Mathematical Notation
Mathematical Power
Name
1018 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
one quintillion
1015 or 1,000,000,000,000,000
one quadrillion
1012 or 1,000,000,000,000
one trillion
109 or 1,000,000,000
one billion
106 or 1,000,000
one million
103 or 1,000
one thousand
102 100
one hundred
101 or 10
ten
100 or 1
one
10-1 or 0.1
one tenth
10-2 or 0.01
one hundredth
10-3 or 0.001
one thousandth
10-6 or 0.000 001
one millionth
10-9 or 0.000 000 001
one billionth
10-12 or 0.000 000 000 001
one trillionth
10-15 or 0.000 000 000 000 001
one quadrillionth
10-18 or 0.000 000 000 000 000 001
one quintillionth
Metric Interrelationships
Conversions from a multiple or submultiple to the basic units of meters, liters, or grams can be done using the table. For example, to convert from kilometers to meters, multiply by 1,000 (9.26 kilometers equals 9,260 meters) or to convert from meters to kilometers, multiply by 0.001 (9,260 meters equals 9.26 kilometers)
Prefix
Symbol
Length,
Area
Volume
exa
E
1018
1036
1054
peta
P
1015
1030
1045
tera
T
1012
1024
1036
giga
G
109
1018
1027
mega
M
106
1012
1018
hectokilo
hk
105
1010
1015
myria
ma
104
108
1012
kilo
k
103
106
109
hecto
h
102
104
106
deka
da
101
102
103
basic unit
—
1 meter,
1 meter2
1 meter3
1 gram,
1 liter
deci
d
10-1
10-2
10-3
centi
c
10-2
10-4
10-6
milli
m
10-3
10-6
10-9
decimilli
dm
10-4
10-8
10-12
centimilli
cm
10-5
10-10
10-15
micro
u
10-6
10-12
10-18
nano
n
10-9
10-18
10-27
pico
p
10-12
10-24
10-36
femto
f
10-15
10-30
10-45
atto
a
10-18
10-36
10-54
Equivalents
Unit
Metric Equivalent
US Equivalent
acre
0.404 685 64 hectares
43,560 feet2
acre
4,046.856 4 meters2
4,840 yards2
acre
0.004 046 856 4 kilometers2
0.001 562 5 miles2 , statute
are
100 meters2
119.599 yards2
barrel (petroleum, US)
158.987 29 liters
42 gallons
barrel (proof spirits, US)
151.416 47 liters
40 gallons
barrel (beer, US)
117.347 77 liters
31 gallons
bushel
35.239 07 liters
4 pecks
cable
219.456 meters
120 fathoms
chain (surveyor's)
20.116 8 meters
66 feet
cord (wood)
3.624 556 meters3
128 feet3
cup
0.236 588 2 liters
8 ounces, liquid
degrees, celsius
(water boils at 100°C,
multiply by 1.8 and add 32
degrees, fahrenheit
subtract 32 and divide
(water boils at 212°F,
dram, avoirdupois
1.771 845 2 grams
0.062 5 ounces, avoirdupois
dram, troy
3.887 934 6 grams
0.125 ounces, troy
dram, liquid (US)
3.696 69 milliliters
0.125 ounces, liquid
fathom
1.828 8 meters
6 feet
foot
30.48 centimeters
12 inches
foot
0.304 8 meters
0.333 333 3 yards
foot
0.000 304 8 kilometers
0.000 189 39 miles, statute
foot2
929.030 4 centimeters2
144 inches2
foot2
0.092 903 04 meters2
0.111 111 1 yards2
foot3
28.316 846 592 liters
7.480 519 gallons
foot3
0.028 316 847 meters3
1,728 inches3
furlong
201.168 meters
220 yards
gallon, liquid (US)
3.785 411 784 liters
4 quarts, liquid
gill (US)
118.294 118 milliliters
4 ounces, liquid
grain
64.798 91 milligrams
0.002 285 71 ounces, avdp.
gram
1,000 milligrams
0.035 273 96 ounces, avdp.
hand (height of horse)
10.16 centimeters
4 inches
hectare
10,000 meters2
2.471 053 8 acres
hundredweight, long
50.802 345 kilograms
112 pounds, avoirdupois
hundredweight, short
45.359 237 kilograms
100 pounds, avoirdupois
inch
2.54 centimeters
0.083 333 33 feet
inch2
6.451 6 centimeters2
0.006 944 44 feet2
inch3
16.387 064 centimeters3
0.000 578 7 feet3
inch3
16.387 064 milliliters
0.029 761 6 pints, dry
inch3
16.387 064 milliliters
0.034 632 pints, liquid
kilogram
0.001 tons, metric
2.204 623 pounds, avdp.
kilometer
1,000 meters
0.621 371 19 miles, statute
kilometer2
100 hectares
247.105 38 acres
kilometer2
1,000,000 meters2
0.386 102 16 miles2 , statute
knot (1 nautical mi/hr)
1.852 kilometers/hour
1.151 statute miles/hour
league, nautical
5.559 552 kilometers
3 miles, nautical
league, statute
4.828 032 kilometers
3 miles, statute
link (surveyor's)
20.116 8 centimeters
7.92 inches
liter
0.001 meters3
61.023 74 inches3
liter
0.1 dekaliter
0.908 083 quarts, dry
liter
1,000 milliliters
1.056 688 quarts, liquid
meter
100 centimeters
1.093 613 yards
meter2
10,000 centimeters2
1.195 990 yards2
meter3
1,000 liters
1.307 951 yards3
micron
0.000 001 meter
0.000 039 4 inches
mil
0.025 4 millimeters
0.001 inch
mile, nautical
1.852 kilometers
1.150 779 4 miles, statute
mile2 , nautical
3.429 904 kilometers2
1.325 miles2 , statute
mile, statute
1.609 344 kilometers
5,280 feet or 8 furlongs
mile2 , statute
258.998 811 hectares
640 acres or 1 section
mile2 , statute
2.589 988 11 kilometers2
0.755 miles2 , nautical
minim (US)
0.061 611 52 milliliters
0.002 083 33 ounces, liquid
ounce, avoirdupois
28.349 523 125 grams
437.5 grains
ounce, liquid (US)
29.573 53 milliliters
0.062 5 pints, liquid
ounce, troy
31.103 476 8 grams
480 grains
pace
76.2 centimeters
30 inches
peck
8.809 767 5 liters
8 quarts, dry
pennyweight
1.555 173 84 grams
24 grains
pint, dry (US)
0.550 610 47 liters
0.5 quarts, dry
pint, liquid (US)
0.473 176 473 liters
0.5 quarts, liquid
point (typographical)
0.351 459 8 millimeters
0.013 837 inches
pound, avoirdupois
453.592 37 grams
16 ounces, avoirdupois
pound, troy
373.241 721 6 grams
12 ounces, troy
quart, dry (US)
1.101 221 liters
2 pints, dry
quart, liquid (US)
0.946 352 946 liters
2 pints, liquid
quintal
100 kilograms
220.462 26 pounds, avdp.
rod
5.029 2 meters
5.5 yards
scruple
1.295 978 2 grams
20 grains
section (US)
2.589 988 1 kilometers2
1 mile2 , statute or 640 acres
span
22.86 centimeters
9 inches
stere
1 meter3
1.307 95 yards3
tablespoon
14.786 76 milliliters
3 teaspoons
teaspoon
4.928 922 milliliters
0.333 333 tablespoons
ton, long or deadweight
1,016.046 909 kilograms
2,240 pounds, avoirdupois
ton, metric
1,000 kilograms
2,204.623 pounds, avdp.
ton, register
2.831 684 7 meters3
100 feet2
ton, short
907.184 74 kilograms
2,000 pounds, avoirdupois
township (US)
93.239 572 kilometers2
36 miles2 , statute
yard
0.914 4 meters
3 feet
yard2
0.836 127 36 meters2
9 feet2
yard3
0.764 554 86 meters3
27 feet3
yard3
764.554 857 984 liters
201.974 gallons
