The Geographical Distribution of Animals/Chapter 14.2

by Alfred Russel Wallace

TABLES OF DISTRIBUTION.

In drawing up these tables, showing the distribution of the various classes of animals in the Neotropical region, the following sources of information have been relied on, in addition to the general treatises, monographs, and catalogues used in the compilation of the Fourth Part of this work.

Mammalia.—D'Orbigny, and Burmeister, for Brazil and La Plata; Darwin, and Cunningham, for Temperate S. America; Tschudi, for Peru; Frazer, for Ecuador; Salvin, for Guatemala; Frantzius, for Costa Rica; Sclater, for Quadrumana N. of Panama; Gundlach, for Cuba; and papers by Dr. J. E. Gray, and Mr. Tomes.

Birds.—Sclater and Salvin's Nomenclator; Notes by Darwin, and Cunningham; Gundlach, March, Bryant, Baird, Elliot, Newton, Semper, and Sundevall, for various islands of the Antilles; and papers by Hudson, Lawrence, Grayson, Abbott, Sclater, and Salvin.

TABLE I.

FAMILIES OF ANIMALS INHABITING THE NEOTROPICAL REGION.

Explanation.

Names in italics show the families which are peculiar to the region.

Names enclosed thus (......) indicate families which barely enter the region, and are not considered properly to belong to it.

Numbers correspond with those of the series of families in Part IV.

Order and Family	Sub-regions				Range beyond the Region.
	Chili.	Brazil.	Mexico.	Antilles.
MAMMALIA.
Primates.
4. Cebidæ		—	—
5. Hapalidæ		—	(?)
Chiroptera.
10. Phyllostomidæ	—	—	—	—	California
12. Vespertilionidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
13. Noctilionidæ	—	—	—	—	All tropical regions
Insectivora.
18. Centetidæ				—	Madagascar
Carnivora.
23. Felidæ	—	—	—		All regions but Australian
28. Canidæ	—	—	—		All regions but Australian
29. Mustelidæ	—	—	—		All regions but Australian
30. Procyonidæ	—	—	—		N. America
32. Ursidæ	—				All regions but Ethiopian and Australian
33. Otariidæ	—				S. temperate zone
35. Phocidæ	—			(?)	N. and S. temperate zones
Cetacea.
36 to 41	—				Oceanic
Sirenia.
42. Manatidæ		—	—	—	Tropical shores
Ungulata.
44. Tapiridæ		—	—		Indo-Malaya
47. Suidæ		—	—		Cosmopolite, excl. Australia
48. Camelidæ	—				Palæarctic
50. Cervidæ	—	—	—		All regions but Ethiopian and Australian
Rodentia.
55. Muridæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
59. Saccomyidæ			—		Nearctic
61. Sciuridæ		—	—		All regions but Australian
63. Chinchillidæ	—
64. Octodontidæ	—	—		—	Africa
65. Echimyidæ	—	—			Ethiopian
66. Cercolabidæ		—	—		Nearctic
68. Caviidæ	—	—	—	—
70. Leporidæ		—	—		All regions but Australian
Edentata.
71. Bradypodidæ		—	—
73. Dasypodidæ	—	—	—
75. Myrmecophagidæ		—	—
Marsupialia.
76. Didelphyidæ	—	—	—		Temperate N. America
BIRDS.
Passeres.
1. Turdidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
2. Sylviidæ		—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
5. Cinclidæ		—	—		Nearctic, Palæarctic, Oriental
6. Troglodytidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic, Palæarctic, Oriental
8. Certhiidæ			—		Nearctic, Palæarctic, Oriental
9. Sittidæ			—		All regions, excl. Africa
10. Paridæ			—		Nearctic, Palæarctic, Oriental
20. Corvidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
26. Cœrebidæ		—	—	—
27. Mniotiltidæ		—	—	—	Nearctic
28. Vireonidæ		—	—	—	Nearctic
29. Ampelidæ			—	—	Nearctic, Palæarctic
30. Hirundinidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
31. Icteridæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
32. Tanagridæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
33. Fringillidæ	—	—	—	—	All regions but Australian
38. Motacillidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
38a. Oxyrhamphidæ		—	—
39. Tyrannidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
40. Pipridæ		—	—
41. Cotingidæ	—	—	—	—
42. Phytotomidæ	—
44. Dendrocolaptidæ	—	—	—
45. Formicariidæ		—	—
46. Pteroptochidæ	—	—
Picariæ.
51. Picidæ	—	—	—	—	All regions but Australian
54. Megalæmidæ		—	—		Ethiopian, Oriental
55. Rhamphastidæ		—	—
58. Cuculidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
60. Bucconidæ		—	—
61. Galbulidæ		—	—
64. Todidæ				—
65. Momotidæ		—	—
66. Trogonidæ		—	—	—	Ethiopian, Oriental
67. Alcedinidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
72. Steatornithidæ		—
73. Caprimulgidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
74. Cypselidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
75. Trochilidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
Psittaci.
80. Conuridæ	—	—	—	—	S. United States
81. Psittacidæ		—	—	—	Ethiopian
Columbæ.
84. Columbidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
Gallinæ.
87. Tetraonidæ		—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
88. Phasianidæ			—		All regions but Australian
91. Cracidæ		—	—
92. Tinamidæ	—	—	—
Opisthocomi.
93. Opisthocomidæ		—
Accipitres.
94. Vulturidæ	—	—	—	—	All regions but Australian
96. Falconidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
97. Pandionidæ		—	—	—	Cosmopolite
98. Strigidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
Grallæ.
99. Rallidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
100. Scolopacidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
101. Chionididæ	—
102. Thinocoridæ	—
103. Parridæ		—	—		Tropical regions
105. Charadriidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
108. Cariamidæ	—	—
109. Aramidæ		—	—
110. Psophiidæ		—
111. Eurypygidæ		—	—
113. Ardeidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
114. Plataleidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
115. Ciconiidæ	—	—	—		Nearly cosmopolite
116. Palamedeidæ	—	—
117. Phœnicopteridæ	—	—	—		Ethiopian, Indian
Anseres.
118. Anatidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
119. Laridæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
120. Procellariidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
121. Pelecanidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
122. Spheniscidæ	—				S. temperate zone
124. Podicipidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
Struthiones.
126. Struthionidæ	—				Ethiopian
REPTILIA.
Ophidia.
1. Typhlopidæ		—	—	—	Tropical regions and S. Palæarctic
2. Tortricidæ		—			Oriental, N.-W. America
5. Calamariidæ	—	—	—	—	All warm countries
6. Oligodontidæ		—			Oriental, Japan
7. Colubridæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
8. Homalopsidæ	—			—	All the regions
11. Dendrophidæ	—	—	—	—	All tropical regions
12. Dryiophidæ		—	—		Oriental, Ethiopian
13. Dipsadidæ		—	—		All tropical regions
14. Scytalidæ		—	—		Philippine Islands
16. Amblycephalidæ		—	—		Oriental
17. Pythonidæ	—	—	—	—	All tropical regions, California
20. Elapidæ	—	—	—		Tropical regions, Japan, S. Carolina
23. Hydrophidæ			—		Oriental, Australian, Madagascar
24. Crotalidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic, Palæarctic, Oriental
Lacertilia.
27. Chirotidæ			—		Missouri
28. Amphisbænidæ	—	—		—	Ethiopian, S. Palæarctic
29. Lepidosternidæ	—	—			Ethiopian
31. Helodermidæ			—
32. Teidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
34. Zonuridæ		—	—	—	Nearctic, Ethiopian, S. Europe, and N. India
35. Chalcidæ	—	—	—		Nearctic
36. Anadiadæ		—
37. Chirocolidæ		—
38. Iphisadæ		—
39. Cercosauridæ		—
41. Gymnophthalmidæ		—		—	Australian, Ethiopian, Palæarctic
45. Scincidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
49. Geckotidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
50. Iguanidæ	—	—	—	—	Nearctic
Crocodilia.
55. Crocodilidæ		—	—	—	Ethiopian, Oriental, N. Australian
56. Alligatoridæ		—	—		Nearctic
Chelonia.
57. Testudinidæ	—	—	—	—	All continents but Australian
58. Chelydidæ		—			Ethiopian, Australian
60. Cheloniidæ					Marine
AMPHIBIA.
Pseudophidia.
1. Cæciliadæ		—	—		Oriental, Ethiopian
Urodela.
6. (Salamandridæ)		—	—		Nearctic, Palæarctic
Anoura.
7. Rhinophrynidæ			—
8. Phryniscidæ	—	—	—		Ethiopian, Australian, Java
9. Hylaplesidæ	—	—		—
10. Bufonidæ	—	—	—	—	All continents but Australia
12. Engystomidæ	—	—	—		All regions but Palæarctic
13. Bombinatoridæ	—	—			Palæarctic, New Zealand
14. Plectromantidæ	—
15. Alytidæ		—			All regions but Oriental
16. Pelodryadæ	—	—			Australia
17. Hylidæ	—	—	—	—	All regions but Ethiopian
18. Polypedatidæ	—	—	—	—	All the regions
19. Ranidæ	—	—	—	—	Almost cosmopolite
20. Discoglossidæ	—	—			All regions but Nearctic
21. Pipidæ		—
FISHES (FRESH-WATER).
Acanthopterygii.
3. Percidæ	—	—		—	All regions but Australian
11. (Trachinidæ)	—				Australia
12. Sciænidæ	(?)	—	—	(?)	All regions but Australian
33. Nandidæ		—			Oriental
34. Polycentridæ		—	—
38. Mugillidæ		(?)	—	—	Australian, Ethiopian
52. Chromidæ	—	—	—	—	Ethiopian, Oriental
Physostomi.
59. Siluridæ	—	—	—	—	All warm regions
60. Characinidæ	—	—	—	—	Ethiopian
61. Haplochitonidæ	—				S. Australia
67. Galaxidæ	—				Tasmania and New Zealand
73. Cyprinodontidæ	—	—	—	—	Absent from Australia
78. Osteoglossidæ		—			All tropical regions
84. Gymnotidæ		—
85. Symbranchidæ		—			Oriental, Australian, (? marine)
Dipnoi.
92. Sirenoidei		—			Ethiopian, Australian
Plagiostomata.
112. Trygonidæ		—
INSECTS. LEPIDOPTERA (PART).
Diurni (Butterflies).
1. Danaidæ	—	—	—	—	All warm regions, and to Canada
2. Satyridæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
4. Morphidæ		—	—		Australian, Oriental
5. Brassolidæ		—	—
6. Acræidæ		—	—		All tropical regions
7. Heliconiidæ		—	—	—
8. Nymphalidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
9. Libytheidæ		—		—	Absent from Australia
10. Nemeobiidæ		—	—		Not in Australia or Nearctic regions
11. Eurygonidæ		—	—
12. Erycinidæ		—	—	—	Nearctic
13. Lycænidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
14. Pieridæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
15. Papilionidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
16. Hesperidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
Sphingidea.
17. Zygænidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite
18. Castniidæ		—	—	—	Australian
20. Uraniidæ		—	—	—	All tropical regions
21. Stygiidæ		—			Palæarctic
22. Ægeriidæ	—	—	—	—	Not in Australia
23. Sphingidæ	—	—	—	—	Cosmopolite