The Thoughts of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus/Index of Terms

by George Long

INDEX OF TERMS.

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• ἀδιάφορα (indifferentia, Cicero, Seneca, Epp. 82); things indifferent, neither good nor bad; the same as μέσα.
• αἰσχρός (turpis, Cic.), ugly; morally ugly.
• αἰτία, cause.
• αἰτιῶδες, αἴτιον, τό, the formal or formative principle, the cause.
• ἀκοινώνητος, unsocial.
• ἀναφορά, reference, relation to a purpose.
• ἀνυπεξαιρέτως, unconditionally.
• ἀπόῤῥοια , efflux.
• ἀπροαίρετα, τά, the things which are not in our will or power.
• ἀρχέ, a first principle.
• ἄτομοι (corpora individua, Cic.), atoms.
• αὐτάρκεια est quae parvo contenta omne id respuit quod abundat (Cic.); contentment.
• αὐτάρκης, sufficient in itself; contented.
• ἀφορμαί, means, principles. The word has also other significations in Epictetus. Index ed. Schweig.
• γιγνόμενα, τά, things which are produced, come into existence.
• δαίμων, god, god in man, man's intelligent principle.
• διάθεσις, disposition, affection of the mind.
• διαίρεσις, division of things into their parts, dissection, resolution, analysis.
• διαλεκτική, ars bene disserendi et vera ac falsa dijudicandi (Cic.).
• διάλυσις, dissolution, the opposite of σύγκρισις.
• διάνοια, understanding; sometimes, the mind generally, the whole intellectual power.
• δόγματα (decreta, Cic.), principles.
• δύναμις νοερά, intellectual faculty.
• ἐγκράτεια, temperance, self-restraint.
• εἶδος in divisione formae sunt, quas Graeci εἶδη vocant; nostri, si qui haec forte tractant, species appellant (Cic.). But εἶδος is used by Epictetus and Antoninus less exactly and as a general term, like genus. Index Epict. ed. Schweig.—Ὡς δέ γε αἱ πρῶται οὐσίαι πρὸς τὰ ἄλλα ἔχουσιν, οὕτω καὶ τὸ εἶδος πρὸς τὸ γένος ἔχει ὑποκεῖται γὰρ τὸ εἶδος τῷ γένει [Transliteration text] (Aristot. Cat. c. 5.)
• εἰμαρμένη (fatalis necessitas, fatum, Cic.), destiny, necessity.
• ἐκκλίσεις, aversions, avoidance, the turning away from things; the opposite of ὀρέξεις.
• ἔμψυχα, τά, things which have life.
• ἐνέργεια, action, activity.
• ἕννοια, ἕννοιαι, notio, notiones (Cic.), or "notitiae rerum;" notions of things. (Notionem appello quam Graeci tum έννοιαν, tum πρόληψιν, Cic.).
• ἕνωσις, ἡ, the unity.
• ἐπιστροφή, attention to an object.
• εὐθυμία, animi tranquillitas (Cic.).
• εὐμενές, τό, εὐμενεία, benevolence; εὐμενής sometimes means well-contented.
• εὔνοια, benevolence.
• ἐξουσία, power, faculty.
• ἐπακολούθησιν, κατὰ, by way of sequence.
• ἡγεμονικόν, τό, the ruling faculty or part; principatus (Cic.).
• θεωρήματα, percepta (Cic.), things perceived, general principles.
• καθήκειν, τό, duty, "officium."
• καλός, beautiful.
• κατάληψις, comprehension; cognitio, perceptio, comprehensio (Cic.).
• κατασκευή, constitution.
• κατορθώσεις, καταρθώματα recta, recte facta (Cic.); right acts, those acts to which we proceed by the right or straight road.
• κόσμος, order, world, universe.
• κόσμος, ὁ ὃλος, the universe, that which is the One and the all (vi. 25).
• κρίμα, a judgment.
• κυριεῦον τὸ ἔνδον, that which rules within (iv. 1), the same as τὸ ἡγεμονικόν. Diogenes Laertius vii., Zeno. ἡγεμονικόν δε εἔναι το κυριώτατον τῆς ψυχῆς.
• λογικά, τά, the things which have reason.
• λογικός, rational.
• λόγος, reason.
• λόγος σπερματικός, seminal principle.
• μέσα, τά, things indifferent, viewed with respect to virtue.
• νοερός, intellectual.
• νόμος, law.
• νοῦς, intelligence, understanding.
• οἴησις, arrogance, pride. It sometimes means in Antoninus the same as τῦφος but it also means "opinion."
• οἰκονομία (dispositio, ordo, Cic.) has sometimes the peculiar sense of artifice, or doing something with an apparent purpose different from the real purpose.
• ὅλον, τό, the universe, the whole: ἡ τῶν ὄλων φύσις.
• ὄντα, τά, things which exist; existence, being.
• ὄρεξις, desire of a thing, which is opposed to ἔκκλισις, aversion.
• ὁρμή, movement towards an object, appetite; appetitio, naturalis appetitus, appetitus animi (Cic.).
• οὐσία, substance (vi. 49). Modern writers sometimes incorrectly translate it "essentia." It is often used by Epictetus in the same sense as ὕλη. Aristotle (Cat. c. 5) defines οὐσία, and it is properly translated "substantia" (ed. Jul. Pacius). Porphyrius (Isag. c. 2): ἡ οὐσία ἀνωτάτω οὐσα τῷ μηδὲν πρὸ αὐτῆς γένος ἠν τὸ γενικώτατον.
• παρακολουθητικὴ δύναμις, ἡ, the power which enables us to observe and understand.
• πεῑσις, passivity, opposed to ἐνέργεια: also, affect.
• περιστάσεις, circumstances, the things which surround us; troubles, difficulties.
• πεπρωμένη, ἡ, destiny.
• προαίρεσις, purpose, free will (Aristot. Rhet. i. 13).
• προαίρετά, τά, things which are within our will or power.
• προαιρετικόν, τό, free will.
• πρόθεσις, a purpose, proposition.
• πρόνοια (providentia, Cic.), providence.
• σκοπός, object, purpose.
• στοιχεῖον, element.
• συγκατάθεσις (assensio, approbatio, Cic.), assent; συγκαταθέσεις (probationes, Gellius, xix. 1).
• συγκρίματα, things compounded (ii. 3).
• σύγκρισις, the act of combining elements out of which a body is produced, combination.
• σύνθεσις, ordering, arrangement (compositio).
• σύστημα, system, a thing compounded of parts which have a certain relation to one another.
• ὕλη, matter, material.
• ὑλικόν, τό, the material principle.
• ὑπεξαίρεσις, exception, reservation; μεθ᾽ ὑπεξαιρέσεως, conditionally.
• ὑπόθεσις, material to work on; thing to employ the reason on; proposition, thing assumed as matter for argument and to lead to conclusions. (Quaestionum duo sunt genera; alterum infinitum, definitum alterum. Definitum est, quod ὑπόθεσιν Graeci, nos causam: infinitum, quod θέσιν illi appellant, nos propositum possumus nominare. Cic. See Aristot. Anal. Post. i. c. 2).
• ὑποκείμενα, τά, things present or existing, vi. 4; or things which are a basis or foundation.
• ὑπόληψις, opinion.
• ὑπόστασις, basis, substance, being, foundation (x. 5). Epictetus has τὸ ὑποστατικὸν καὶ οὐσιῶδες. (Justinus ad Diogn. c. 2.)
• ὑφίστασθαι, to subsist, to be.
• φαντασίαι (visus, Cic.); appearances, thoughts, impressions (visa animi, Gellius, xix. 1): φαντασία ἐστὶ τύπωσις ἐν ψυχῄ.
• φάντασμα, seems to be used by Antoninus in the same sense as φαντασία. Epictetus uses only φαντασία.
• φανταστόν, that which produces a φαντασία: φανταστὸν τὸ τεπσιηκὸς τὴν φαντασίαν αίσθητόν.
• φύσις, nature.
• φύσις ἡ τῶν ὄλων, the nature of the universe.
• ψυχή, soul, life, living principle.
• ψυχὴ λογική, νοερά, a rational soul, an intelligent soul