foix
- County of Holland
- County of Leiningen
- County of Metz
- County of Toulouse
- Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
- Bishopric of Courland
- Couto Misto
Cretan State- Emirate of Crete
- Crimean People's Republic
- Crimean Khanate
- Crimean Regional Government
- Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic
- Kingdom of Croatia
- Croatia in the union with Hungary
- Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
Independent State of Croatia- Socialist Republic of Croatia
- Duchy of Croatia
- Crown of Castile
- Cumania
- Cyme
- Kingdom of Cyprus
- Second Czechoslovak Republic
- Czechoslovakia
- First Czechoslovak Republic
- Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
- Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
- Emirate of Córdoba
- Caliphate of Córdoba
- Kingdom of Dalmatia
- Danish Estonia
- Free City of Danzig
- Deira
- Denmark–Norway
- Dinkelsbühl
- Disentis Abbey
- Don Republic
- Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
- Bishopric of Dorpat
- Principality of Drutsk
- Kingdom of Dublin
- Dubrovnik Republic
- East Breifne
East Germany- County of East Frisia
- Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
- County of Eberstein
- Bishopric of Eichstätt
- Lordship of Eisenberg
- Elchingen Abbey
- Ellwangen Abbey
- Engelberg Abbey
- Commonwealth of England
- Epirus
- Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
- Prince-Bishopric of Warmia
- Essen Abbey
- Commune of the Working People of Estonia
- Duchy of Estonia
- Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Fatimid Caliphate
- Kingdom of Finland
- Grand Duchy of Finland
- Finnish Democratic Republic
- Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
- Free State of Fiume
- Flensburg Government
- Principality of Bidache
- Principality of Orange
- Kingdom of France
- First French Empire
- Bourbon Restoration
- July Monarchy
- Vichy France
- Provisional Government of the French Republic
- Second French Empire
- Kingdom of France
- French Second Republic
- French Third Republic
- French Fourth Republic
- Francia
- East Francia
- Duchy of Franconia
- Frankfurt Constitution
- Grand Duchy of Frankfurt
- Frauenchiemsee
- Fraumünster
- Free City of Frankfurt
- Free State Bottleneck
- Free Territory
- Freie Ämter
- French First Republic
- French Union
- Lordship of Frisia
- Frisian Kingdom
- Fugger
- Fulda monastery
- Fürstenfeld Abbey
- Principality of Eichstätt
- Fürstenberg
- Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
- Galician Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kingdom of Galicia
- Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
- Gallic Empire
- Gandersheim Abbey
- Duchy of Gascony
- Gazikumukh Khanate
- Gazikumukh Shamkhalate
- Gelnhausen
- General Government
- County of Geneva
- Gengenbach Abbey
- Kingdom of Georgia
- Democratic Republic of Georgia
- Kingdom of the Gepids
- Republic of German-Austria
- German Confederation
- German Empire
- Weimar Republic
- Nazi Germany
- Gernrode
- Gersau
- Gévaudan
- Giudicato of Arborea
- Giudicato of Cagliari
- Giudicato of Gallura
- Giudicato of Logudoro
- Golden Horde
- Gorizia and Gradisca
- County of Gorizia
- Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Göss Abbey
- Goust
Gozo- County of Graisbach
- Emirate of Granada
- Principality of Hungary
- Great Horde
- Duchy of Greater Poland
- Grey League
- Principality of Grubenhagen
- Gutenzell Abbey
- County of Gützkow
- Principality of Göttingen
- Duchy of Głogów
- County of Haag
- Haestingas
- Bishopric of Halberstadt
- Lordship of Hanau
- Kingdom of Hanover
- Harjumaa
- Bishopric of Havelberg
- Heggbach Abbey
- County of Helfenstein
- Helmarshausen Abbey
- House of Henneberg
- Herford Abbey
- Herrenalb Abbey
- Hersfeld Abbey
- Landgraviate of Hesse
- Grand Duchy of Hesse
- Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
- Hesse-Homburg
- Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel
- Electorate of Hesse
- Hesse-Marburg
- Bishopric of Hildesheim
- Hohenlohe
- County of Hohenwaldeck
- House of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
- Hohenzollern-Hechingen
- Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- Duchy of Holstein
- Holstein-Pinneberg
- Holstein-Rendsburg
- Klettgau
- Holy Roman Empire
- County of Holzappel
- County of Hoya
- Hungarian Democratic Republic
- Hungarian Soviet Republic
- Kingdom of Hungary
- Republic of Hungary
- People's Republic of Hungary
- Kingdom of Hungary
- Huns
- Hutsul Republic
- Kingdom of Iceland
- Icelandic Commonwealth
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Idel-Ural State- Banu Ifran
- Kingdom of Illyria
- Kingdom of Imereti
- Imperial Ducal Abbey of Kempten
- Swedish Ingria
- Duchy of Inowrocław
- O'Kennedy
- Thomond
- Lordship of Ireland
- Irish Republic
- Uí Fidgenti
- Uí Liatháin
- Irsee Abbey
- Isenburg-Limburg
- Kingdom of the Isles
- Isny im Allgäu
- Kingdom of Italy
- Italian Social Republic
- Duchy of Jawor
- Principality of Jersika
- Jogentagana
- Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Oblast
- Kaisheim Abbey
- Kingdom of Kakheti
- Kalmar Union
- Kalmyk Khanate
- Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kingdom of Kartli
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti- County of Katzenelnbogen
- Reichskommissariat Kaukasus
- Kazakh Khanate
- Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
- Khanate of Kazan
- Free Imperial City of Kempten
- Khazars
- Principality of Kiev
- Kievan Rus'
- Taifa of Almería
- Kingdom of Bosnia
- Taifa of Granada
- Kingdom of the Lombards
- Taifa of Seville
- Kingdom of Soissons
- Kingdom of Syrmia
- Kingdom of the Burgundians
- Kingdom of the Suebi
- Kingdom of Valencia
- Kipchaks
- Kition
- County of Kladsko
- Klingenmünster Abbey
- Principality of Koknese
- Komancza Republic
- Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Königsegg
- Königsegg-Aulendorf
- Königsegg-Rothenfels
- Kornelimünster Abbey
- Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
- Free City of Kraków
- Duchy of Krnov
Kuban People's Republic- Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic
- Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
- League of God's House
- League of the Ten Jurisdictions
- Bishopric of Lebus
- County of Lechsgemünd
- Duchy of Łęczyca
- Duchy of Legnica
- Lajtabánság
- Lemko Republic
- County of Lenzburg
- County of Leoben
- Kingdom of León
- Principality of Leyen
- Principality of Lichtenberg
- Lindau Abbey
- Principality of Lippe
- Lippe-Alverdissen
- Lippe-Brake
- Kingdom of Lithuania
- Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Swedish Livonia
- Kingdom of Livonia
- Lokot Autonomy
- Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
- Lordship of Biscay
- Kingdom of Lori
- Duchy of Lorraine
- Lorsch Abbey
- Lotharingia
- Lower Burgundy
- Republic of Lucca
- Principality of Lucca and Piombino
- March of Lusatia
- Margraviate of Lower Lusatia
- Margraviate of Upper Lusatia
- Lääne County
- Bishopric of Lübeck
- Free City of Lübeck
- Macedonia
- Socialist Republic of Macedonia
- Archbishopric of Magdeburg
- Duchy of Magdeburg
- Republic of Mainz
- Electorate of Mainz
- Free City of Mainz
- Mainz
- Kingdom of Majorca
- Malta Colony
- Malta Protectorate
- French occupation of Malta
- State of Malta
- Marchtal Abbey
- Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- County of Mark
- Marmoutier Abbey, Alsace
- Duchy of Masovia
- Maulbronn Monastery
- Mecklenburg-Güstrow
- Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Margraviate of Meissen
- Memleben Abbey
- Menton
- Bishopric of Merseburg
- Metsepole
- County of Metternich-Winnenburg
- Bishopric of Metz
- Michaelsberg Abbey, Siegburg
- Middle Francia
- Bishopric of Minden
- Principality of Mingrelia
- Principality of Minsk
- Republic of Mirdita
- Mõhu
Moldavia- Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Mondsee Abbey
- Mongol Empire
- County of Montbéliard
- Socialist Republic of Montenegro
- Margraviate of Moravia
- Neutral Moresnet
- Reichskommissariat Moskowien
- Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus
- Murbach Abbey
- Grand Duchy of Moscow
- Prince-Bishopric of Münster
- Duchy of Münsterberg
- Kingdom of Naples
- Duchy of Nassau
- Nassau-Dietz
- Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda
- Nassau-Saarbrücken
- Nassau-Siegen
- House of Nassau-Weilburg
- Naumburg
- Kingdom of Navarre
- Neresheim Abbey
- Reichskommissariat Niederlande
Canton of Neuchâtel- Neuenburg am Rhein
- Neustria
- Nieder-Isenburg
- Niedermünster, Regensburg
- Nienburg Abbey
- Nogai Horde
- March of the Nordgau
- Nordhausen
- Duchy of Normandy
- North German Confederation
- North Ingria
- North Sea Empire
- Northeim
- Turkish Federated State of Cyprus
- Reichskommissariat Norwegen
- Novgorod Republic
- Principality of Novgorod-Seversk
- Nürburg
- Burgraviate of Nuremberg
- Free Imperial City of Nuremberg
- Nurmekund
- Duchy of Nysa
- Ober Ost
- Obermünster, Regensburg
- Obernai
- Provostry of Oberried
- Ochsenhausen Abbey
- Duchy of Oels
- Oettingen in Bayern
- Offenburg
- Old Great Bulgaria
- Terra Mariana
- Old Saxony
- County of Oldenburg
- Duchy of Oldenburg
- Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
- Duchy of Opole and Racibórz
- Duchy of Opole
- Principality of Orange-Nassau
- County of Orlamünde
- Ortenburg-Neuortenburg
- Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek
- Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
- Kingdom of Ossory
- Reichskommissariat Ostland
- Ostrogothic Kingdom
- Republic of Ostrów
- Ottobeuren Abbey
- Outer Schwyz
- Lordship of Overijssel
- Duchy of Oświęcim
- Duchy of Zator
- Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn
- Electoral Palatinate
- Palatinate-Lützelstein
- Palatinate-Neuburg
- Palatinate-Simmern and Zweibrücken
- Palatinate-Zweibrücken
- Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein
- Duchy of Pannonia
- Pappenheim
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Passau
- Pechenegs
- Great Perm
- Achaemenid Empire
- Persian Armenia
- Petershausen Abbey
- Pfäfers Abbey
- Pfullendorf
- Kingdom of Poland
- Congress Poland
- November Uprising
- Second Polish Republic
- People's Republic of Poland
- Polish National Government
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Principality of Polotsk
- Duchy of Pomerania
- Swedish Pomerania
- Kingdom of Portugal
- United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
- Monarchy of the North
- Ditadura Nacional
- Estado Novo
- County of Portugal
- First Portuguese Republic
- Republic of Prekmurje
- Lordship of Prilep
- Prince of Sedan
- Principality of Chernigov
- Principality of Guria
- Principality of Khachen
- Principality of Lower Pannonia
- Principality of Lüneburg
- Principality of Murom
- Principality of Pereyaslavl
- Principality of Slutsk
- Principality of Turov and Pinsk
- Principality of Upper Hungary
- Principality of Yaroslavl
- The Protectorate
- Prüfening Abbey
- Prüm Abbey
Prussia
Duchy of Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
Free State of Prussia- Pskov Republic
- Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam
- Bad Pyrmont
- Qasim Khanate
- Quedlinburg Abbey
- Racibórz
- Duchy of Racibórz
- Republic of Ragusa
- Imperial County of Rantzau
- Rapperswil
- Bishopric of Ratzeburg
- Raugraviate
- Rauracian Republic
- County of Ravensberg
Ravensburg- Rechberg and Rothenlöwen
- Regensburg
- Principality of Regensburg
- Bishopric of Regensburg
- County of Regenstein
- Reichenau Island
- Reipoltskirchen
- Remiremont Abbey
- Allied-occupied Austria
- Republic of Crema
- Republic of Galicia
- Republic of Tarnobrzeg
- Republic of Reuss
- Reuss
- Principality of Reuss-Gera
- Principality of Reuss-Greiz
Reuss-Lobenstein- Reuss-Ebersdorf
- Reutlingen
- Revala
- Lordship of Rhäzüns
- Rheda, Germany
- Rheinfelden
- Rheingau
- Vogtei Rheintal
- Rhenish Republic
- Rhinegraviate
- Rhodanic Republic
- County of Rieneck
- County of Rietberg
- Archbishopric of Riga
- Roggenburg Abbey
Hispania- Roman Empire
- Western Roman Empire
- Roman Kingdom
- Kingdom of Romania
- Socialist Republic of Romania
- Commune of Rome
- Roman Republic
- Margraviate of Ronsberg
- Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
- Rosheim
- Rot an der Rot Abbey
- Rothenburg ob der Tauber
- Rottweil
- Imperial City of Rottweil
- Principality of Rügen
- Rugiland
- Runkel
- Rus' Khaganate
- Russian Empire
- Russian Republic
- Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
- Russian Democratic Federative Republic
- Principality of Ryazan
Saar- County of Saarbrücken
- Saare County
- St. Emmeram's Abbey
- Abbey of Saint Gall
- St. Gallen
- St. George's Abbey, Isny
- Provostry of St. Gerold
- St. Ludger's Abbey
- St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier
- Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest
- St. Ulrich's and St. Afra's Abbey
- Sakala County
- Salem Abbey
- Principality of Salm
- Salm
- Salm-Horstmar
- Salm-Kyrburg
- Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck
- Salm-Reifferscheid-Hainsbach
- Salm-Reifferscheid-Krautheim
Salm-Salm- Archbishopric of Salzburg
- Electorate of Salzburg
- Duchy of Salzburg
- SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia
- Kingdom of Sardinia
- County of Sargans
- Sarir
- Sarrebourg
- Satrapy of Armenia
- County of Savoy
- Barony of Sax
- Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg
- Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- Saxe-Coburg
- Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach
- Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
- Saxe-Eisenach
- Saxe-Eisenberg
- Saxe-Gotha
- Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
- Saxe-Hildburghausen
- Saxe-Jena
- Saxe-Lauenburg
- Saxe-Marksuhl
- Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen
- Merseburg
- Saxe-Merseburg
- Saxe-Römhild
- Saxe-Saalfeld
- Saxe-Weimar
- Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
- Saxe-Weissenfels
- Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg
- Saxe-Zeitz
- Electorate of Saxony
- Kingdom of Saxony
- Duchy of Saxony
- Sayn
- Sayn-Altenkirchen
- Sayn-Homburg
- Sayn-Wittgenstein
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Karlsburg
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Vallendar
- Sayn-Wittgenstein-Wittgenstein
- Schaffhausen
- Schänis Abbey
- County of Schaumburg
- Schaumburg
- Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
- Schellenberg
- Duchy of Schleswig
- Schlitz, Hesse
- Schmalkalden
- Schöntal Abbey
- Schussenried Abbey
- Schuttern Abbey
- Schwäbisch Hall
- Schwäbisch Gmünd
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- House of Schwarzenberg
- Free Republic of Schwarzenberg
- Schweinfurt
- Schwerin
Canton of Schwyz- Schönborn
- Schönburg
Kingdom of Scotland- Pashalik of Scutari
- Selz Abbey
- Seniorate Province
Serbia and Montenegro- Kingdom of Serbia
- Socialist Republic of Serbia
- Kingdom of Serbia
- Serbian Grand Principality
- Principality of Serbia
- Shaki Khanate
Sicily- County of Sicily
- République des Sept-Dizains
- Republic of Siena
- Duchy of Sieradz
- Duchy of Silesia
- Austrian Silesia
- Roman Catholic Diocese of Sion
- Slovak Republic
- Slovak Soviet Republic
- Socialist Republic of Slovenia
- Principality of Smolensk
- Soest, Germany
- Söflingen Abbey
- Solms
- Solms-Baruth
- Solms-Braunfels
- Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
- Solms-Laubach
- Solms-Rödelheim-Assenheim
- Solms-Wildenfels
- Solothurn
- Soopoolitse
- Government of South Russia
- South Russian Government
- Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus
- Soviet Union
- Kingdom of Spain
- Francoist Spain
- Spanish Republican government in exile
- First Spanish Republic
- Second Spanish Republic
- Sparta
- Speyer
- Bishopric of Speyer
- County of Sponheim
- Sponheim-Kreuznach
- Sponheim-Sayn
- Sponheim-Starkenburg
- St. Blaise Abbey, Black Forest
- Stadion
- Stadion-Thannhausen
- Stadion-Warthausen
- Burg Stargard
- Starhemberg
- State of Hanover
- Scordisci
- Provisional Government of National Defence
- Steinfurt
- County of Stolberg
- Stolberg-Rossla
- Stolberg-Stolberg
- Stolberg-Wernigerode
- Strandzha Commune
Strasbourg- Bishopric of Strasbourg
- Stühlingen
- Duchy of Styria
- Ottoman Empire
- Sundgau
- Kingdom of Sussex
- Duchy of Swabia
- Union between Sweden and Norway
- Swedish Empire
- Swedish overseas colonies
- Switzerland in the Napoleonic era
- Helvetic Republic
- Tabasaran Principality
- Taifa of Albarracín
- Taifa of Algeciras
- Taifa of Alpuente
- Taifa of Arcos
- Taifa of Arjona
- Taifa of Badajoz
- Taifa of Baeza
- Taifa of Carmona
- Taifa of Constantina and Hornachuelos
- Taifa of Córdoba
- Taifa of Dénia
- Taifa of Guadix and Baza
- Taifa of Jaén
- Taifa of Jerez
- Taifa of Lisbon
- Taifa of Lorca
- Taifa of Majorca
- Taifa of Menorca
- Taifa of Molina
- Taifa of Morón
- Taifa of Murcia
- Taifa of Murviedro and Sagunto
- Taifa of Málaga
- Taifa of Mértola
- Taifa of Niebla
- Taifa of Orihuela
- Taifa of Purchena
- Taifa of Ronda
- Taifa of Saltés and Huelva
- Taifa of Santa Maria do Algarve
- Taifa of Santarém
- Taifa of Segura
- Taifa of Silves
- Taifa of Tavira
- Taifa of Tejada
- Taifa of Toledo
- Taifa of Tortosa
- Taifa of Valencia
- Taifa of Zaragoza
- Tarasp
- Taurida Soviet Socialist Reublic
- Kingdom of Tavolara
- County of Tecklenburg
- Tengen, Germany
- Duchy of Teschen
- State of the Teutonic Order
- Principality of Theodoro
- Thorn Abbey
- Three Leagues
- Duchy of Thuringia
- Thurn und Taxis
- County of Toerring
- Counts of Toggenburg
- Kingdom of Toledo
- Toul
- Ancient Diocese of Toul
- Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
- Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
- Transylvania
- Principality of Transylvania
- Electorate of Trier
- Free Territory of Trieste
- Duchy of Troppau
- Principality of Trubetsk
- Tsardom of Russia
- County Palatine of Tübingen
- Tübingen
- Turckheim
- Reichskommissariat Turkestan
- Tver
- Tyrconnell
- County of Tyrol
- Tālava
- Überlingen
- Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Ugandi County
Ukrainian People's Republic- Ukrainian State
- West Ukrainian People's Republic
- Reichskommissariat Ukraine
- Ukrainian National Government
- Free Imperial City of Ulm
- United Principalities
- Unterwalden
- Bad Urach
- County of Urach
- Ursberg Abbey
- Lordship of Utrecht
- Vaiga
- Vandal Kingdom
- Kingdom of Vaspurakan
- County of Veldenz
- Verden
- Verden an der Aller
- Bishopric of Verden
- Prince-Bishopric of Verden
- Bishopric of Verdun
- Republic of Vevčani
- County of Virneburg
- Virumaa
- Viscounty of Béarn
- Visigothic Kingdom
- Principality of Vitebsk
- Vladimir-Suzdal
- Vogtland
- Military Frontier
- Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina
- Principality of Volhynia
- Wain
- Waldburg
- Waldburg-Capustigall
- Waldburg-Friedburg-Scheer
- Waldburg-Scheer
- Waldburg-Sonnenburg
- Waldburg-Trauchburg
- Waldburg-Waldburg
- Waldburg-Waldsee
- Waldburg-Wolfegg
- Waldburg-Wolfegg-Zeil
- Waldburg-Wurzach
- Waldburg-Zeil
- Waldeck
- Waldsassen Abbey
- Walkenried Abbey
- Wangen im Allgäu
- Warburg
- Duchy of Warsaw
- Government General of Warsaw
- Wartenberg, Hesse
- Weil der Stadt
- Weingarten Abbey
- Weissenau Abbey
- Weißenburg in Bayern
- Weißenstein
- Werden Abbey
- Werdenberg
- Werdenberg-Sargans
- Werle
- County of Wernigerode
Wessex- West Berlin
- West Francia
- Kingdom of Westphalia
- Wettenhausen Abbey
- Wetzlar
- County of Wetzlar
- Wiblingen Abbey
- Wied
- Wied-Neuwied
- Wied-Runkel
- Wild County
- Bad Windsheim
- County of Winzenburg
- Swedish Wismar
- Wissembourg
- Siegen-Wittgenstein
- Wolfstein
- Worms, Germany
- Bishopric of Worms
- Wurmbrand-Stuppach
- County of Württemberg
- Württemberg
- Electorate of Württemberg
- Duchy of Württemberg
- Kingdom of Württemberg
- Bishopric of Würzburg
- Grand Duchy of Würzburg
- Yotvingia
Yugoslavia- Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
- Zakarid Armenia
- Republic of Zakopane
- County of Zeeland
- Zell am Harmersbach
- Zollern
- Free and high fief of Zuid-Polsbroek
- County of Zweibrücken
- Zwiefalten Abbey
- Duchy of Żagań
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