The Mythology of All Races/Volume 3
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PLATE I
Brug na Boinne
The tumulus at New Grange is the largest of a group of three at Dowth, New Grange, and Knowth, County Meath, on the banks of the Boyne in the plain known to Irish tales as Brug na Boinne, the traditional burial-place of the Tuatha Dé Danann and of the Kings of Tara. It was also associated with the Tuatha Dé Danann as their immortal dwelling-place, e. g. of Oengus of the Brug (see pp. 50–51, 66–67, 176–77). The tumuli are perhaps of the neolithic age (for plans see Plate VI, A and B).
THE MYTHOLOGY OF ALL RACES
IN THIRTEEN VOLUMES
LOUIS HERBERT GRAY, A.M., PH.D., Editor
GEORGE FOOT MOORE, A.M., D.D., LL.D., Consulting Editor
| CELTIC BY JOHN ARNOTT MACCULLOCH, HON. D.D. (ST. ANDREWS) |
SLAVIC BY JAN MÁCHAL, PH.D. WITH A CHAPTER ON BALTIC MYTHOLOGY BY THE EDITOR |
VOLUME III
BOSTON
MARSHALL JONES COMPANY
M DCCCC XVIII
Copyright, 1918
By Marshall Jones Company
Entered at Stationers' Hall, London
All rights reserved
Printed June, 1918
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
BOUND BY THE BOSTON BOOKBINDING COMPANY
CONTENTS
CELTIC
PAGE Author's Preface 5 Introduction 7 Chapter I. The Strife of the Gods 23 II. Tuatha De Danann and Milesians 42 III. The Division of the Sid 49 IV. Mythic Powers of the Gods 54 V. Gods Helping Mortals 62 VI. Divine Enmity and Punishment 68 VII. The Loves of the Gods 78 VIII. The Myths of the British Celts 92 IX. The Divine Land 114 X. Mythical Animals and Other Beings 124 XI. Myths of Origins 135 XII. The Heroic Myths—I. Cúchulainn and his Circle 139 XIII. The Heroic Myths — II. Fionn and the Féinn 160 XIV. The Heroic Myths — III. Arthur 184 XV. Paganism and Christianity 206 Bibliography 365
SLAVIC
PAGE Editor's Preface 217 Pronunciation 219 Introduction 221 Part I. The Genii 225 Chapter I. Belief in Soul and Genii 227 II. Worship of the Dead, Especially Ancestors 233 III. The Household Gods 240 IV. Genii of Fate 249 V. Navky and Rusalky 253 VI. Vily 256 VII. Silvan Spirits 261 VIII. Field-Spirits 267 IX. Water-Spirits 270 X. Sun, Moon, and Stars 273 Part II. The Deities of the Elbe Slavs 275 Chapter I. Svantovit 279 II. Triglav 284 III. Svaražic 286 IV. Černobog 288 V. Other Deities 289 Part III. The Deities of the Pagan Russians 291 Chapter I. Perun 293 II. Dažbog 297 III. Svarožič and Svarog 298 IV. Chors 299 V. Veles, Volos, and Stribog 300 Part IV. Cult and Festivals 303 Chapter I. Worship of the Gods 305 II. The Koleda 307 III. The Rusalye 311 IV. The Kupalo and Jarilo 313 Part V. Baltic Mythology 315 Notes, Celtic 333 Notes, Slavic 351 Bibliography, Celtic 365 Bibliography, Slavic 389
ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATE FACING PAGE I Brug na Boinne — Coloured Frontispiece II Gaulish Coins 8 1. Horse and Wheel-Symbol 2. Horse, Conjoined Circles and S-Symbol 3. Man-Headed Horse and Wheel 4. Bull and S-Symbol 5. Bull 6. Sword and Warrior Dancing Before it 7-8. Swastika Composed of Two S-Symbols (?) 9-10. Bull's Head and two S-Symbols; Bear Eating a Serpent 11. Wolf and S-Symbols III Gaulish Coins 14 1. Animals Opposed, and Boar and Wolf (?) 2. Man-Headed Horse and Bird, and Bull Ensign 3. Squatting Divinity, and Boar and S-Symbol or Snake 4. Horse and Bird 5. Bull and Bird 6. Boar 7. Animals Opposed IV God with the Wheel 20 V Smertullos 40 VI A. Plan of the Brug na Boinne 50 B. Plan of the Brug na Boinne 50 VII Three-Headed God 56 VIII Squatting God 72 IX A. Altar from Saintes 86 B. Reverse Side of the same Altar 86 X Incised Stones from Scotland 94 1. The"Picardy Stone" 2. The "Newton Stone" XI Gauls and Romans in Combat 106 XII Three-Headed God 112 XIII Sucellos 116 XIV Dispater and Aeracura (?) 120 XV Epona 124 XVI Cernunnos 128 XVII Incised Stones from Scotland 134 1. The "Crichie Stone" 2. An Incised Scottish Stone XVIII Menhir of Kernuz 140 XIX Bulls and S-Symbols 152 1, 6. Carvings of Bulls from Burghhead 2-5. S-Symbols XX A. Altar from Notre Dame. Esus 158 B. Altar from Notre Dame. Tarvos Trigaranos 158 XXI Altar from Trèves 166 XXII Page of an Irish Manuscript 176 XXIII Artio 186 XXIV Boars 188 XXV Horned God 204 XXVI Sucellos 208 XXVII Zadusnica 237 XXVIII Djadek 244 XXIX Setek 244 XXX Lesni Zenka 261 XXXI Svantovit 279 XXXII Festival of Svantovit 281 XXXIII Radigast 286 XXXIV Idealizations of Slavic Divinities 288 1. Svantovit 2. Ziva 3. Cernobog and Tribog XXXV Veles 300 XXXVI Ancient Slavic Sacrifice 305 XXXVII The Sacred Oak of Romowe 305
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