The Making of a State/Appendix

by Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk

APPENDIX.—TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
August–September, 1914.					The Russian Commander-in-Chief, Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolayevitch, issues a proclamation to the Austro-Hungarian peoples; the Tsar receives a first Czechoslovak deputation; the creation of a Czech Družina in the Russian army is sanctioned; the Russian Foreign Minister, Sazonof, receives a Czechoslovak deputation and declares that the restoration of the Bohemian Kingdom corresponds to the intentions of the Russian Government; the Tsar receives a second deputation and expresses the hope that Czechoslovak wishes will be fulfilled.
October 2, 1914.	The French Minister of the Interior grants to trustworthy Czechs the same privileges as to citizens of Allied States.
October 19, 1914.		The British Prime Minister, Mr. Asquith, agrees to take the chair at Professor Masaryk’s inaugural lecture at King’s College, London, and makes a written declaration. The Czechs in Great Britain are exempted from the disabilities of enemy aliens.

TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS—continued
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
1915 and 1916.	In Western Europe the Czechoslovak National Council is set up and becomes the central organ of the movement for liberation. A branch of the Council is established in Russia.
January 13, 1916.					The Družina is transformed into a regiment of Czechoslovak Rifles in the Russian Army.
February 3, 1916.	The French Prime Minister, M. Briand, receives Professor Masaryk and agrees with his policy of liberating the subject Hapsburg peoples.
April 17, 1916, to January 4, 1917.					The formation of a Czechoslovak Brigade in the Russian army is sanctioned; the Tsar agrees to the liberation of the Slav prisoners of war but presently withdraws his assent; the formation of a Czechoslovak division in Russia is sanctioned.
January 10, 1917.	In the Allied reply to President Wilson’s Note of December 21, 1916, asking for a definition of Allied war aims, the liberation of the Czechs and Slovaks from alien rule is declared to be a main condition of peace.
March 24, 1917.					Milyukoff, the Foreign Minister of the Russian Provisional Government, confirms the regulations for the formation of a Czechoslovak army.
June 13, 1917.	Conclusion of an agreement between Professor Masaryk and the French Minister, M. Albert Thomas, upon the sending of 30,000 Czecho-

TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS—continued
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
	slovak prisoner of war from Russia to France—the first Treaty of State concluded by the Czechoslovak National Council; a further agreement between the National Council and the French Government upon the formation of the Czechoslovak army being made on August 17, 1917.
August 18, 1917.					The Branch of the Czechoslovak National Council in Russia issues a loan of 20,000,000 francs for its army.
October 4, 1917.				The Italian Government sanctions a formation of Labour contingents of Czechoslovak prisoners of war.
April 9, 1917, to February 16, 1918.					General Dukhonin sanctions the formation of the first independent Czechoslovak Corps in Russia; agreement between the Czechoslovak National Council and the Ukrainian Government; agreement with the Bolshevist Commander Muravyeff upon the armed neutrality of the Czechoslovak forces, which are declared to form part of the French army, Muravyeff guaranteeing it safe conduct to France.

TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS—continued
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
March 1918.				Congress amends the Immigration Law so as to allow Czechoslovak Legionaries recruited in the United States to return thither after the war in the same way as the American volunteers in the Allied armies.
March 21, 1918, to April 24, 1918.			Signature of Treaty between the National Council and the Italian Government upon the creation of a Czechoslovak Legion in Italy; and solemn presentation of colours to Legion in Rome.
May 22, 1918.		On behalf of the Foreign Office, Lord Robert Cecil recognizes the right of the Czechoslovak nation to complete independence; and (June 3rd) the British Government declares its readiness to recognize the National Council as the supreme authority of the Czechoslovak movement, and the Czechoslovak Legions as a belligerent Allied army.
May 29, 1918.				The Government approves of the resolutions of the Rome Congress of Oppressed Hapsburg peoples and (June 28th) supplements its approval by declaring that all the Slavs must be freed from German and Austrian rule.

TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS—continued
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
June 3, 1918.	In the Allied War Council held at Versailles the French, British and Italian Prime Ministers associate themselves with the American declarations, and declare their sincere sympathy with the Czechoslovak and Southern Slav struggle for freedom.
June 29, 1918.	The Government recognizes the Czechoslovak right to independence and the National Council as the first basis of the future Czechoslovak Government; the President of the Republic presents colours (June 30th) to the Czechoslovak Legion in France.
August 2 and 3, 1918.	American-Japanese Agreement upon military intervention in support of the Czechoslovak Legion in Siberia; the Allied representatives at Washington promise military and material assistance to the Legion.
August 9 to November 11, 1918.		The British Foreign Secretary, Mr. A. J. Balfour, issues a declaration recognising the Czechoslovaks as an Allied nation; their Legions in France, Italy, and Siberia as a united Allied and belligerent army waging regular warfare against Austria-Hungary and Germany; and the National Council as the trustee for the future Czechoslovak Government. The British Government recognises the National Council on this basis and concludes a diplomatic convention with it. The British Prime Minister, Mr. Lloyd George, thanks the National Council for the achievements of the Czechoslovak Legion in Siberia.

TABLE OF RECOGNITIONS—continued
DATE.	FRANCE.	ENGLAND.	ITALY.	AMERICA.	RUSSIA AND OTHER STATES
August 23, 1918.				The Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate declares Czechoslovak independence to be one of the most important conditions of peace; and the American Government (September 3rd) recognizes the existence of a state of war between the Czechoslovaks and the Central Empires, and the National Council as the de facto Czechoslovak Government.
September 9 to October 7, 1918.					The Japanese Government recognizes the Czechoslovak army as a regular belligerent force and the National Council as its supreme organ. The Chinese Government recognizes (October 3rd) the Czechoslovak army in Siberia in the same way. The Russian Soviet Government recognizes (October 7th) the National Council as the de jure Government of the Czechoslovak State.
October 14–18, 1918.	Dr. Beneš informs the Allied Governments that the National Council has constituted itself in Paris as a Provisional Government and accredits Czechoslovak representatives to them. Next day (October 15th) France recognizes the Provisional Government. On October 18th Masaryk, on behalf of the Provisional Government, proclaims Czechoslovak independence at Washington. President Wilson informs Austria-Hungary that the United States has recognized the Czechoslovak Provisional Government, which Italy also recognizes on October 24th. On November 4th Dr. Beneš is invited to tak part in the Allied armistice negotiations in Paris; and on November 15th the first French and British Military Missions are appointed to Prague. Greece and Belgium recognize the Czechoslovak Government on November 22nd and 28th. On December 4th the Allies recognize the Czechoslovak State, and authorize its troops to occupy Slovakia and to supervise the administration in the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy.