The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kluge, Friedrich

KLUGE, kloo′gĕ, Friedrich, German philologist and educator: b. Cologne, 22 June 1856. He studied philology and Germanics in Leipzig, Strassburg and Freiburg; became teacher of English and German philology at Strassburg (1880), assistant professor at Jena in 1884, full professor in 1886, and in 1893 was appointed professor of German language and literature at Freiburg. He wrote ‘Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache’ (1881, 7th ed., 1910); ‘Stammbildungslehre der altgermanischen Dialekte’ (2d ed., 1899); ‘Von Luther bis Lessing, sprachgeschichtliche Aufsätze’ (4th ed., 1904); ‘Angelsächsiges Lesebuch’ (3d ed., 1902); ‘Deutsche Studentensprache’ (1895); ‘English Etymology’ (in collaboration with F. Lutz, 1898); ‘Rothwelsch, Quellen und Wortschatz der Gaunersprache’ (1901); ‘Mittelenglisches Lesebuch’ (glossary by Kölbing, 1904; 2d ed., 1912). For Paul's ‘Grundriss der altgermanischen Philologie’ he wrote ‘Vorgeschichte der altgermanischen Dialekte’ (1897) and ‘Geschichte der Englischen Sprache’ (1899). In 1900 he founded the Zeitschrift für deutsche Wortforschung.