The New International Encyclopædia/Springer, Alfred

SPRING′ER, Alfred (1854—). An American chemist, born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, and then settled in the practice of his profession in Cincinnati. He published studies on Glycocholic Ether (1879), Pentachloramyl Formate (1881), and Reduction of Nitrates by Ferments (1883), in which he announced his discovery of denitrifying ferments among the microörganisms of the soil, and forming a sort of link between the plants and their nitrogenous constituents; also, A Latent Characteristic of Aluminum (1891) and Increase of Segmental Vibrations (1897).