Portal:United Nations Security Council
Texts relating to the United Nations|Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It holds the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. Here’s an overview of its key features:
Composition The UNSC has 15 members: 1. 5 Permanent Members (P5):
- China
- France
- Russia
- United Kingdom
- United States
These countries have veto power, meaning they can block any substantive resolution. 2. 10 Non-Permanent Members: Elected by the UN General Assembly for two-year terms. Seats are distributed regionally to ensure representation (e.g., Africa, Asia, Latin America).
Functions: 1. Maintaining Peace and Security: Investigates disputes or conflicts that may endanger peace. Can authorize military action, sanctions, or peacekeeping missions. 2. Adopting Resolutions: Legally binding resolutions for member states. 3. Appointing UN Leadership: Recommends the appointment of the UN Secretary-General. Approves new member states to the UN. 4. Overseeing Peacekeeping Operations: Establishes and monitors peacekeeping forces in conflict zones. Meetings and Decision-Making Requires 9 out of 15 votes for decisions to pass. Any permanent member’s veto can block substantive decisions.
Criticism: 1. Veto Power: Seen as a tool for political deadlock. 2. Representation Issues: Critics argue the Council reflects post-WWII power dynamics and doesn’t adequately represent developing nations.