The Writings of Carl Schurz/Index

by Carl Schurz and others

 

INDEX

Prepared by Mary Stevens Beall

A

Abbott, Judge, IV., 348

Abolitionists, III., moral and physical courage needed by, 12, 13

Adams, Brooks, III., 225

Adams, Charles Francis, Jr., II., 368, 380, 447; III., to, 1; from, 156; to, 157; from, 215; to 216; to, 258; to, 348; to, 362; to, 409; to, 415; IV., 220; VI., to, 1; to, 36; to, 46; to, 121; from, 257; to, 260; from, 263; to, 264; to, 281; from, 286; president, committee of anti-imperialists, 289, 296; to, 302; to, 306; to, 307; to, 308

Adams, Charles Francis, Sr., I., 47; III., suggested as Presidential candidate, 156, 218, 219, 220, 223, 224, 413; VI., unwittingly insulted by Sumner, 286

Adams, Henry, IV., will entertain Schurz, 494

Adams, John, I., 93, 96; III., 296, 302; IV., 317; V., member, convention to revise Massachusetts constitution, 435; VI., and the Continental Congress, 252 Adams, John Quincy, III., 19, 311; V., 162; Webster supports the Administration of, 436; did not send Webster to Court of St. James, 439, 440

Adams, John Quincy, 2d, IV., advises Lodge to declare for Blaine, 220; mentioned by Cleveland for Cabinet position, 348

Adams (D.D.), William, III., 232

Addicks, John Edward, VI., Roosevelt disgusted with, 380; and then his friend and ally, 381

Address to the people, III., 240; political corruption, 241; irredeemable paper currency cause of lack of prosperity, 242; degrading effect of the spoils system, 243; need of reform, 244; President must be a man of known integrity, 246; coöperation to influence patriotic public opinion, 248

Adler, Dr., VI., speaks on the Philippines, 303

Agoncillo, VI., protests against Treaty of Paris, 15

Aguinaldo, VI., 65, 81, 82; organizes his government, 83, 90, 94, 96, 105, 107, 118; invited to join Dewey, 159, 222, 226; Filipinos coöperating with United States troops, 247

Aiken, Wm. A., V., to, 142

Alabama case, III., 46

Alaska, V., purchase of, 193; VI., 5, 9, 134, 217

Alcorn, James Lusk, II., 471

Aldrich, Nelson Wilmarth, VI., 275

Allen, Lieutenant-Commander, II., 21O

Allen, William, III., 156, 157, 166, 170, 171, 172, 177, 183, 184, 185, 188, 193, 197, 215, 239, 254, 320

Allison, Miss Emma, III., to, 501

Altgeld, Governor, VI., 264

Althaus, Friedrich, I., 1 n.; to, 28, 36

Alvensleben, von, V., 7

American Protective Association (A. P. A.), V., as a campaign issue, 232, 242

Americanism, True, I., 48; gunpowder and the printing-press the avant-couriers of the Reformation, 52; characteristics of the different nationalities settling the new world, 53; their blending, 54; the spirit of individualism, 55; the dominant Anglo-Saxon traits, 56; America the Republic of equal rights, 57; the Roman and the American Republic contrasted 58; identity of interests guarantee a republic's stability, 59; difficulties to be conquered, 60; self-government only to be learned by practising it, 61; toleration, the key-note of American institutions, 62; slavery, a menace to the life of the Republic, 63; restriction ultimately destroys the thing restricted, 64; nothing wrong in principle, right in practice, 65; danger in the sacrifice of principle to political expediency, 65, 66; border ruffians of Kansas terrorize the free-State men, 66; class distinctions subversive of natural rights, 67; force, privilege, expediency, the foes of republican government, 68; Sumner a true American, 69; prominence in national affairs of Massachusetts, 70; Western Republicanism, 71; the right to freedom and self-government inherent in man, 72

Ames, Representative, II., 465, 466; movement to propose as governor of Massachusetts, IV., 459

Amnesty, II., time ripe for, 312; general, 320; the South slow to recuperate after the war, 323; necessity of good government, 324; the franchise a necessity, though not exercised intelligently, 326; the educated voter debarred by “political disabilities,” 329; policy suggested by common-sense, 331; arguments in favor of continuing the disabilities, 332; leniency at the close of the war, 334; lesson drawn from the story of Absalom, 335; civil vs. political offenders, 337; argument in favor of the three excluded classes, 339; against making and preserving lists of the pardoned, 343; against making any exceptions, 344; the real punishment of the South, 345; difference in sufferings of the North and South, 346; the whole American people to be benefited, 349; the lesson of the civil war, 350; what the flag should symbolize, 352; brothers because equal in political rights, 353; granted, with restrictions, 397; not desired by Grant, 420

Anderson, Chandler P., VI., to, 424

Anderson, Ellery, V., 245

Anderson, T. C., III., 119

Anderson, Brig.-Gen. Thos. M., VI., writes to Aguinaldo, 83, 162; reports to Secretary of War, 165; interview with Aguinaldo, 227

Andrassy, Count, II., 338

Andrew (Governor), John Albion, I., 47; president of Emigration Society, 275; to meet Schurz in New York, 276; IV., 450

Angell, James Burrill, V., 133

Annexation V., of tropical countries, to be decided by popular vote, 530

Anthony, Henry Bowen, II., 500

Anti-Blaine speech contains the whole case, IV., 285; great demands for German edition of, 286

Anti-Grant and Pro-Greeley, why, II., 392; tasks for the Administration at the close of the civil war, 393; neglected opportunities, 394; proper method of renationalizing the South, 395; “Carpetbag” government, 396; restricted amnesty, bayonet and Ku-Klux laws, 397; Carpetbaggerdom, 399; Republicans failure to win the South, 401; Grant's conspicuous nepotism, 401, 417, 421, 423; Santo Domingo scheme, 402, 418, 420, 423; civil service reform, 404; decline of the Republican party, 407; New York customhouse scandal, 408; sale of arms to French agents, 409; charges against the Secretary of the Navy and against Government officers at New Orleans, 410; incriminating documents lost or withheld, war-vessels sent to Santo Domingo, 411, 419; party to be served at any cost, 412; favorable conditions when Grant came into office, 413; selects his Cabinet, 416; distributes offices, 417; desires reëlection, 420; subjection of the Republican party, 421, 425; Grant's fondness for amusements, 422; his faults those of ignorance and self-will, 423; danger in apathy, 427; nomination of Greeley and Brown, 428; overthrow of party despotism, 430; defeat of Grant, first step toward reform, 432; tariff and civil service reform under Greeley, 434, 435; the benefit and the evil of enfranchising the colored man of the South, 437; attitude of the young South, 438; National reconciliation the great desideratum, 440; the era of new political parties, 441; the result, a non-partisan Administration, 442

Anti-Imperialist League, American, VI., platform of, 77 n.; Chicago Conference of, 121; Philadelphia Conference, 150; should issue an address, 275

Anti-Imperialist League of N. Y., VI., petition of, 302; Moorfield Storey becomes president of, 428

Anti-imperialistic Executive Committee, VI., to call a meeting, 266; the purpose of, 289 n.

Anti-imperialists, VI., crusade and speakers, 192; to speak only on important occasions, 444

Anti-Lecompton Democrat, I., 90

Antilles, Confederation of, V., 519

Anti-reform movement in Democratic party, IV., 409

Anti- and pro-slavery parties, I., 29

Anti-slavery, I., 36, 42, 44, 77; old chieftain of, 116; sentiment strong in St. Louis, 122; Schurz an advocate of, 123, 146, 153, 154, 155, 170, 190; policy of, 233; advocated by every European nation, 236; III., 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 42, 46, 53, 330; IV., 24, 181, 220, 249, 269, 273; championed by Franklin, 342; V., 405, 419, 443; supporters of, turn against Webster, 444; VI., party of, joined by Schurz, 42, 189, 302; its betrayal by President Johnson suspected, 326

Anti-Tammany Democrats, V., supporting Hill for governor, 237

Anti-Tammany organizations, V., 233

Appleton & Co., III., 116

Arbitration, International, V., 260; disputes settled by, have stayed settled, 261; eternal watchfulness the price of European peace, 262; practically unassailable position of United States, 263; not more war-ships but more merchant vessels, 267; importance of permanent system of, between Great Britain and the United States, 269; Alabama case settled by, 271; United States natural champion of, 275; VI., additional views on, 424, 436 n., 437 et seq.

Arbitration Treaty, V., signing of, 339, 367; VI., between Germany and the United States, 445

Arco, Count, V., conversation of, with Schurz on the Samoan business, 1-7, 9, 10

Armed or unarmed peace, V., 398; building of big Navy urged as peace measure, 399; peace long continued promotes effeminacy and destroys patriotism, 400; United States does not need a great Navy, 401; needs only enough for police duty, 402

Armenian atrocities, VI., 434, 437

Armstrong, Captain, IV., 134

Arthur, Chester A., IV., 146, 147, 201, 202, 203, 365; V., 83, 149, 150

Ashburton treaty, V., 442

Astyanax, II., 309

Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé R. R., IV., 177, 189

Atkinson, Edward, III., to, 481, 498; VI., to, 430

Autobiography, Schurz, IV., suggested by Hayes, 479; begun, 480

B

Babcock (General), Orville E., II., 431

Bacon, Captain, IV., 407, 408 n.

Bacon, Dr., III., 232

Bacon, Theodore, V., 521, 525

Baez (President), Buenaventura, II., government of, upheld by United States, 72; the logical consequence, 78; treaty with, 179; Dominican Republic hostile to, 180, 186; aided by United States, 189, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 217, 2l8, 222, 224, 225, 226, 236, 244, 418

Bailey, III., gives information as to scheme of Chandler to be again a Senator, 405

Baker, Edward Dickenson, I., killed at Ball's Bluff, 220

Baker, representative, III., 118

Ball, Rev. Dr., IV., 222

Baltimore Convention, II., 375, 379, 380, 384, 439, 447

Bancroft, Frederic, I., viii., 223 n.

Bancroft, George, V., 128, 133

Banks, Governor, I., 46, 47, 75, 76

Banks, National, see Currency

Barrett, John, VI., Minister to Siam, 86, 159, 247

Barstow, Governor, I., 23

Bates, Edward, I., as a possible Presidential candidate, 107, 111, 113

Baxter, N., Jr., II., signs letter to Schurz from over two hundred ex-Confederate soldiers, 307

Bayard, Thomas F., III., to, 225; to, 507; from, 508; IV., from, 146; from, 151; to, 205; from, 208; to, 213; suggested by Beecher in Cleveland's place, 222; from, 291; to, 291; to, 296; consulted by Cleveland, 304; spoken of, for Cabinet position, 348; political affiliations, a bar to secretaryship of the Treasury, 349; wide reputation in Democratic party, 352; possessed of statesmanlike qualities, 353; asked to protest against Whitney's being a Cabinet officer, 355; Lamar to discuss Schurz's letter with, 359; to, 420; to, 437; from, 439; to, 442; from, 477; to, 493; to, 506; V., to, 1; from, 7; official conduct of, being secretly inquired into by the Senate, 9; to, 9; to, 15; from, 16; from, 17; from, 333; to 338; from, 458; to, 464

Beach, James, II., 29

Bear's Ear, IV., 108

Beattie, IV., surveyor, port of New York, 407

Beauregard (General), Pierre Gustave Toutant, I., 464

Bechtner, Paul, IV., to, 275

Beecher (Rev.), Henry Ward, I., 415; from, 222; to, 222; agrees with Schurz concerning Cleveland, 224 n.

Belknap, Wm. W. (Secretary of War), III., 124, 133, 222, 224, 281, 292; V., sanctioned sale of arms, 37

Bell, Alonzo, IV., from, 147

Bell, John, I., 137

Benton-Stone case, IV., 465 and n., 468, 475

Benton, Thomas Hart, III., 179

Berlin, V., man of culture, as Minister to, 128, 129

Berlin Conference, V., in re Samoa, 3, 7, 10, 16, 18

Big Bull, IV., 109

Big Snake, IV., killing of, 148, see also letter to Henry L. Dawes, February 7, 1881

Biglin, Barney, IV., 349

Bill of Indictment, the, I., 162 and n.

Billings, Frederick, III., 232; from, 408

Bird Club, III., 115

Bird, F. W., III., to, 229

Bird, Mrs. F. W., III., 230

Birney, William, VI., as Presidential nominee, 203, 204

Bismarck, Prince, IV., praised by the Kaiser, 498, 499; 503, 507, 508, 509; V., Samoan business, 1, 3, 5, 10, 16; VI., 357

Bissell, W. S., V., 176; to, 249,

Björnson, Björnstjerne, V., to, 513

Black, Governor, V., 520

Blaine, James G., III., 218, 219, 220, 232, 239, 283, 287; Blaine letters, 386, 388, 402, 419, 421, 506; IV., as a civil service reformer, 154, 155, 156; Kansas strongly for, 200; Schurz doubts his carrying New York, 201; nomination of, might mean breaking up of the party, 202; nomination of, likely, 203; large coampaign fund at disposal of, 206; election of, a calamity, 207, 208, 212, 214, 215, 216; not a weak candidate, 206,210; Lodge feels compelled to vote for, 219; Why James G. Blaine should not be President, 224; his election would mean that honesty is no longer an essential for public officials, 226; Little Rock and Fort Smith R. R. and the “Mulligan Letters,” 227-240; Northern Pacific R. R., land-grant case, 242, 243; test proposed to determine truth of accusations, 243; intending voters for Blaine urged to consider, 245; increasing laxity in public and private integrity, 246; duties to country superior to duties to party, 249; Blaine likened to Washington and Lincoln, 250; standard of official honor would be lowered by Blaine's election, 253; official obliquity must be punished at the polls, 256; a Blaine victory worse in its consequences than the worst predicted of a Democratic election, 256; willing to support Hendricks, 258; Republican principles defeated by Blaine's nomination, 260; the benefit of a change in party ascendancy, 260; defense of Cleveland, 262; his executive ability, 264; early days of the Republican party, 269; campaign issues of 1884 not partisan but National, 270; Walker writes defense of, 274; enters suit for libel, 275; testimony against, reviewed by Schurz, 276 et seq.; gets Little Rock bonds without paying for them, 284, 285; something to come out, 286; serenade speech, a mistake, 294; would again be defeated by Cleveland, 467; weakest candidate Republicans could nominate, 468; repudiated in 1884 by many Republicans, 469; case with Brazil, 477; as probable Presidential candidate in 1888, 492; his chances if opposed by Cleveland, 493; if nominated, Schurz will work against him 507; V., supposed attitude of, in Samoan affairs, 4; probable Secretary of State, 13; will advise as to American envoys to Berlin Conference, 17; appears much enfeebled, 18; on the tariff question, 48-50; New York conference contributory to defeat of, 83

Blair (Colonel), III., 422

Blair (General), Frank P., I., references to speech of, 451, 461, 466; II., defeats the “liberal movement,” 362, 365, 448, 449; VI., helps to keep Missouri in the Union, 298

Bliss, George, IV., 349

Blodgett, Foster, III., 146

“Bloody shirt,” IV., 403

Boer, pro-, mass-meeting, VI., 278 n.; treated with severity by the English, 279; American condemnation of such treatment, 280

Bohlen, (General), Henry, I., 220.

“Bolting Republicans,” I., 510-518, 520, 521

Bolton (Mrs.), Sarah, I., 13

Bonaparte, Charles J., VI., 136

Bonaparte, Napoleon, I., 101, 152, 238; IV., as conqueror of Prussia, 499; VI., and Spain, 158, 174; lives lost in the wars of, 434

Booth and the fugitive-slave law case, I., 108, 109

Booth (Governor), Newton, III., 225

Boreman, Arthur Ingraham, II., 144

Bossism, V., how it may be crippled, 526

Boss-rule, IV., 86, 88

Boston, I., 46, 47, 48, 49; III., 1, 114, 115

Boulanger, General, VI., plotted against French Republic, 56

Bourbons, II., 375, 379

Boutwell, George Sewall, II., and the currency question, 492; VI., opposes third ticket, 201, 202; paper on imperialism by, approved by Cleveland, 301

Bowen, Henry C., IV., to, 272

Bowker, R. R., IV., to, 285

Bowles, Samuel, II., from, 353; from, 368; to, 369; political views of, coincide with those of Schurz, 381; supports Greeley, 388; III., to, 113; from, 115; to, 217; to, 219; to, 224; from, 408; from, 413; to, 414; to, 416

Bowman of Kentucky, IV., 83

Braddock's defeat, IV., Franklin's help to the expedition, 325, 326, 346

Bradford, Rear-Admiral, VI., testifies before Peace Commission, 164

Brandon (General), W. L., I., 345; VI., 322

Breckinridge, John Cabell, I., attitude of, toward slavery, 138, 140, 142, 232

Brewer, Gardner, I., 46

Brice, James, Jr., III., 117

Bridge, Samuel J., II., 139

Bright, John, III., representative Englishman, 46; VI., and free trade, 364

Bright Eyes, IV., 68, 109, 147, 148

Brimmer, Martin, III., 248

Bristow, Benjamin H., III., and the Independents, 218; to, 220; from, 221; as probable Presidential candidate, 223, 224; to, 226; growing in favor in Michigan, 230, 239; nomination favored by Independents, 250; nomination defeated, 334, 335; suggested by Schurz for Secretary of the Treasury, 379; may be ruled out of Hayes Cabinet, 388; more Cabinet rumors, 390; recommended for Cabinet, by Schurz, 392, 393, 394, 398, 399; Ohio Republicans oppose, 401 n.; Hayes Cabinet not yet announced, 402, 403, 406; from, 409; from, 410; to, 416; to, 417; from, 418; to, 419; to, 419; from, 422; V., nomination of, not effected by Fifth Avenue Hotel Conference, 83

Brooklyn Independent Republican Committee, IV., 409

Brooks, E. J., IV., 97, 98

Brooks, Preston, sudden death of, I., 30; III., attacks Sumner in the Senate, 29, 32; cartoon, 57

Brown, Albert G., I., 131

Brown, Charles, vs. the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, IV., 169, 184

Brown, B. Gratz, I., 276; from, 521; II., 2; nominated for governor, 32, 42, 50; agreement between Greeley, Blair and, 362, 368; Greeley denies communication with, 382, 383; nominated Vice-President, 428

Brown, Governor (Ga.), I., 254

Brown, Henry Armitt, III., to, 153

Brown, John, I., 154, 155

Brown (Jr.), Neill S., I., signs letter to Schurz from over two hundred ex-Confederate soldiers, 307

Bruce, Blanche K., IV., 89

Bruce, Sir Fred., I., 375

Bryan, Wm. Jennings, V., change in basis of United States monetary system advocated by, 287; monetary policy of, 291; effect of election of, to Presidency, 294; some free-silver utterances of, 296, 301, 308, 311, 312, 313, 320; ways of the gold-bug, 320; store of misinformation accumulated by, 330; VI., anti-imperialist, 121, 190; defeat of 1896, 191, 192; losing votes through free-coinage of silver plank, 199; not affected by third ticket, 202; speech by, commended 202; letter of acceptance likely to do harm, 203; as Presidential candidate in 1896 and 1900, in reference to the silver question, 204-213; averse to pledging himself to non-interference with the money standard, 256; adheres to bimetalism, 257; financial dangers attending election of, 258; silver debate closed by defeat of, 259; if defeated, his own fault, 264, 265; praise of speech at Indianapolis, 264, 266; evil genius of anti-imperialistic party, 276

Bryanism, V., Republican party a bulwark against, 451, 475

Bryant, Wm. Cullen, III., 225, 229

Bryce, James, IV., to, 286; V., friendship of, for the United States, 477; VI., from, 47; true friendship of, 107

Bryson, O. C, II., 472

Buchanan, James, I., and the slavery question, 24, 29; dissatisfaction in Democratic party, 30, 34; protest against Administration of, 37; slavery in the territories, 86; agitation in the North, 140; sympathizes with the South, 173; Washington may be seized by secessionists, 178; II., corruption in office during Administration of, 139; annexation of Texas, 220; war powers asked by, 243; III., election of, defeats anti-slavery movement, 29; feud of Douglas and, 321; V., triumph of slave-power during Administration of, 394

Buckingham, William A., II., 335

Buell, General, I., 216, 217, 220

Bullock, Governor (Ga.), III., 136, 146, 225, 229

Bunce, F. M., Lieutenant-Commander, II., 211

Bunker Hill, Centennial celebration of battle of, III., 154

Burke, Edmund, VI., espouses the cause of the colonists, 117, 176

Burke, United States district attorney, Indiana, V., 134, 135, 137, 138

Burlingame, Anson, I., 47, 167

Burnett, General, III., 220

Burr, Aaron, V., 244

Burt (Colonel), Silas W., IV., 305; to, 351; quoted by Schurz, 421; to, 448

Burton, Pomeroy, VI., to, 301; to, 305

Butler, Benjamin F., I., 181, 232, 300; II., 404; IV., inflationist, 26; 219, 283; governor of Massachusetts and Presidential candidate, 283

Butler-Kelly combination, IV., 213, 214

Butler, Senator (South Carolina), III., 30

Butterworth, Benjamin, V., 66

Bynum, William D., V., anti-spoils-system talk of, 176

C

Cabral, II., 78, 208, 211, 221, 222, 225

Cahoon, B. B., III., to, 222; to, 300; IV., to, 183; V., to, 11

Calderon, Francisco Garcia, I., 202

Caldwell, Alexander, II., speech on resolution declaring, was not duly and legally elected a Senator, 450-472

Caldwell, IV., interested in Little Rock and Fort Smith R. R., 227, 228, 230, 231, 232, 276, 277, 278, 284

Calhoun, John C., I., 136; II., 191, 192, 194, 198, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 216, 219, 239; V., 165

California, V., statehood asked with constitution prohibiting slavery, 442, 443

Cameron, James Donald, III., 390, 391

Cameron, Simon, I., 162; II., 479, 501, 515-522, 527; III., 281, 283, 287, 391

Campbell, Hugh J., III., 119

Canada, V., and annexation, 196; as a British possession, 202

Canby (General), Edward Richard Sprigg, I., 293, 300, 329

Carlisle, John G., IV., 222, 350; V., 135; financial situation, 177; approves extending civil service to division chiefs, 178

Carlisle, Logan, V., boasts of removing Republicans to make room for Democrats, 178

Carnegie, Andrew, V., from, 531; VI., 37; to, 292

Carpenter, Matthew H., I., to, 520; II., 79, 460, 465

Carpetbag government, II., 396, 399; III., 89; IV., 372, 373, 374; V., 72, 116, 117; VI., 328-330

Caruthers, V., 142

Cary (General), Samuel Fenton, III., Greenbacker, 193, 197, 254; IV., 26

Caseras, General, II., 211

Casey, II., 404, 421

Casserly, Eugene, II., 113, 138

Castillo, Canovas del, V., assassination of, 412

Census, VI., wastefulness in taking: incompetence of Congressional appointees, 128

Century Magazine, V., 494 n.

Chaffee, Jerome B., IV., 3; VI., as Vice-Presidential nominee, 202

Chamberlain (Governor), Daniel Henry, III., 220, 412; VI., a foe to continental expansion of United States, 121

Chambrun, I., 278

Chandler, Zachariah, III., and the chairmanship of the National Committee, 260, 261, 281; a prominent leader, 283; people desire change, 287; scheme of, to return to the Senate, 405; IV., ruling of, as Secretary of the Interior, 169, 184, 187, 188

Chase (Chief Justice), Salmon P., I., visits the South, 276; III., anti-slavery, 24, 26

Chatham, Lord, IV., praises Franklin, 329; VI., friendly to the Americans, 117, 176

Chicago, I., great political excitement in, 109; Republican victory, 111; platform of 1860, 169, 172, 215; convention, 1864, declares war a failure, 230; V., Germany one of the foremost exhibitors at Exposition, 187; VI., Schurz delivers speech before University of, 1

Chief Joseph, IV., 140

China, VI., trade of, 28, 110, 180; war against, 248; military operations, 355, 397; united action of Powers in, during Boer troubles, 439

Chinese, VI., 436 n.

Christiancy, Isaac P., III., appointment to the Supreme Bench of, part of a scheme, 405

Cincinnati, III., and “hard” money 1, 161

Cincinnati Convention of 1872, II., 361, 368, 369, 371, 373, 379, 381, 386, 387, 388, 397, 427, 428, 429, 436, 440, 443, 444, 446, 447, 449; Convention of 1876, III., 258, 259, 282, 406

Cincinnati movement, II., 427, 431, 432, 433, 439, 444

Cincinnati nominations, II., 376, 378, 382

Cincinnati platform of 1872, II., 372, 375, 430, 433, 441; of l8 76, III., 250

Cincinnati ticket, II., 369, 372, 374, 375, 377, 381, 449

Civil service commission, II., 372; law, 382, 383

Civil service law, VI., widened for readmission of spoils politics in the public service, 112, 129

Civil service reform, II., 49, 50, 51, 59, 61, 65, 67, 122; distribution of offices, 123; the incoming of a new Administration, 124; defects in the system of appointing, 126; “the man to be provided for,” 130; Lincoln and government offices, 132; New York customhouse, 133; case of the apple-woman, 135; bribes, 136, 140; customhouse at San Francisco, 136; losses through inexperienced officials, smugglers and ex-officials, 141; debasing effect of the spoils system, 142; congressmen as candidates, 145; after election, 147; honesty and the spoils system, 149, 154; the Executive and the spoils system, 151; a political proletariat, 153, 170; venality created by the spoils system, 154; board of civil service commissioners, 156; mixed political character of board, 158; competitive examinations, 159; vacancies, 160; tenure of office, 164; testimonials of efficiency, 166; officers not affected by civil service reform, 167; tenure of office in early days of the Republic, 170; spoils system too powerful for Presidential reform or control, 171; reform and Republican form of government, 172; danger in moneyed corporations, 174; need of reform, 175, 259, 292, 314, 317, 385, 404 et seq., 420, 424, 434, 435, 445, 448; III., 50, 139, 250, 254, 255, 268, 270, 271, 273, 274, 277, 279, 286, 292, 354, 373, 378, 393, 418; V., failure of Harrison to redeem his pledges in reference to, 120; upheld by Cleveland, 125; letters to Jacob H. Gallinger, Aug. 16, and Oct. 1, 1897; the Post-office Department, 249; principles of, defended in Congress by McKinley, 329; as President, promises to develop, 342. See Schurz to McKinley, Oct. 17 and Dec. 24, 1897; in 1899, VI., 122; objects and duties of the League, 123; arraignment of McKinley Administration, 125; order of May 29th, 125, 129, 130, 141, 142, 143, 148; case of the “shipping commissioners” discussed, 130-134; the Alaskan service, 134; deputy internal revenue collectors, 135; introduction of merit system in the Interior Department, 140; far-reaching consequences of the backward step, 141-143; levying of campaign assessments, 145; civil service reform in New York, 147; Parker urged to state views on, 356. See also Hayes vs. Tilden, III., 290; IV., 1, 2, 13, 27, 39, 45, 46, 154, 195, 265, 288, 289, 290, 401, 403, 407, 441, 445

Civil Service Reform Association, IV., 404, 424, 435; of Indiana, IV., 454

Civil service reform movement, IV., 87

Civil service reform and democracy, V., 143; office-hunting throng after a party victory, 146; classified service, 149; when civil service law was enacted, 149; whose the credit for faithful carrying out of the law, 150; growth of the system, 150; employees still to be brought under the rules, 151; law constantly being extended, 152; Cleveland's views on, 152; what may be expected of Cleveland's Administration, 154; relation between civil service reform and Democracy, 155; what the spoils system asks of a candidate, and what civil service reform asks, 156; England, the spoils system and reform, 158; Jefferson's claim of removing only for cause, 161; four-year rule absurd when applied to business, 163; spoils and Tammany, 170; good politics, 171; Cleveland its great supporter, 174

Civil service reform and the “Black Act,” V., 373; competitive examinations, 374; evils of spoils system and fallacy of plea for discretionary power for those making appointments, 375; Schurz's personal experience in Congress and as head of a Department, 376; instituted competitive examinations for his own protection and the good of the service, 377; only competitive examinations place public office within reach of those without influence, 380; merit and fitness to be decided by different examiners, 382; how the machinery will work, 386; Gruber's systematic philosophy of American politics, 392; duty of the governor, 395

Claiborne, William Charles Cole, II., 231

Clarendon-Johnson treaty, III., 46

Clarke, Enos, VI., to, 441

Clarke, James Freeman, III., 421; IV., from, 114

Clarke, W. H., IV., to, 436; from, 436 n.

Clarkson (Postal Service), V., removals by, 140, 171

Clarkson, J. M., VI., made surveyor, port of New York, 381

Clarkson, Thomas, abolitionist, III., 46

Clay, Henry, III., last words of, in United States Senate, 14; entrance into public life, 15; originator of measures and policies, 16; reasons for advocating compromise, 23; end of an epoch, 24; V., and the tariff, 46, 47, 67, 360, 436; urges repeal of four-year rule, 165; compromise, 438; failure of, to become President, 440; concessions to slave-power, 443; a slaveholder but believing in anti-slavery teachings, 444; death of, 446; VI., 362

Clay, Henry, IV., Schurz writing the life of, 156, 308, 400, 462; commended by readers and the press, 479, 481; V., read by Thurman with great interest, 81

Clayton, Powell, II., 420

Cleveland, Grover, IV., and the Presidential nomination, 206-214; stories derogatory to, 222, 223; with Hendricks for Vice-President, 258; can safely be supported by every friend of good government, 262; stories concerning, lack authoritative basis, 262, 272; his honest government made him bitter enemies, 263; his efforts to suppress graft, 264; as a civil service reformer, 265; exoneration of Blaine will operate against, 275; to, 288; friends must shield him from officeseekers, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 296; from, 297; to, 297; to, 305; talks about probable Cabinet appointments, etc., 348; appointments criticised, 355; to, 360; from, 363; to, 364; to, 367; to, 401; to, 404; to, 407; to, 408; will vote for Hill, 411; has rendered great service to the cause of reform, 412; to, 414; to, 421; “removals for cause only,” see Schurz's letters to Cleveland, Edmunds, Williams, McVeagh, Bayard and Codman; defended by Bayard, 439; criticised by Schurz, 444; growing popularity of, 448; held responsible for subordinates mistakes, 453, et seq.; to, 463; interview with Codman, 470; irritated at his critics, 474; writes letter of recommendation for Fellows, 489; tariff message wins him new friends, 492; V., and the Samoan business, 8; sends passports to Lord Sackville, 16 n.; tariff message, 67; nomination of, in 1892, desired, 82; conference to consider form of demonstration in favor of, 83; discusses renomination with Schurz, 84; to, 85; as the Democratic candidate, 101, 102; enthusiastic nomination of, 104; its lesson, 106; moral reason for his election, 111; opposes free coinage of silver, 114; Stevenson would be guided by, in letter of acceptance, 121, 122; reported interview with Tammany chiefs, 122; Schurz's Brooklyn letter, 123, 124; to, 124; to, 125; to, 127; from, 128; to, 129; to, 131; second inaugural, 127, 128, 129, 131, 133; from, 133; to, 134; from, 137; to, 138; from, 139; to, 139, 143, 150, 154, 155; called on to end the spoils system, 174; to, 177; caution of, with respect to Hawaiian annexation, 193; undermined by Hill, 237, 239, 243, 244, 246; attitude toward the Venezuelan question, 252, 265; with Bryan as President-elect, parity of gold and silver could not be maintained by, 294; from, 328; retaining in service efficient public officials, 329, 339, 408

Cleveland's, Grover, second Administration, V., 342; after defeat of 1888, practised law and did nothing to attract public attention, 343; sterling traits of character which endeared him to popular heart, 345; encounters bitter opposition in Congress, 346; business depression, 347; decrease in Government resources 348; confidence partially restored by prompt action of, 350; concessions of, to old party abuses, of no practical avail, 351; struggle to retain the silver purchase act, 353; firmness of, in demanding its immediate repeal, 354; the gold reserve, 355; the “bankers' syndicate,” 356; tariff message of 1887 gave the Democrats a definite policy, 359; chagrin of, at defeat of tariff reform, 361; Democratic defeat of 1894 leaves Cleveland with both Houses in opposition, 363; Hawaiian annexation scheme, 363-365; Venezuelan question, 365; arbitration treaty, 367; civil service reform during, 368; conscientious examining of bills presented for his signature, 369; Administration called a failure, 371; but a success in the light of history, 372; arraigned by Gallinger, 422, 423, 425; VI., 135, 191; Schurz has interview with, on imperialism, 301; election of, to restore slavery, 331; publishes an article against imperialism, 350; why good citizens loved him, 382; from, 444

Cleveland, Mrs., V., will be welcome as mistress again of the White House, 86; Schurz sends regards to, 124

Cobden Club, V., 64

Cobden, Richard, III., 46; VI., 372

Coburn, A. and P., IV., receive Little Rock securities, 281

Cochrane, John, II., 376, 383

Codman, Charles R., IV., from, 470; to, 474

Cole, Cornelius, II., 137, 168

Coleman, Hamilton Dudley, V., 74

Colfax, Schuyler, I., 167, 168, 449; II., 26, 195, 204; III., 39

Collins, Patrick, IV., 290

Combs, Leslie, I., to, 223

Committee of Thirty-three, I., 172, 176

Commonwealth Club, V., activity of, 13; Schurz speaks before, 14

Compromise of 1833, I., forerunner of disunion, 165

Congress, V., Cleveland urged to call extra session of, 129-131, 177

Congress and legislatures, IV., composition of, 286

Conklin, II., 25-28

Conkling, Roscoe, II., 134, 197; III., 281, 283, 287, 402, 507; IV., 3, 86, 87, 88, 146, 147; V., defends Administration in French Arms case, 35; resents Schurz's reply, 36

Conner, A. H., I., 162 n.

Conner (Commodore), David, II., 199

Conrad, Solicitor-General, VI., 136

Consular service VI., efforts to have it included under civil service law, 126

Continental Union, V., 528, 530

Conway, Assistant Commissioner, I., 293

Cooley, Judge, V., constitutionality of annexation, 206

Cooper, IV., 489

Cooper, Colonel, II., 135

Cooper, Peter, IV., 26

Cooper, Richard, I., 296

Coppoc (Coppie), Sergeant Edward, I., John Brown's raid, 155

Corwin, Thomas, I., introduces resolutions endorsing fugitive-slave law, etc., 169; Minister to Mexico, 205

Coudert, V., supports Hill for governor, 240, 245

Cox, Jacob Dolson, II., as to spoils system, 138, 146; to, 176; to, 254; from, 310; to, 314; III., to, 351; suggested for the Hayes Cabinet, 380; to, 383; to, 401; VI., in Grant's Cabinet, 285

Cragin, Aaron H., II., 168

Cramer, M. J., II. , and the diplomatic service, 421

Crampton, Sir John, I., 201

Crane, Governor (Massachusetts), VI., presents monster petition to Roosevelt, 352

Crawford, I., Unionist of Missouri, 295, 296

Crawford, William Harris, II., 526, V., 164

Credit Mobilier, II., investigation of, 464, 465, 466; III., 77, 182, 386

Creecy, I., and Congressional influence, 134

Crimean war, I., probable end of, 17; fall of Sebastopol, 22; VI., 120

“Criminal aggression,” V., 476, 478, 492, 514, 518; VI., 24, 80, 114, 117, 176, 177, 218, 221, 234, 241, 244, 260, 262

Crittenden resolutions, I., 172

Croker, Richard, V., 163, 167, 234, 240, 526; VI., 264

Crook, General, IV., 105

Crum (South Carolina), and government patronage, 109

Cuba, I., annexation of, 14, 17, 128, 142; II., 76, 77, 97, 98; III., 22; V., annexation of, desired, 191; consequences, 197; VI., 24; Cleveland and insurrection in, 365; how affected by assassination of Castillo, 412; Spain's efforts to keep possession of, 456; liberating of, 457; but not annexation, 458, 478; independence of, 472, 474, 475, 476; VI., 84, 93, 94, 113; imperialistic policy would demand its annexation, 484; if independent, would grant all commercial and industrial facilities asked for by United States, 489; VI., liberation of, 4, 34, 79, 159, 160, 166, 167; desired by the expansionists, 11, 12, 23; objects to compulsory benefits 65; liberation might have been accomplished peaceably, 155; similarity between Cuba and the Philippines, 168; army in Cuba, 173; promise to respect rights of, 177; one of a Confederation of the Antilles, 182; inferior to the Filipinos, 81, 185, 222, 246; at peace since liberation from Spain, 234; our trade with, increased, 239; as precedent for Philippines, 293; United States has kept faith with, 353; freed from Spanish rule, 434

Currency and national banks, II., 473; reasons urged for new issue of paper currency, 474; paper money of China, 476; failure wherever tried, 478; when paper money is valuable, 480; when necessary, 481; wage-earner of England, the United States and France, 482; no scarcity of money in our business centers, 484; irredeemable paper currency begets increase of speculation and gambling, 485, 489, 492; the West and South not benefited by expansion, 486; capital, the need of the South, 491; home prices regulated by foreign markets, 492; inflated currency adds a gambling risk to the price of each home-purchased article, 493; fallacy of more national banks for the West and South, 497; free-banking scheme, 500-508; difference between Bank of England and country-bank notes, and legal-tender and national-bank notes, 505; disturbance of values through an irredeemable currency, 507; inflation and rates of interest, 510; foreign investments in United States, 514; general law governing rates of interest, 522; summing up, 524; wage-earners most affected by a fluctuating currency, 530; III., 256, 257

Currency question, The, III., 422; paper currency from 1869 to 1873 inclusive, 424; causes of the crisis of 1873, 426; legitimate means to overcome money stringency, 428; requisites for a sound business foundation, 430; as to bonds and bondholders, 431; paying the National debt, 434; the necessity of a stable currency, 435; delay in resumption of specie payment, 439; fiat money, 443; gold the world's standard, 447; fiat money of other countries, 449; the “Ohio idea,” 451; business not depressed by contraction, 458; greenbacks, not a part of the wealth of the country, 459; silver coinage, 463; a well-regulated and safe banking-system necessary to prosperity, 466; reasons for not substituting greenbacks for national-bank notes, 473; can the national-bank system be called a monopoly? 475; resumption of specie payment, the duty of the hour, 478; IV., 33

Currency reform, V., 141, 152. See also Honest money

Curtis, George William, II., article on the “Credit Mobilier,” 466; III., and the Louisiana State elections, 356; predicts downfall of party, 359; suggested for place in the Hayes Cabinet, 379; to, 494; IV., at Chicago convention to nominate Edmunds, 219; from, 274; the reappointment of Pearson, 350, 351; how Cleveland's letter to, was understood, 414, 421, 471; from, 490; V., attends meeting to discuss Cleveland's renomination, 83; Schurz's tribute to, 143; Smith's hope concerning, 411; VI., remark of, describing how Sumner regarded difference of opinion, 286

Curtis, George William, VI., 403; claims the floor at the Chicago Convention of 1860, 404; destined for commercial pursuits, 406; joins the Brook Farm community, and later gives two years to study, 406; four years of travel, his literary work and style, 407; as a public-spirited citizen, 408; declined mission to England but accepts chairmanship of Civil Service Commission, 409; president, National Civil Service Reform League, reëlected from year to year, 410; left the Republican party when convinced it had grown corrupt, 411; political activity not allowed to interfere with editorial work, 412; his best work found in his orations and addresses, 413; the real patriot and patriotism, 415; proud of his country, 421

D

Dana, General, I., 254

Dana, Richard Henry, IV., extreme spoilsman, 474; VI., 285, 286

Davenport, IV., Republican nominee for governor of New York, 410, 411

Davidson, General, I., 293, 315

Davis, David, IV., 203

Davis, Garrett, II., 217

Davis, George W., I., 222 n.

Davis, Jefferson, I., 235, 438; II., 243, 244, 309, 340, 341; IV., 381, 383, 384, 438

Davis, Justice, IV., 174, 175, 187

Dawes, Henry L., II., 353; IV., case of the Ponca Indians, 60; to, 91, mentioned, 148

Day, William R., VI., purchase of the Philippines, 170

Death of a Child, On the, V., 37

Declaration of Independence, I., 3, 42, 58, 70, 91, et seq., 105, 233, 237; III., 26, 41, 241; IV., attributed to Franklin by France, 334; V., 505; VI., 10, 79 n., 152, 176, 180, 189, 215, 224, 232, 233, 236, 238, 253, 293, 361, 367, 375, 404, 405

Dement, R. S., IV., 426, 431, 432, 434

Democracy, I., discussed by Schurz, 138

Democratic House, VI., greatly desired in case of McKinley's reëlection, 263

Democratic National Convention, II., 366; III., 164, 165, 263, 264, 265; V., of 1892 and the nomination of Grover Cleveland, 344

Democratic papers, I., begin bitter warfare on Schurz, 40, 41, 161; III., 103, 104, 284, 310, 316

Democratic party, III., 99, 100, 101, 104, 105, 107, 108, 152, 157, 164, 167, 170, 174, 182, 262, 263, 264, 273, 277, 278, 281, 300, 316, 319, 351, 423; IV., 9, 10, 11, 12, 21, 26, 27, 31, 34, 37, 38, 39, 41, 87, 205, 207, 221, 298, 433, 438; important point gained by, under Cleveland 463; as a party, has not grown in strength, 464; lacking in courage and decision, 492; V., summarized by Schurz, 101; in New York, 241, 242, 243

Democratic platform, I., 157; III., 104, 108, 165, 168, 174; politicians, 166; trick, 284; vote, 138

Democrats, I., victorious in 1856, but discouraged, 24; support Douglas, 142; left in majority by Republicans going to war, 212; Lincoln supported by prominent, 215; high military positions given to, 216; II., 353, 374, 375, 378, 441, 446, 447; III., 13, 87, 96, 104, 106, 157, 163, 167, 177, 178, 182, 183, 184, 257, 280, 315, 347, 348, 396, 400, 451; IV., 23, 24, 26, 27, 183; defeat of, in 1884, would mean extinction of party, 214; V., joined by many negroes, 73; denounce Dudley's circular, 98; good and bad elements in, 101; suggestions for a platform, 231; VI., will try to shake off incubus of Bryan, 276

Denby, Colonel, VI., Philippine commissioner, 181

De Trobriand, General, III., 118, 119

Devens (Attorney-General), Charles, IV., 153, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178, 187, 188, 189, 191, 193

Dewey, George, VI., opinion of the Filipinos, 81, 185, 222, 246; invites coöperation of Aguinaldo, 82, 92, 93; honored by the nation, 118; war with Spain, 157, 159; condemned for attitude toward Aguinaldo, 190; knowledge of the Philippines desired by President, 221

Diaz, Porfirio, V., as ruler of Mexico, 199, 481; VI., 34, 106

Dickinson, Daniel S., I., 232

Dillon, M. W., VI., to, 276

Divver, Paddy, V., 240

Dix (Major-General), John Adams, I., 180, 181, 182

Dixon, I., defeats Sloan in Wisconsin, 111, 112, 114, 115

Dodge, Abigail, III., 421; IV., 154

Doherty, David J., VI., importance of report on the Philippines, 308

Donelson, II., 220

Dönhof, Count, IV., to, 507

Doolittle, James R., I., 77, 79 n., 113; letter to, 114, 167, 168, 399, 437, 439

Dorsey, IV., 83; VI., 262

Dorsheimer, William, IV., 209

Douglas, Stephen A., I., and the Illinois elections of 1858, 37; “popular sovereignty,” humbug, 39; chances against his being nominated by the Charleston Convention, 41, 111, 113; Lincoln's debates with, 121; opposed to associations hostile to slavery, 128, 134; Constitution as interpreted by, 137, 138, opponents of, 140; “great principle of non-intervention,” 141, 142, 148; widespread influence of Carl Schurz's speech against, 161 n.

Douglas and popular sovereignty, I., 79; compromise a failure, 80; Nebraska bill proves fallacy of Douglas's theory, 81; his definition of a slave, 82; Constitutional and local law discussed, 88; popular sovereignty, a “double-faced sophistry,” 89; Douglas's ambiguous position, 90; birth of the Declaration of Independence, 92; as explained by Douglas, 94; its real meaning, 98; Douglas cites “Jeffersonian plan,” 99; slavery excluded from first territory, 101; the true Jeffersonian plan, 102; Douglas without “moral convictions,” 104; slavery voted up or down, 105; the “great struggle between two antagonistic systems,” 106; III., Schurz praises Sumner's pluck, 28, 321

Drake, C. D., I., from, 480; to, 481; Grant entrusts his interests to, 520; II., made Chief Justice, Court of Claims, 1; Schurz's Senatorial colleague, 32 et seq., 48, 59; VI., controversy with, 443

Dred Scott decision, I., 128, 129, 135, 140, 157; V., 394

Dreyfus outrage discredited the name of republic, VI., 25, 56, 118

Drury (Louisiana legislature), III., 118

Duddenhausen, IV., restoration of, to office, 451

Dudley, Wm. Wade, V., offers to buy votes in “blocks of five,” 98; discountenanced by party leaders, 100

Dudymott, Nelson, IV., 179

Dumas, Alexandre, père, VI., 346

Dundy, Judge, III., and the Ponca case, 485, 496, 497, 505; IV., 74

Dunn, C. C., III., 117

Dupre (Louisiana legislature), III., 118

Duray vs. Hallenbeck, IV., 170, 184, 185

Durell, Judge Edward H., III., 79, 81, 84, 85, 86, 126, 132, 141

Durkee, Charles, I., contributes to campaign fund, 79 n.

Dyer, Colonel, II., 28

E

Early, Jubel Anderson, I., 235

Eaton, Dorman B., V., on civil service in England, 158

Editor's Preface, I., v.

Edmunds, George F., II., uses influence to secure an appointment, 134; III., sustains McEnery, 80; suggested for Cabinet position, 380; delegates of, to coöperate with those of Sherman and Blaine, 506; IV., to, 150; to, 152; from, 153; spoken of as Presidential nominee, 201; delegates to propose, 219; protectionist, 224; favorite of the “Independent Republicans,” 225; to, 425; to, 426; from, 428; Schurz differs with G. F. Williams, in estimate of, 431; to, 431; from, 433; to, 433; from, 434; VI., efforts of, to suppress levying campaign tax, 146

Eggleston, Edward, IV., from, 114

Ehrich, Louis, VI., efforts of, to induce Bryan to promise noninterference with the money standard, 256; to, 266; to, 352

Election bill, V., 69, 71, 73, 75

Electoral Commission, III., 367, 395

Electoral votes, III., 339, 345

Eliot, Charles William, President of Harvard, VI., favors independence of Philippines, 349

Elkins, IV., assisted by Blaine influence, 477

Ellett, A. L., IV., collector United States inter-revenue, 419

Ellsworth, Ephraim Elmer, I., and his Zouaves, 180, 181

Ely, Robert Erskine, VI., to, 427

Emancipation, I., 197, 206, 207, 208, 215, 228, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 261; III., 31, 33, 35; proclamation, 39; advocated by Sumner, 62; carpetbaggers, negro's worst enemy since his, 89; IV., combated at first, preferred in time, 381

Emancipators, I., 254 n.

Emott, James, III., 227

England, V., change of party in power, 168; VI., world's peace secured by our friendship with, 17, 18; curtailment of power through disarmament, a world calamity, 435

Evans, Hon. Sylvanus, I., 296

Evarts, Charles O., IV., 47

Evarts, Wm. M., III., 379, 380, 381, 388, 395, 398, 401 n., 403; IV., speaks for Blaine, 254

Everett, Edward, I., 137

Evart, Hamilton Glover, V., 74

Ewing, Thomas, I., 398; III., 320, 324; IV., 23, 26

Expansion of currency, II., 473; of territory, VI., arguments used in favor of, 14; how regarded by Europeans, 25

F

Farley, John, IV., 405

Farragut, David G., I., 235

Farrington, Consul, II., 210, 213

Fathers of the Republic, I., 146; III., 240, 241, 296, 298

Fellows, John R., IV., 485-490

Fenton, Reuben E., V., moves that ladies be admitted to floor of Senate to hear Schurz's reply to Conkling, 35

Ferry, III., brother to T. W. Ferry, 405

Ferry, Orris Sanford, II., will vote for Greeley, 374; Greeley's prediction, 377; III., will reply to Schurz, 1; V., moves an adjournment, 35

Ferry, Thomas W., II., presiding officer of Senate, 517, 519; III., to, 339

Fessenden, Brigadier-General, I., 312

Fessenden, Wm. Pitt, II., 243

Fiat money, IV., 24, 26, 33, 38, 70, 398

Fickard, Dr., I., 254

Field, Cyrus W., III., 160, 161

Fifteenth Amendment, Enforcement of, I., 484; legality of, doubted, 486; state sovereignty a Democratic dogma, 487; abolition of slavery, 489; civil rights secured to all, 491; objectionable clauses in the bill, 493; Democrats oppose, 495; true self-government, 496; benefit of responsibilities, 498; popular education, the complement of self-government, 499; National authority best restricted to National affairs, 500; Democrats should advocate equal rights, 503; National welfare paramount to party interests, 505; first colored Senator, 506; permanency of negro suffrage, 507; appeal to the people, 508

Fifth Avenue Hotel conference, III., circular call of, 228; objections to, answered, 233; address adopted at, 240; executive committee of, meets, 253, 259; criticism of, 274, 275, 279, 334; principles of, to be carried out, 409; V., independent sentiment manifested at, 82

Filipinos, VI., ten years' probation of, a time of unrest, 309; unanimously for independence, they must win their own way, 443; their trust in us, its betrayal, the remedy, see Imperialism, The policy of, also Washington and Lincoln, For the republic of

Filley, IV., and the Garfield Administration, 83

Fillmore, Millard, I., end of Whig party, 25, 30; strong element in Indiana for, 107; V., Webster, Secretary of State for, 445

Financial question, IV., 1

Fish, Hamilton, I., to, 518; V., opposed to sale of arms, 37; VI., rupture with Sumner, 282, 283, 285; some characteristics of, 286

Fish, Stuyvesant, V., president, Illinois Central R. R., 474

Fisher, W., Jr., IV., Blaine letters, to, 227, 228, 230, 231, 232; business transactions with, 230; letters intended for Caldwell addressed to, 232; letters brought to Washington by Mulligan with the knowledge and consent of, 233, 234; railroad deal with Blaine reviewed, 276, et seq.; contract with Blaine, 280; Blaine's arrangement with, advantageous to Blaine, 285

Fiske, Andrew, V., to, 84

Fletcher, Governor, II., 27

Florida, East, II., case of, 235;

Florida, West, II., cession of, 230, 231, 233

Follenius, William, II., to, 315

Folsom, George W., IV., to, 308

Forbes, III., working in cause of hard money, 1

“Force” bill, V., 116, 118, 119, 120

Ford resolutions, V., on the Samoan question, 4

Foreign Affairs, Committee on, III., 53; VI., chairman of Senate Committee on, in political accord with the Administration, 284, 287, 288

Foreign policy, Our future, V., 477; annexation of any Spanish colony changes character of our war with Spain, 479; Spanish possessions are within the tropics, 481; Anglo-Saxons do not emigrate in mass to the tropics, 482; what expansion would entail upon United States, 483 et seq.; commercial interest, 488; the way of safety and advantage, 490

Foreign Relations, Committee on, II., 206, 253

Forest policy, rational, The need of, V., 22; future prosperity of United States largely dependent on preservation of forests, 23; foes to the forest, 24; Congress indifferent to destruction, 26, 27; forests influence the flow of waters, 28; measures recommended to Congress while Schurz was Secretary of the Interior, 30; soldiers from abandoned army posts to be utilized as forest guards, 32

Forests, attempted conservation of, VI., 39

Forney (Colonel), John W., II., 415, 420

Forrest, General, I., 438, 463, 464

’48ers, The, V., 466; Students, congress at Eisenach 468; union of Germany achieved, 469; to preserve the unity of their new fatherland, 470; peace with honor, but vigorous prosecution when war is inevitable should be the motto of, 471

Forty-eighters, VI., wrongs of, as compared with those of the Filipinos, 308

Foster, Emory S., III., 73

Foster, L. F. S., III., 248

Foster, Secretary, V., keeps gold reserve at $100,000,000 mark, 349

Four-year law, V., 140, 143

Franco-Prussian war, I., 509, 519

Franklin, Benjamin, I., president of abolition society, 48, 146, 342; apostle of common-sense, 93; clearheaded, 96; IV., bon mot of, about hanging together, 331; V., 235

Franklin, Benjamin, IV., 309; early life of, 310; formulates system of religion, 313; marriage of, 315; newspaper and almanac of, 316; intellectual and literary influence of, on Philadelphia, 319; theory of, as to movement of storms, 321; experiments of, in electricity, 323; receives degrees, becomes postmaster, 324; Postmaster-General, and engages in other activities, 325; appears before Parliament, 328; confers with Continental Congress, 330; mission of, to France, 331 ff.; contrasted with Voltaire, 337; commissioner, 339; last diplomatic achievement of, 340; president of Pennsylvania, and member of Constitutional convention, 341; character and work of, 343-348

Frederick William II., II., 395

Free coinage of silver, V., opposed in 1892, by George Fred. Williams, 84; advocated by, in 1896, 85 n.; as a party issue, 113, 418

Freedmen's Bureau, I., murders of agents of, 289, 293; procuring employment for negroes, 308, 337; officers of, testifying to conditions in the South, 314, 315, 323; protecting the blacks, 326, 329; negro generally works well, 334; small number need assistance, 338; conditions improving, 339, 341, 343; the Southern people wish Bureau abolished, 359; unpopular, 360; success of, incomplete, 361; IV., discredited through abuses that crept in, 369; VI., purpose of, 315; partial failure of, 324

Free-soilers, I., 29, 30; III., 13

Free-trade League, II., 252

Free-traders, II., 371, 374. 375, 379; V., 436

Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore, II., 190, 222, 230, 232, 233, 239, 242

Frémont, John Charles, I., mentioned as a Presidential candidate in 1860, 24; popularity of, 30; campaign of 1856, 33; voting a matter of principle, 249; II., slim chance in 1872, for third ticket, 384; V., political defeat of, 394

French arms case, V., 34 n., 35

French in Spain, success of, II., 231

Friedley, III., chairman, Indiana State Committee, 290

Frisbie, IV., 72

Frye, Senator, VI., and the Philippines, 164

Fugitive-slave law, I., 142, 169; III., 12, 21, 22, 25, 26, 30; V., 443

G

Gad's Hill robbery, III., 103

Gage, Lyman J., VI., open letter to, 204; power of the Executive to establish a silver basis denied, 205; defects in currency law could be remedied by Congress, 206, 207; as Secretary of Treasury, Gage should reassure the business community, 208; second open letter to, 208; opinions of, as financier and as partisan contrasted, 210-215; what Schurz's correspondence with, shows, 252

Gaggin, Richard F., I., 162 n.

Gallatin, Albert, II., 526; IV., 156; politically, Schurz resembles, 482; V., in 1831 favored low duties, 47; wished Jefferson to make more removals, 161; circular to revenue collectors, 162; removal for cause, 166

Gallinger, Jacob H., V., to, 403; Smith's comment on Schurz's letters to, 411; to, 417

Garfield, James A., II., 353; III., as to the Hayes election, 346, 365; integrity of, above question, 507; IV., to, 1; see Hayes in review and Garfield in prospect; from, 44; to, 47; from, 49; to, 50; to, 78; to, 84; to, 88; to, 115; Blaine could not carry Ohio, because of the old Garfield feeling, 202

Garland, Augustus H., IV., Attorney-General, 348, 466 and n.

Garrison duty in tropics unpopular, V., 516

Garrison, Wm. Lloyd, I., 232; III., 13

Gentry, Major, III., 109

George III., VI., 117

George, Henry, IV., 463

Georgia, speeches on admission of, I., 483 and n.

German artillery, I., 181

German civil-war volunteers of St. Louis, VI., not given the credit they deserved, 442

German Day, V., 181; love of his native land makes truer the German-born American's loyalty to his adopted country, 183; life in a principality vs. that under the German Empire, 186; obligations because of German birth, 190

German emigrants, I., starting for America, 49

German Liberals, III., 216

German Mothertongue, The, V., 334; German song irresistible, German language honest and sincere, 335; fidelity and discrimination of German translations, 336; English must be acquired but German must not be forgotten, 337; duty of German-American parents to teach their children both languages, 338

German regiments, I., 180, 181, 182

German voters, III., 280, 494

Germans, I., 20, 31, 32, 33, 34, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 52, 54, 55, 56, 71, 78, 108, in, 509, 510; II., 364, 365, 366, 371, 372, 377; III., 252, 288

Germans rallying for Lincoln, I., 121; curious to hear Schurz, 161 and n., 162 n.

Germany, I., why the natural ally of America, 19; destined to be “the great power” of Europe, 519; V.; and the Samoan business, 1-6, the French arms case, 37; class of men to represent United States in, 128, 129; no spoils system, 168; fashion to scoff at 1848, as “mad year,” 467; rumor of differences between United States and, 520; VI., and the Philippines, 37, 248; if our troops should be withdrawn, 301; and friendly relations between the United States and, 444; war between “eminently improbable,” 445

Gibbons, Cardinal, VI., favors Philippine independence, 349

Giddings, Joshua R., VI., offers amendment to Republican platform of 1850, 404; carried, 405

Gilchrist, Colonel, I., 304

Gilder, Richard Watson, V., to, 477

Gilder, Mrs. Richard Watson, V., to, 451

Gillmore, Major-General, I., 312

Gilroy, Mayor, V., 167, 235

Godkin, Edwin Lawrence, II., to, 252; from, 376; to, 377; favors Grant, 383; to, 384; from, 386; to, 446; III., to, 490; IV., as to Cabinet appointments, 349

Godwin, Parke, III., 232, 248, 312, 313

Gold standard, VI., upon impregnable basis, 205, 206; responsibility for its preservation rests with Republicans in Congress, 209; service rendered to, by Parker, 351, 352

Goodrich, I., financial manager of National Committee, 171

Gordon, John B., III., 270, 317

Gorham, IV., article in Washington Republic, 147

Gorman, Arthur P., IV., 472, 474, 492; V., 163; and the fight against repeal of silver purchasing act, 354; fights the Wilson tariff, 361; triumphant speech during tariff debates, 362

Goshen, First Lord of the Admiralty, VI., asks appropriation for British navy, 59

Graham, IV., was removal of, with cause? 405

Grant, Ulysses S., I., 235, 253; as Presidential candidate, 423, 449, 457; attitude of, toward ex-rebels, 477; Executive and Legislative powers, distinct, 482; and the Santo Domingo treaty, 484; to, 509; losing voters, 511; punishing “bolters,” 520, 521; II., 7, 26, 37, 42, 43-46, 71, 73, 91, 121, 122, 123; renomination of, 253, 255 311; disagrees with Cabinet, Senators, diplomats, etc., 309; detested by the young South, 312; causes insuring his nomination, 353; campaign cry, 358, 359, 387; defeat of, desired, 362; plain speaking to, 371; Greeley in preference to, 374, 375, 379, 380, 381, 384, 388; Nation’s editorial, 383, 385; broke promises, reversed good appointments, 386; arraigned by Liberal Republicans, 388, 389; second Administration, 444, 445, 448; III., rupture between Sumner and, 49, 51, 52, 55; VI., 281; the Louisiana “revolution,” 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 122, 124, 125, 126, 132, 133, 141; renomination of, opposed by Schurz, 166; Santo Domingo case, 178; Bristow and, 221; “Tilden's best friend,” 260; attitude of, toward Hayes's candidacy, 267, 281, 282; services of, in civil war, 301; efforts of, to reform the civil service, 327, 328, 330; no great political aims, 371; leaves Louisiana case to his successor, 400; third term, 494, 495, 506; IV., the Presidency as a reward, 41; did not observe geographical considerations in selecting Cabinet, 90, 303; civil service, 446; V., French arms case, 34, 35, 36; moving on to Richmond, 55, 155; desires annexation of Santo Domingo, 193, 236; VI., and civil service reform, 148; dedicating tomb of, 269; see also Anti-Grant and pro-Greeley, why, 392

Grant's usurpation of the war powers, II., 177; makes treaty with Baez, 179; authorizes acts of war, 180; hostilities averted only by an accident, 186; specious argument in defense of President's act, 187; violation of the Constitution, 189; Senate should emphatically disapprove, 190; Tyler's warning to Mexico, 192; Grant's San Domingo policy, 202; examples cited of correct Constitutional procedure, 190-235; complications that may result from Grant's arbitrary act, 236; lack of popular interest in San Domingo scheme, 236, 238; Grant's action indefensible, 239; “I am the war-making power of this Republic,” 240; duty of Senators to uphold the Constitution, 241; danger in unchecked usurpation, 242; military training a disadvantage when brought into civil affairs, 244; the President and not the Republican party must bear the blame, 246; Senate called upon to protest, 247; glory of military achievements not affected by blunders in civil life, 249; gratitude must not bias judgment, 250; Constitution greater than the President, 252

Gray, Chief Justice, III., 380

Gray (Judge), George, VI., both for and against annexation, 307; as Presidential candidate, 308

Gray, W., III., 218

Greeley, Horace, I., active in Massachusetts politics, 72; II., to, 361; to, 370; from, 370 n.; to, 372; influence of a third ticket, 375; election of, “a national calamity,” 376; from, 377; dissatisfaction with the Greeley movement, 378, 379, 380; Horace White's estimate of, 382, 383; Schurz's reasons for supporting, 384; to, 385; Godkin's reasons for not supporting, 386, 387, 388; from, 390; from, 443; had Greeley been elected, 444, 447,448; III., the Tribune under the editorship of, 421; VI., nomination of, a disappointment to the Liberal Republicans, 265

Green, Commander, II. , 209; 212, 223

Greenback party, IV., 9; agitation, 24

Greenbackers, IV., 24, 26, 33; nominate General Butler for Presidency, 283

Greenbacks, II., 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 520, 532

Greenleaf, Professor, III., 7

Gresham, Walter Q., IV., 201, 203; v., 137, 367

Grigsby, Deputy Collector, II., 134

Griswold, John A., II., 134

Grosvenor, W. M., II., to, 1; to, 368; to, 379; to, 448; III., funds needed for campaign work, 160; to, 410; V., 448

Grotius, Hugo, V., 260

Grow, Galusha A., III., 382

Gruber, Abraham, V., systematic philosophy of American politics, 392

H

Hague Tribunal, VI., 425, 426, 432, 436, 437, 438, 439

Hahn, M., III., 117, 118

Hale, V., 83

Halleck, General, I., 216, 217

Halstead, Murat, III., 156, 161; from, 388; to, 397; from, 462

Hamilton, Alexander, II., 170, 526; III., 296; IV., defends his official integrity, 241, 242; V., and the tariff, 42; VI., 362

Hamilton, Mrs. Alexander, II., 130, 131

Hamilton, Gail, see Dodge, Mary Abigail

Hammond, James H., I., 131

Hampden, John, I., 97

Hampton, Wade, I., 438, 448, 460, 463, 464

Hancock, John, and the Declaration IV., 331

Hancock, Winfield Scott, I., 440; IV., as Democratic nominee, 9, 10, 13, 17, 24, 26, 27, 32, 40, 41, 42, 206

Hanna, Marcus A., V., to, 328; VI., 121; compared with Altgeld, 264

Hard money, III., 263, 264, 265, 266, 324

“Hard-money league,” III., 1

Hard-money men, IV., 24, 26

Harlan, James, III., 391, 395, 402

Harlem Democratic club, IV., 484

Harpers, the, III., 115

Harper's Magazine, V., 191 n., 407, 431 n.

Harper's Weekly, V., 14, 15, 19, 127, 129, 131 n., 133, 226 n., 232, 398 n., 412 n.; VI., 407, 452 n., 459 n.

Harris, Isham G., IV., 147

Harrison, Benjamin (the elder), V., supported by Daniel Webster, 442

Harrison, Benjamin, III., suggested for Secretary of War, 381; asks Schurz to speak in Indianapolis on the currency question, 422; IV., as an acceptable Republican nominee, 200; V., 12, 17, 98; corruption of his party, a reason for his defeat, 101, 108; nomination of, 109-111; free coinage of silver, 115; force bill an issue, 119; fails to keep his pledges, 120; disregard of international law, 120; asked to extend civil service reform, 125; classified service at expiration of term, 150; post-office changes, 171; Hawaiian Islands, 193; abrogation of the one-year limit, 449; VI., commends anti-imperialistic speeches of, 275

Harvey, I., 40

Hastings, I., 78

Hatch, General, I., 322

Hawaii, V., annexation of, 128, 129, 131, 133, 193, 205, 209, 212; Cleveland sends special commissioner to, 363; Hawaiian Queen offered restoration to power upon her granting general amnesty, refuses, 364; annexation scheme defeated, 365; annexation of, a calamity to United States, 460; voted for as extreme limit, 485; VI., 106, 108

Hawkins, Major-General, I., 323

Hawley, Joseph R., II., 353; III., 381, 402; IV., 201, 203

Hay, John, VI., address of, mentioned, 358

Hayes, Rutherford B., III., to, 248; to, 252; from, 253; to, 255; Schurz has correspondence and interviews with, 258, 259; to, 260; Schurz justifies his preference for, 262, 267, 268, 273, 274, 277, 278; to, 280; line of argument against, adopted by Democratic papers, 281, 282, 283, 287; from, 284; to, 285; from, 289; to, 289; see Hayes versus Tilden, 290; from, 338; to R. C. McCormick, 338 n.; from, 339; uncertainty as to election of, 340, 346, 347, 349, 352, 353; to, 354; from, 355; to, 355; from, 361; to, 363; to, 366; from, 376; to, 376; to, 384; from, 387; selecting his Cabinet, 388, 390, 397, 398, 399; to, 389; to, 399; Cabinet rumors, 401, 402, 403; from, 403; to, 403; from 405; to, 406; as President, 410, 412, 413, 417, 418, 421; IV., 3, 4, 45, 78, 79; from, 115; from, 115; from, 181; Cabinet of, 357; sends letter to Schurz to be shown to some member of the Cleveland Cabinet, 407; from, 479; from, 480; V., from, 82; withdraws troops from the South, 117; VI., ends carpetbag government, 330

Hayes in review and Garfield in prospect, IV., 5; objects accomplished by the Hayes Administration, 7; Democratic party and its Presidential candidate discussed, 9; the United States of to-day, 14; duties of the President, 15; training of a West Point cadet, 17; the regular army officer as a civil leader, 18; the Democratic party of 1880, 21; what may be expected in case of a Democratic victory, 25; how the civil service during the Hayes Administration was improved, 28; civil service under the Democracy, 30; General Hancock and the rush for office, 32; the Republican party discussed, 32; James A. Garfield and the financial question, 35; civil service and the Republican party, 36; appeal to the different classes of voters, 37; object lesson furnished by Indiana, 39; the Presidency, the highest and most responsible trust of the Republic, 41; Garfield's life as a training for the Presidency, 42

Hayes versus Tilden, III., 290; administrative reform to be subject of remarks, 292; instances of corruption cited by Hoar, 293; the American civil service, 296; inauguration of the spoils system, 299; vicious tendency of the civil service system under Grant, 302; to insure the selection of fit persons for office, 305; Hayes's political record, 307; civil service reform in Hayes's letter of acceptance, 309; aristocracy officeholders, 311; civil service reform in Tilden's letter of acceptance, 313; what may be expected in case of a Democratic victory, 318; moral courage of Hayes, 323; powers of a President, 327; influence of a President, 329; opponents trying to discredit Hayes's letter, 332; members of the May conference (Fifth Avenue Hotel) consistent in supporting Hayes, 334

Hayes, Mrs. Rutherford B., IV., 115, 181

Hayes, Webb, IV., 49

Hayti, II., vessels of, to be destroyed, 179, 186; V., annexation of, 483; VI., 11; joining a confederacy of the Antilles, 34, 182

Head, Franklin H., V., to, 21

Hecker, I., 121

Hedden, collector of the port of New York, IV., 405, 407, 408 n., 456

Henderson, John B., III., with Schurz, signs petition to Congress, 345, 347, 351, 353; suggested for Cabinet position, 380, 381; IV., from, 212; to, 214; VI., as Presidential nominee, 202; feeble health prevents acceptance of nomination, 203

Hendricks, Thomas A., III., 264, 279; IV., estimate of the character of, 258

Herbert, Hilary A., V., 218

Hewitt, Abram S., IV., 349, 353; to, 461; from, 462; to, 482; Schurz's letter to, commended by Curtis, 490; VI., 277; eulogized by Schurz, 298

Hexamer, Major, I., 181

Hickman, David H., II., 26

Hickney, Lieutenant, I., 293

Higgins, Eugene, IV., 367; V., 178

Higginson, Thomas W., IV., from, 149; to, 150; from, 181; to, 182

Hill and Hillism, V., 232; Tammany's fight for supremacy, 233; deserted by Croker, 234; nominates Hill for governor, 235; his political record, 237; what his election would signify, 242

Hill, David B., IV., 410, 411, 492; V., 122, 141, 157, 163, 225

Hinman (Rev.), S. D., IV., 53

Hitchcock, IV., 83

Hoag, J. W., IV., to, 210

Hoar, George P., III., 293; IV., 44; to, 276; Schurz's letter to, may be used in campaign, 285; V., from, 527; to, 528; to, 530; VI., 38, 285; and the Philippines, 292, 293, 302

Hoar, Sherman, V., 125, 126

Hobart, Vice-President, VI., asks Schurz to canvass for McKinley, 268

Hogan, John T., I., 297

Holden, Governor (North Carolina), I., 258

Holleben, von, Ambassador, VI., 37

Holmes, Governor (Mississippi Territory), II., 231

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, I., 47

Holst, von, matter, IV., 181

Homestead bill, I., 144, 145

Honest money, III., 161; disclaims intention of influencing any one's vote for the next President, 162; inflation to be made an issue in Ohio, 163; adherent to fundamental principles, 165; tenets of the Democratic party, 167; its platform an abandonment of its principles, 168; progressive inflation, 169; Governor Allen's money theory, 170; increasing volume of currency decreases its value, 173; limitation of governmental power, 174; inflation, a source of corruption and profligacy, 179; crisis of 1873, 185; France as an example, 186; national banks, 188; how the rich man profits by inflation, 191; the laboring man and inflation, 193; laboring men the creditors of the country, 199; speculators advocates of inflation, 201; first issue of greenbacks, 203; what the crises of 1837 and 1857 should teach, 205; resumption of specie payment, 208; best in each party should unite, 213; Ohio may kill the inflation movement, 215; see from A. Taft, III., 216, also from and to, A. T. Wickoff, III., 217; also The Currency Question, III., 422

Honest money and honesty, V., 276; depression of 1896 charged to demonetization of silver, 277; resumption of specie payment and circulation of metallic money, 279; trouble in maintaining legal ratio between gold and silver, 280; millionaire silver-mine owners influence legislation, 283; supply greater than demand, prices decline, 285; monthly purchase of silver, and issue of Treasury notes, 287; how the greenback was brought back to par, 289; the meaning of free coinage and 16 to 1, 291; free silver and the wage-earner, 305; civilization and the laboring man, 309; the “debtor class,” 310; how Bryan's policy would affect the West and South, 314; fiat money the logical outcome of free silver, 316; what the inevitable Bryan panic would teach, 316, 317; free-silver agitators and the American people, 321-327; answer of the American people on election day, 328

Honest Money League, American, V., 276 n.

Hood (General), J. B., I., 235; III., 399

Hooker, General, I., 251

Hooper, II., 309

Horan, J. J., III., 118

Houston (Major), J. P., I., 314

Houston, Governor, III., 117

Howard, General, I., 330

Howard, Jacob, M., II., 161, 162, 167, 168

Howe, James, I., 164

Howe, Timothy O., II., 178, 181, 182, 183, 184, 190, 207, 217, 236, 237, 238, 239, 242, 246; III., 149

Howell, Charles P., VI., from, 291

Hoyt, John W., III., 248

Hughes, Bishop, II., 130, 131

Hulsemann, Chevalier, V., Webster writes to, 445

Humboldt, Baron von, III., 8

Hungria, General, II., 212

Hunter, Dr., II., 26

Hunter, General, emancipation proclamation of, I., 206, 207, 208

Hutchins, Waldo, I., 171; II., 382, 383

Hutchinson, Governor (Massachusetts), IV., 328, 329

I

Imperialism, American, Thoughts on, V., 494; duties and responsibilities of United States, 495; war demoralizing, however just its cause, 497; consequences of changing war of deliverance into war of conquest, 499 et seq.; religious difficulties, 504; abrogation of Constitutional right and privileges, 505; alternative possibilities, the dark side, 508; the bright side, 511

Imperialism, The issue of, VI., 1; race problem, 3; territory acquired by the United States in the past, 5; objections to annexation of tropical territory, 6 et seq.; character of our Government changed by foreign possessions, 10; onward sweep of expansion, 14; England will expect quid pro quo, 18; our strength as a continental nation, 20; expense of expansion, 22; English journalist on American expansion, 25; arguments of its advocates reviewed, 26; duties we owe to our own people paramount, 32; not imperialism but the spread of true democracy, 35; imperialism of McKinley's Administration, 216; Cleveland opposed to, 301

Imperialism, The policy of, VI., 77; popular dislike of the Philippine war, 78; war of liberation for Cuba, 79; Dewey's victory, 80; conditions in Cuba and in the Philippines alike, 81; Aguinaldo invited to coöperate with United States, 82; renders efficient service, 83; treated as an ally, 84; discredited after the battle of Manila, 85; excluded from peace negotiations, 86; treaty opposed in Senate, 87; Filipinos must submit, or be shot, 88; injustice illustrated by supposititious case, 89; recapitulation, 91; reasons given for our course of action, 93; the facts in the case, 96; only Congress can declare war, 100; despatches altered before being given out, 102; establishing a dangerous precedent, 103; let the “war be stopped,” 105; surrender to our consciences, not to Aguinaldo, 107; prediction being justified, in; inexpediency of keeping Manila, 114; arguments of “manifest destiny,” “burden,” and “flag” men answered, 114, 115; illogicalness of “having begun the war, we must continue it,” 116

Imperialistic policy, V., 475, 476, 529, 530

Independence Hall, historical importance of, I., 3; Continental Congress assembled in, 92

Independent and conservative element, IV., 3, 86, 87, 201, 202, 206, 207, 219, 224, 293, 411-413

Independent movements, III., 276

Independents, III., 157, 159, 167, 216, 259, 268, 272, 322, 324, 329, 333, 334, 335, 336; IV., address of, 293, 294; responsibility for the Cleveland Administration, 355, 365, 366; must never be partisans, 429, 430 (438); support Andrew in Massachusetts, 450; Democratic President, candidate of 1888, will need their entire vote, 464; Blaine in opposition, would vote for Cleveland, 467; accused by Cleveland of seeking to ruin him, 474; source of influence, 476; V., many will vote for Cleveland, 86; will be influenced by Cleveland's letter of acceptance, 122

Independent voters, III., 291

Indian Appropriation Act, IV., 51

Indian problem, Present aspects of IV., 116; unscrupulous greed of frontiersmen often the cause of war, 117; railroads and settlers penetrating to every part of the United States, 118; no longer vacant reservations to which the Indians can be removed, 120; increase of white population means encroachment on rights of Indians, 121; to preserve their rights, Indians must be reckoned with as individuals, not as tribes, 123, 137; given an incentive, they will work, 124; citizenship the end not the beginning of their development, 125; must be guided and protected, 126; a progressive movement is evident everywhere, 127; agriculture their best occupation, 128; as cow-boys, freighters and mechanics, 130; education the great civilizer, 131; facilities for domestic training increased, 133; grasp of affairs uncertain, 140; the case of the Utes, 141; Congress should pass a severalty law, 144

Indian question, III., 481-489; see letters to Mrs. Jackson, Miss Allison and E. Dunbar Lockwood

Indian service, IV., 28, 77

Inflation, see Currency and the national banks; Currency question; Honest money; Honest money and honesty

Inflation movement, IV., 39

Inflationists, III., 263, 264, 265, 272, 274, 279, 480; IV., 23, 26, 33, 38

Ingalls, John James, IV., 450, 494; V., characterization of politics, 77, 78, 79, 101

International peace, V., an American principal, 250

Introduction, I., iii.

Ireland, V., would be freed from British supremacy by war between Great Britain and United States, 251

“Irrepressible conflict,” I., 37, 118, 122, 134, 139, 140, 143, 145, 460, 489; III., 23

Irwin, (Commander) John, II., 212, 213, 214

Isabel, Infanta of Spain, I., 205

Issues of 1874, The, especially in Missouri, III., 74; unstable political and social conditions, lack of old-time enthusiasm, 75; Congressional investigations, 77; independence of thought and growing interest in good government, 78; disputed Louisiana elections, 79; duty of the National Government, 84, 93; duty of the South, 86; dishonest and unscrupulous leaders of the Southern negroes, 88; Sumner's civil rights bill, 90; what the colored people can do for themselves, 94; financial question, 97; restoration to political rights, 98; fraternal spirit, mitigation of partisan spirit, 101; brigandage, 103; continuing the 1870 movement, 106; a word to ex-Confederates, 108; to the independent men of Missouri, 112

Itinerary in Lincoln campaign, I., 163

J

Jackson, Andrew, II., 68; III., 179, 408; V., supported and opposed by Daniel Webster, 438, 439

Jackson, James (Georgia), IV., formulates pro-slavery argument, 342

Jackson (Mrs.), Helen Hunt, III., to, 496; from, 499; to, 501

Jacobi (M.D.), Abram, II., 448; III., 406; VI., responds to toast at complimentary dinner to, 192

James, D. Willis, IV., 349

James, William, VI., from, 190

Japan and Russia, VI., intervention of United States, 431, 432, 435, 440

Jefferson City, I., radical state convention, 510

Jefferson, Thomas, I., 65, 93, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 146, 229; II., 526, 303; succeeds Franklin at the French court, 340; III., 179, 296, 302; V., filling of official positions, 159-162; effect of four-year rule, 164; three requisites of a good official, 166; coinage of standard silver dollar stopped by, 281; VI., Louisiana purchase, 217

Jeffersonian Administration, a, V., 163, 164, 165, 166

Jeffries, J., III., 118

Jenckes, Thomas A., II., 143

Jewell, Marshall, III., 381, 407; VI., 285

Jews, VI., persecution of, 304

Johnson, Andrew, I., 232, 255; to, 256; 258, 259; to, 260; 264, 265, 266, 267, 270; to, 270; 270 n., 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 374, 375, 379, et seq., 424, 437, 459, 464; II., 43, 44, 48, 51, 135, 151, 152, 247; III., 41, 50; IV., succession to the Presidency a misfortune to the South, 370; irritates the South, IV., 371; erratic manifestations of, lead to reactionary attempts, 375, 385; VI., “the States lately in rebellion,” 317, 318, 321, 323

Johnston (General), Joseph E., I., 235, 282, 423; V., inefficiency of, 179

Jones, Hon. Anson, II., 201

Jones, George, IV., 355, 359, 407

Jones, Secretary of State of Texas, II., 200

Journalistic enterprise, I., 260, 274, 276

Juarez, Benito Pablo, I., 203

Judd, N. B., I., to, 183

Julian, George W., IV., 151 n.; to, 168; 181, 183; to, 184; 231

K

Kansas, I., criticized by Europeans, 28; conflict between anti- and pro-slavery adherents over admission of, 29; III., usurpation in, 22; Sumner on admission of, as a free State, 30

Kansas and Nebraska bill, I., 139, 140; V., 192

Kearny (General), Philip, I., 220

Keith, Governor, IV., induces Franklin to go to London, 311

Kelley, Wm. D. (Pennsylvania), III., 198

Kellogg, Wm. Pitt (Governor of Louisiana), III., 79, 80, 81, 84, 85, 95, 116, 119, 122, 132, 139, 146, 400

Kelly, “Boss,” III., 303, 322

Kelly, George A., III., 117

Kelly, John, IV., 213, 214

Kemble (Indian inspector), IV., 52, 53, 54, 55

Kennedy, H., I., 300

Kent, III., and the electoral count, 361

King, Preston, I., 162

King, Rufus, I., 100

King, William, I., 293, 322

Kinkel, Gottfried, I., to, 14 and n.; to, 18; to, 23; to, 33

Kirkwood, Samuel J., IV., 93, 94, 95, 147 n., 148

Kischinev, VI., atrocities committed at, 303, 305

Klein, V., demand for punishment of, questioned, 15; report denied, 16

Know-Nothing movement, III., 62

Know-Nothings, I., 15, 16, 35, 42, 46, 48, 73, 76

Koerner (Governor), Gustav, I., 119; III., 225

Kruger, Paul, VI., 121

Kryzanowski, General, IV., 451

Ku-Klux, I., 452; II., 312, 332, 384, 398, 399, 424; III., 86, 90, 178; IV., 373

Ku-Klux legislation, II., 254, 277, 285, 312

L

Lacretelle, de, Jean, Charles Dominique, IV., account given by, of Franklin in France, 335

Lamar, L. Q. C., IV., 350; to, 355; to, 451; to, 453; from, 453 n.; to, 457

Lamont, Daniel, V., clearing out incapables, 178

Lampher, Dr., II., 422

Lancaster, IV., collector of customs at St. Louis, 456, 457

Land, A. D., III., 118

Landers, IV., fiat-money advocate, 24, 26

Land-grant railroads, IV., 174 et seq., 192, et seq., 227, 229, 230, 233, 237, 238, 241, 278

Leather Apron Club, IV., 319, 320

Leavenworth, Lawrence and Galveston R. R. Co. vs. United States, IV., 174, 175, 187, 188

Lecompton Constitution, I., 89

Lee & Shepard, III., 115

Lee, Captain, III., 258

Lee, Rear-Admiral, II., 213, 214

Lee, Robert E., I., 235, 282, 457, 464

Leighton, Colonel, V., president National Sound-Money League, 474

Le Moyne, J. V., III., 348

Leupp, Francis E., V., letter of introduction to Cleveland, 181

Liberal movement, II., 440, 441, 442, 449

Liberal Republican movement, III., 100, 101, 105

Liberal Republican movement, The aims of, II., 354; abuses that called the party into existence, 354; objects that may be accomplished, 356; how to secure reform, 358; not the tricks of the politician but altruistic patriotism, 360

Liberal Republican ticket, II., 375

Liberal Republicans, II., 315, 316, 320, 374, 378, 381; address of, 388 et seq., 432, 440

Liberals, III., 158, 230

“Liberty Congress,” VI., call for, 199; opportunity for organizing a new party, 200; independent nomination by, 204

Lincoln, Abraham, I., as Presidential nominee, 111, 113, 114; to, 116; from, 118; interviews of, with Schurz, 119-121, 179, 180; mentioned, 165, 167, 168, 170, 172, 174, 177; to, 180; from, 182; urged to decisive measures, 198; to 206; to, 209; from, 210, with editor's reason for printing verbatim, 211 n.; to, 213; from, 219; to, 221; to, 222; Schurz's estimate of principles and character of, 250-252; assassination of, 253 and n.; trial of conspirators to be in secret, 256; chiefs of the rebellion charged with instigating the assassination, 256; Sumner's eulogy on, mentioned, 259; letters of, to Schurz, escape destruction by fire, 376 n.; Nation lost great opportunity by the death of, 383; II., jest of, concerning appointments, 132; opinion of, concerning officeseekers, 155; III., relations of, with Sumner, 35, 38, 51; his characteristics, attainments and mental growth, 36; Louisiana reconstruction incident, 38; spoils system a greater danger than the rebellion, 295; mentioned, 367, 369; opinion as to paper currency, 461; IV., “standard bearer of the newly-born Republican party,” 269; death of, a calamity to the South, 369, 370; tact in treating those who differed from him in opinion, 476; V., calls for new levies of men, 53; deterioration of party of, 79; Schurz's sketch of, commended by Hayes, 82; Democratic government best defined by, 155; officeseekers, 173, 393; “liberator of the slave,” 176; VI., his characterization of good government, 2, 10, 36, 44, 152; fundamental principles reaffirmed, 77 n.; “consent of the governed,” 79 n.; characterization of popular sovereignty, 87, 189, 216; against government other than by the consent of the governed 220, 232, 244; assassination of, 317; non-interference, 342; justice to the negro does not mean social equality, 345; nomination of, for the Presidency, 403

Lincoln, Mrs. Abraham, I., adaptability of, 120; cordiality of, 121; III., at inauguration ball, 39

Lincoln, Robert T., IV., 195, 201

Lippincott, publishers, I., 278

Little Rock and Fort Smith R. R., IV., 228, 231, 237, 238, 244, 284

Livingston, II., and his “influence,” 130

Loan, Benjamin, I., to, 473

Local self-government, III., 251, 254

Lockwood, George M., IV., to, 148

Lockwood, E. Dunbar, III., 503

Lodge, Henry Cabot, III., mentioned, 161, 218, 225, 258; to, 346; as assistant secretary to Bowles, 413; to, 495; to, 506; to, 507; IV., to, 215; from, 218; to, 221; VI., extract from speech nominating McKinley, 244; probably responsible for Philippine paragraph in Republican platform, 352, 355

Logan, John A., II., 460, 493, 510, 514; III., 401 n.; IV., from, 194; to, 194; as Vice-President to Blaine, 208; opposed to Fremont scheme, 231

Long, John D., IV., to, 50; as to the marriage of Bright Eyes, 148; favors municipal suffrage for women, 150

Longfellow, Henry W., I., 47

Longstreet (General), James, II., 341

Louise, IV., Queen of Prussia, 499

Louisiana revolution [insurrection], III., 79, 81, 83, 122

Louisiana treaty, II., 231; purchase, 232

L'Ouverture, Toussaint, II., 78

Lovejoy, I., good work of, 113

Low, Seth, VI., 278; to, 303

Lowell, C. W., III., 117

Lowell, James Russell, VI., duration of United States Government, 235

Luckett, R. L., III., 118

Luperon, General, II., 211, 226

Luther, Martin, I., 52, 97

Lyman, Colonel, IV., 219

Lyon (General), Nathaniel, I., 220; VI., votes against secession, 298

M

McAneny, George, V., Secretary National Civil Service Reform League, 396, 403, 404, 425, 429, 430, 515, 519; VI., 129

McClellan (General), George B., I., 213, 2l6, 217, 220, 230, 238, 249

McClure's Magazine, V., 342; VI., 403 n.

McClure, I., statements of, 171

McClurg (Governor), Joseph W., I., 511; II., 15, 27, 33, 35, 48, 49

McCook, Lieutenant-Commander, II., 208, 214

McCormick (Governor), R. C., III., 338, 401 n.

McCreary's resolution, III., 348

McCulloch, Hugh, III., from, 480

McDonald, III., whisky ring, 238; IV., and the Cabinet, 352, 353

McEnery, John, III., 80, 81

McKinley and Hobart, V., honest money and civil service reform, 407

McKinley tariff, V., 59, 75, 78, 95, 96, 97, 112

McKinley, William, V., suggestion as to shaping the policy of his Administration, 329; to, 340; from, 341; to, 396; pledged the Republican party there should be “no backward step,” 409, 423; issues order to stop arbitrary removals, 426, 430; to, 429; to, 447; dignity of, in dealing with foreign affairs, 456; to, 457; to, 465; “desired peace,” 471; to, 472; to, 475; speaks in annual message against annexation, 478, 492, 514; to, 515; VI., on annexation of Cuba, 24, 80; unfavorable news from the Philippines, 37; directs secret treaty with Spain, 86; “benevolent assimilation,” 88, 91, 93, 169, 177, 229, 243; shoot them down “without useless parley,” 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101, 102, 104, 121; see civil service reform, and the Philippines, 157-179; Philippine wrong to be righted, 190; third ticket to be used to defeat, 191, 192, 203; reëlection of, urged from financial standpoint, 208-215; speech in opposition to reëlection of, 215-275; the combination that could defeat reëlection of, 256; feeling growing in favor of, 257; election of, with House in opposition, best thing for the country, 258; reëlection be construed as popular approbation, 262; many dissatisfied with, 263; Bryan election better for the country than, 265; gained many votes just before election, 266

McKinley, William, VI., 266; plausible and popular, but without true convictions of his own, 267; visits New York and invites Schurz to call upon him, 269; expresses himself as strongly in favor of civil service reform, and against annexation of Hawaiian Islands, 270; sends to Senate treaty for annexation, 271; invites Schurz to Washington and dines him at the White House, 272; answers evasively as to treaty, 273; influenced by sugar speculators, 274; advocated free trade with Porto Rico, but used Executive influence to secure tariff legislation, 275

McKinley, Mrs., VI., 273

McVeagh, Wayne, IV., 81, 89; to, 435

MacMahon, General, VI., drawn into intrigues of monarchical party, 56

Mackey, Dr., I., 292

Madison, James, I., against slavery, 93, 96, 103, 137, 146; II., and the cession of West Florida, 229-235; V., as a Constitutional authority, 162, 164; on the four-year rule, 165; removal for cause, 166

Magone, Collector, IV., 457

Mahone, William, IV., 419, 440

Manifest destiny, V., term used to cover many interests, 191 et seq.; what duties annexation entails, 196; desirable and undesirable territory for annexation, 196-198; Democratic institutions and the tropics, 199; the Anglo-Saxon and foreign countries, 202; people of the tropics as members of our National family, 204; the Hawaiian Islands, 205; advantage of our present condition, 206; improbability of our being attacked by any European nation, 208; Hawaii an element of weakness, 209; temptation in having a large navy, 211; the real “manifest destiny,” of the United States, 259, 512

Manning, Daniel, IV., discussed for Treasury appointment, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354; appointment of, 355, 356, 357

Mansfield, General, I., 220

Marsh, George P., I., 176 Marshall (Chief Justice), John, III., admiration of Charles Sumner for, 6; V., fascinated by Webster's eloquence, 434

Martin, Barney, V., 240

Martindale, E. B., III., 422

Martine, IV., 484

Mason and Dixon's line, IV., 398

Mason, James M., I., debate on slavery, 145, 146, 148; as a slaveowner in Europe, 237

Massachusetts, I., and the suffrage question, 41, 43, 45, 48 n.; and proscription, 67, 68, 69; representative position of, 70; and the “two-years amendment,” 72; Know-Nothings of, 73; responsibility of, 74; Yankee, 75; Republican party in, 76; V., Reform Club of, speech before, 40; dinner given by, 84; VI., 428

Mass-meetings, American, described, I., 3

Mataafa, V., probable Samoan king, 5

Matill, I., the Department of State and Canada, 519

Matthews, General, II., 235

Matthews, Stanley, III., 352

Maximilian, Emperor, VI., of Mexico, 158, 175

Maxwell (Post-Office Department), V., 140, 171, 176

May conference, see Fifth Avenue Hotel conference

Maynard, V., nomination of, 244

Meade, IV., removal of, 401

Means, William, IV., 404

Medill, Joseph, III., 402 n.; IV., to, 154

Meeker massacre, III., 504; IV., 92

Memminger, C. G., II., from, 255

Merrimon, Augustus Summerfield, II., 486, 490

Merritt, General, VI., recruits for the Philippines, 16, 85; strengthens Dewey, 232

Metcalf, L. S., IV., 222, 223; to, 509

Mexican war, III., 12, 22

Mexico, I., 128, 140, 141, 142, 200 et seq.; II., 84; war vessels sent to the Gulf of, 191 et seq.; III., 34; IV., 42; V., as capital of the United States, 193, 205; under Diaz, 199, 481; war with, 442; VI., 12, 13, 34, 35, 94, 106, 158, 186, 246, 247, 370

Meyer, Adolph, I., to, 182

Meyer, Heinrich, I., to, 32; to, 407

Meysenbug, Malwida von, I., to, 5

Miles (General), Nelson A., IV., and the Ponca Indians, 106, 107, 108; VI., interview with, interesting reading, 306

Militarism and democracy, VI., 48; appeal for peace and disarmament, 49; a standing army essentially a monarchical institution, 53; democracy demands that the armed force be militia or volunteers, 54; France and her standing army, 54-56; Oliver Cromwell's use of the army, 56; reasons given for European standing armies, 57; United States maintained policy of adapting its armament to its needs, 60; United States the strong neutral Power of the world, 63; the probable size and cost of a standing army, 66; enlarged naval establishment, 67; the burden of our pension fund, 68; what must be shown to justify increased taxation, 70; abrogation of the Constitution suggested, 72; demoralization of war, 73; we need have no war, unless we provoke it, 76

Military interference in Louisiana, III., 115; legislature assembled, 116; temporary and permanent organization of, 117; declared illegal, 118; certain members ejected by force, 119; when the Government may assist the local government of any State, 121; violation of the Constitution, 124; to what it may lead, 126; review of reconstruction period, 127; the statesmanship required to maintain a republican form of government, 135; return to self-government of the Southern States, 136; intimidation, 138 et seq.; the Government must itself observe the laws, 142; people beginning to distrust the policy of the Government, 145; the question at issue, 148

Military rule in the South, need of, I., 267, 269

Mill, John Stuart, II., 525, 526

Miller (General), M. P., VI., attacks Iloilo, 97, 248

Miller, Justice (Supreme Court), IV., 176, 177, 188, 191

Miller, Major, I., 289

Millionaire, the, in politics, IV., 457 ff.

Miramon (General), Miguel, I., 203

Miranda, Francisco, II., 231

Missouri, Address to the people of, I., 510; Republican pledges that must be redeemed, 511; amendments to State constitution, 512; trickery and demagogism, 513; bolting Republicans true to their party's principles, 515; party purification, 516; advice to colored voters, 517; republican institutions menaced, 518

Missouri compromise, I., 136; III., 19,22

Mitchell, Rev. Dr., IV., 222

Mittermaier, Joseph Anton, III., 8

Mobini, VI., 302

Moltke, Gen. von, IV., praised by the Kaiser, 498, 499

Money crisis in the West, I., 33, 37

Monroe doctrine, II., 110, 111, 113; V., cited in Venezuelan question, 252, 365; exposition of, by Webster, 436; permanently destroyed should United States be drawn into imperialism, 500; VI., safeguard of, 155, 249, 370, 372, 393

Monroe, Fortress, I., 181; Fort 182

Monroe, James, V., great Constitutional authority, 162; four-year-term bill signed by, 164; asked as to bill's Constitutionality, 365

Morgan, Governor (New York), I., 171; asked to secure guard of honor for Lincoln, 174; III., suggested as Secretary of the Treasury, 380, 391, 393; Secretaryship of Navy, considered better, 381

Morley, John, VI., a true friend to the United States, 107; receives present from Carnegie, 296

Morrill, Justin Smith, II., and the civil service, 123; V., defends protective tariff, 43, 44; predicts free-trade, 51; manufacturers asked nothing, 52; manufactures, pillars of support, 53; internal revenue taxes, 54

Morrill, Lot M., III., 401 n.

Morris, Isaac N., I., 90

Morris, Jay, I., 176

Morris, Robert, IV., 339

Morrissey, John, II., 134; III., 303, 322, 324

Morse, John T., Jr., IV., to, 156; to, 308; to, 400; to, 462

Morton, Oliver P., II., mentioned, 76, 89, 92, 96, 99, 100, 102-106, 110, 112-114, 119, 120, 146, 177, 178, 190, 191, 194, 195-198, 201-204, 206, 208-217, 219, 220, 229, 239, 242, 333, 342, 347, 349, 475, 497-499, 502, 507, 510-512, 514, 526, 527, 531; III., 1, 137, 140, 281, 283, 287, 388, 402

Moses, Governor of South Carolina, III., 95

Motley, John Lothrop, VI., 287

Mugwumps, IV., Eastern, criticized by Western papers, 406; defended by Schurz, 407; regular party jealous of, 443; Democrats would desert Cleveland, should he be left by, 465; V., and the trusts, 64; VI., 382; supported Palmer during campaign, but voted for McKinley, 191

Mulligan, James, IV., 233, 234, 235

Mulligan letters, IV., as evidence against Blaine, 155, 211, 227-240, 242, 249, 253, 278, 281, 282, 285

Municipal government and civil service reform, V. , 214; learning from the enemy, 215; depriving Tammany of the sinews of war, 216; need for reform in promotions, 218; professional men best for heads of departments, 220; no system works automatically, coöperation needed all along the line, 224

Murder as a political agency, V., course of history little affected by, 412; crimes of the anarchists, 414

Murphy, VI., of Alabama, 349

Murphy, Charles T., V., 141, 163; chairman, Tammany Hall, 167

Murphy, Tom, II., 422

Murphy, William S., II., special diplomatic agent, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206

Murrell, III., Republican, 118

N

Napoleon, Louis, II., 64, 423; VI., election of, to Presidency, followed by usurpation, 55; shot those who resisted, 250; invaded Mexico, 370

Nashville Convention, I., 141

National campaign of 1892, The issues of, V., 87; Democratic republic a most excellent form of government, 88; money and the machine in politics, 89; glorious past of the Republican party, 92; defeated in 1884, regains control through high protective tariff, 95; promises tariff favors in exchange for contributions to campaign fund, 97; Republican tariff policy a political warfare for a large money prize, 101; essential difference between the Republican and Democratic parties, 102; Cleveland's “amazing popular support,” 105; machine politics in Harrison's nomination, 108; Democrats might be too timid in their revision of the tariff, 112; free coinage of silver as an issue, 113; negro vote in the Southern States, 115; civil service reform and foreign relations touched upon, 120

National Civil Service Reform League, III., 259; IV., resolutions passed by, 425, 447, 452; considering reports from Maryland and Indiana, 455; V., 120, 136, 143 n., 180, 340, 341, 396, 397, 403, 404, 407, 430, 447, 449; VI., addressed by Schurz, 122

National Committee, I., 117, 118, 119, 171, 172, 174; III., 281, 338 n.

National Convention, I., 171; II., 366; III., 338, 495; IV., 11, 12

National honor, V., 452; one duty never to be forgotten by the strong, 453; its application in reference to Spain, 454; true source of inspiration of, 457

National Labor party, IV., 463

National reform movement, II., 361

National Republican Convention of 1872, III., 53

National Sound-Money League, VI., non-partisan, 268 Nebraska, I., 14, 15, 129, 139, 140

Negro problem? Can the South solve the, VI., 311; change from slave to free labor, 312; “physical compulsion,” 314; ordinances adopted curtailing the privileges of negroes, 319; negro education opposed, 322; negro suffrage, 325; carpetbag government, 328; ended by Hayes Administration, 330; election of Democratic President feared by negroes, 331; efforts to nullify negro right of suffrage, 332; race-antagonism, 336; futility of transportation plan, 337; either serfdom or true citizenship, 339; systematic campaign of education, 344

Negro suffrage, I., 258, 260, 261, 361-371, 381, 383, 443, 476, 507; III., 31, 127; IV., 371, 395, 396; VI., 325, 332

Negro supremacy, V., 72, 116, 117, 119

Negro vote in the South, V., 115, 118

Negroes, justice to, I., 267; eagerness to learn, willingness to work, 269; VI., 314, 334

Nelson, John, II., 200, 202, 204, 205, 206

Nelson, Judge, IV., 176

Nelson, Professor, VI., estimate of Roosevelt, 397

New Mexico, I., 140, 141

New Orleans riot, III., 86

New South, V., 72, 73

New York, I., bay of, 2; city of, contrasted with London and Paris, 2; politics of, 35; conference, II., 378, 381, 384, 386, 447; VI., 41

Nicaragua, I., 14

Nicaragua Canal, V., 484; VI., 12

Nicholls, III., and the Louisiana legislature, 412

Nichols, H. S., IV., dismissed from revenue service for political reasons, 419

Nicoll, IV., opposed by Mayor Hewitt, 484-490

Non-intervention, I., 139, 140, 141, 142, 145

Nordhoff, Charles, III., 161, 218

North, Lord, VI., 117 Northern Pacific R. R., land-grant case, IV., 150, 241, 242 Noyes, Governor, III., 338

O

O'Connell, Solicitor of Treasury, VI., opinion given by, 135

Officeseekers, II., 155; III., 295; V., 146, 172

“Of the people, for the people and by the people,” V., 480, 496, 510, 512, 513

Ogden, Rollo, VI., to, 350

Ohio, Republican governor of, I., 213

Olin, Judge, II., 134

Olney, Richard, V., arbitration treaty, 367

Olozaga, I., 201

One-term Presidency, III., 254, 256

Orchestra, permanent, for New York City, V., establishment of, 451

Ordinance of 1787, I., 136, 146

Orner, George D., II., 50

Osage, IV., 53

Osborne, Thomas M., VI., presides at Plaza Hotel meeting, 201; mentions his choice for independent nomination, 202, 204

Osgood & Co., III., 115

Osgood (Reverend), Dr., III., 232

Osterhaus, Major-General, I., 293

Otis, General, VI., and the Filipinos, 172, 177, 229, 231

Ottendorfer, Oswald, III., to, 261, Schurz mentions letter, 283, 288

Ouray, IV., 140, 142

P

P——, W. H., V., to, 86

Packard, United States Marshal, III., 84, 85, 86, 132, 139, 146, 150, 400, 412

Palfrey, VI., 286

Palmer, (Governor), John McAuley, II., 366, 377, 382, VI., third-ticket candidate, 191, 192; reluctant to accept nomination, 204

Panama, VI., made independent of Colombia, 389, 434

Panama mission, V., 436

Pan-Electric Company, IV., and the Bell patents, 443, 466 and n.

Paper currency, III., 242, 257, see also Currency question, The

Paper money, III., 266

Paris, treaty of, VI., 2, 15, 158, 160, 164, 167, 178, 223, 293

Parish, IV., 436

Parker, Alton B., VI., in favor of Philippine independence, 350, 356; to, 351; should be supported by the Independents, 353; to, 356; from, 358; to, 358; see Parker vs. Roosevelt

Parker, Courtlandt, III., 380

Parker, Theodore, III., 24

Parker vs. Roosevelt, VI., 359; mutually accepted pecuniary benefits and the worship of wealth, force, power, or of mere success, fatal to true democracy, 360, 363; crime of a high protective tariff, 361; Republican party organization levies contributions openly, 364; gives the preference to rich men, 366; reaches out for foreign possessions, 367; corruption of Democratic party can be reached and corrected, 365; freedom from a standing army and a war navy, 368; liberation of Cuba, 374; but annexation of the Philippines, 375; what the Republican party has become, 377; Roosevelt as he was and as he is, 378; his love of war, 387; the Panama affair, 389; United States as paramount policeman, 350, 394; his argument for more ships and soldiers, 398; Judge Parker and the Democratic party, 400

Partridge, Colonel, I., 296

Patriotism, About, V., 459; honorable peace, if possible, 460; faithful devotion and loyal service should there be war, 462

Patronage, office of great, V., 126

Patterson, James W., II., 135, 136 “Pax Britannica,” VI. , 435 Payne, Henry B., IV., 356 Payne, Henry C., VI., Postmaster-General, 381

Payne, “Lou,” VI., 381

Peabody, VI. , interest of, aroused in Philippine matter, 306

Peace-and-Disarmament Conference, VI., 23

Peace commissioners, V., 518, 519

Peace Democrat, I., 235

Peace power of the world, V., 258, 266

Peace, The road to, a solid, durable peace, I., 419; different methods of the Republican and Democratic party, 419; principal causes of the civil war, 420; reconstruction problem, 421; Johnson and the South, 424; efforts toward restoration of slavery, 426; Congressional intervention, 427; Democrats asked to judge, 429; Democratic construction of the Constitution, 432; right of self-protection, 434; military rule in the South, 436; slavery upheld by Northern Democrats, 439; right to secede claimed by Southern Democrats, 442; negro suffrage, 443; why the freedmen are Republicans, 448; negro supremacy, 450; immigrants needed, but not encouraged, 452; political traditions of the South, 455; Grant and Lee, 457; Grant's election best for the South, 459; revenge basis of Democratic platform, 461; the Democratic ticket of 1868, 462; consequences of a Democratic victory, 465; the Democrats part in the rebellion, 469; their friendship for the South, 471; appeal to American patriots, 472

Pearl Harbor, V., may be utilized for coaling station, 460

Pearson, IV., and the postmastership of New York City, 350, 351, 360-367

Peck, Miles Lewis, VI., to, 423; from, 423 n.

Peckham, Wheeler H., VI., to, 298

Pendleton, George H., IV., and civil service reform, 87; V., the Samoan affair, 2, 16, 18

Pennsylvania, I., Republican governor of, 213

Pension claims, III., 490, 493

Pension scandal, The, V., 226; result of New York Times investigation, 226, 227, number of civil war pensioners steadily increasing, 227; “arrears-of-pensions act,” 228; greed of pension attorneys and cowardice of politicians, 229, 231

Pensions, VI. , circular to veterans not drawing, 441 and n.

People's movement, III., 112; party, 109

Perry, Horatio J., I., 196, 198, 199

Petrasch, Theodore, I., to, 248

Phelps, III., fascinated by Blaine, 218

Philadelphia, I., first impressions of, 3, III., Convention, 53; V., Exposition, Germany poorly represented at, 185, 186, 187

Philippine independence, VI., 349, 353-356; monster petition for, 352, 353; freed from Spanish rule, 434

Philippines, V., control of, not to be kept by United States, 472; annexation of, 476, 478; not to be admitted to share in Federal Government, 483; coaling stations and naval depots can be secured by United States without annexation, 490; annexation of, 508, 523, 528; suggestions as to disposal of, 519, 528; VI., and the United States, 157, 158, 159, 160, 216, 217, 219; cruelties and barbarities to be investigated, 289 and n.; discussed, 292

Philippines, see Imperialism, The issue of, I., The policy of, and Truth, Justice and Liberty

Phillips, Wendell, I., reported as favoring repudiation, 259; as a Southern sympathizer, 451

Pierce, Edward L., I., to, 41; to, 45; to, 72; to, 73; to, 75; V., to, 33

Pierce, Franklin, I., as President, 11, 12, 14, 15, 29, 31; II., mistakes of, as a lesson, 48; V., Webster influences votes for, 445

Pierce, Henry L., III., suggested for Cabinet position, 381

Pittman, G. W. M., IV., to, 204

Platt, Thomas C., IV., 86, 147, 349; V., boss rule of, and its effect, 451; and Roosevelt, 520, 526; VI., 132; compared with Croker, 264; boss of his State and consulted by Roosevelt, 380

Plaza Hotel meeting, VI., 201

Plumb, P. B., IV., from, 200; to, 200; from, 202; to, 203

Poesche, V., Schurz cannot help to reinstate, 340

Poillon, Captain, I., 314

Poland, Judge, II., 466

Political and Social Sciences, American Academy of, VI., 48 n.

Political disabilities, II., 2; problems of reconstruction period, 3; disfranchisement, 4; restitution while same party was in power, 6; Missouri in the war and in the reconstruction period, 7; disturbances in other States, 8; color line wiped out by amendments to State constitution, 10; formidable opposition, 11; negro vote controlled through political trickery, 13; committee divides on franchise amendment, 15; Republican party must keep its promises, 19; influence of Grant's peace policy, 20, 47; peculiarities of disfranchisement in Missouri, 21 et seq.; notable cases, 25, 28; election frauds, 30; nomination of the “bolting” Republicans, 32; overthrow of proscriptionists, 35; Schurz's motives impugned, 36; ironical defense of himself, 37; indignant defense of German-born citizens, 41; Presidential partisanship instead of friendly neutrality, 42, 47, 48; Schurz states his attitude toward the Administration, 43; blackmailing and coercion by the Radical party, 48; Republican principles greater than the Republican party, 52, 55; winning opponents, legitimate political activity, 53; results obtained through policy of the “bolters,” 53; measures of reconstruction period, no longer needed, 54; necessity of elevating the standard of political morals, 56; necessity of recognizing individual responsibility, 57; growing menace of the “trusts,” 58, 65, 68; new issues may lead to birth of new party, 59 et seq.; slavery, a dead issue, 60; the Republican party itself should become the new party, 63 et seq., 69; weaknesses of the Democratic party, 66; true popular government promotes the best interests of the country, 70

Polk, James K., II., 130, 219, 220; V., 47

Pollock, IV., Indian inspector, 88

Polo, Marco, quotation from, II., 475

Pomeroy, Samuel Clark, II., 207

Ponca Indians, III., 485, 488, 496, 497 499, 500

Poncas, The, IV., meeting of Boston sympathizers to demand justice for, 50; harassed by the Sioux, Poncas ask to be moved to another reservation, 51; dissatisfied with location chosen in Indian Territory, chiefs come to Washington, 54; allowed to choose a different location, 57; Indian Territory invaded by whites, 58; to remove the Poncas would make other tribes dissatisfied and strengthen the whites in their position, 59; Schurz's statement in annual reports, 60; bill submitted not acted upon by Congress, 62; petition of leading Poncas, 65; interview between Schurz and Standing Buffalo, 67; letter from Standing Buffalo; Poncas reconciled to new home, 68; solution reached by Schurz, the best for Poncas and the Indian Territory, 70; arrest of Tibbles, 71; statutes under which he was arrested, 72; Schurz favors legal protection for Indians the same as for white men, 74; what the Government is doing for the Indians, 77; also letter to Henry L. Dawes, February 7, 1881; progress made by Poncas, 131; pleasure expressed at settlement of their difficulties, 147

Poor, Rear-Admiral, II., 202, 210, 211

Popular sovereignty, I., 39, 139

Porter, Noah, III., President of Yale, 232

Porto Rico, II., 76, 77, 97, 98; V., independence of, 472, 476; if annexed, 483; if left independent, would not interfere with industrial and commercial enterprises of United States, 489; VI., looking for speedy admission to the Union, 11; importance of refusing the annexation of, 14, 24; joining a confederacy of the Antilles, 34, 182; compulsory benefits would probably be met with sullen disfavor 65; United States extending sway, 216, 217; a dependency, 219; President McKinley and, 275; freed from Spanish rule, 434; see San Domingo, Annexation of

Postal telegraph, II., 448

Post-Office, General, V. , “removals,” 136, 138, 139, 140, 143

Potter, I., Mississippi expected her taxes to be remitted because of emancipation of slaves, 305

Potter, Clarkson, III., 270

Potter, J. F., I., to, 38; to, 77; letter to, from J. R. Doolittle, 79 n.; to, 107; to, 111; challenged by R. A. Pryor, 114 and n.; to, 115; campaign work to be done for, 163; to, 165; to, 168; to, 172

Pratt, Captain, IV., 134

Pratt, Consul-General at Singapore, VI., 82, 84

Pratt, Daniel D., III., suggested for Cabinet position, 380

Preetorius, Dr. Emil, II., 450; III., 73; VI., intimate and firm friendship between Schurz and, 442

Prentice, George D., I., open letter to, 223

“Press-gag” law, III., 77

Preston, General, I., 438, 463

Price, Bonamy, II., 526

Prim, General, I., commands Spanish expedition to Mexico, 200; Schurz's estimate of his character and views, 204

Primaud, Peter, IV., 108

Prince, Mayor, IV., 60

Prohibition, IV., 199

Pro-slavery, I., 43, 155, 232; reaction, IV., 371

Protectionists, IV., 224

Prussia, King of, I., grants amnesty to political offenders, 183

Pryor, I., 115

Pryor, James W., VI., open letter to, 359

Pryor, Roger A., challenges J. F. Potter, I., 114 n.

Publication, Sub-Committee on, The Carl Schurz Memorial Committee, I., iv

Pulitzer, Joseph, VI., 305

Purvis, George E., II., with over 200 ex-Confederate soldiers, signs letter to Schurz, 307

Q

Quapaw reservation, IV., 53, 57, 60

Quay, Matthew S., V., campaign funds, 78, 79, 90, 95; resigns from chairmanship of Republican National Committee, 100; VI., 132; condemned by Roosevelt, 380

Quinn, John A., III., 118

R

Race question, VI., discussed, 348

Randall, I., 78

Randall, Samuel J., IV., desires Presidential nomination, 492

Ranke, von, III., historian, 8

Rasin, naval officer, IV., 434; appointment of, defended, 472

Raum, Green B., VI., to, 441

Raymond, Henry J., I., 375, 400

Reactionary movement, I., 400; IV., 2

Reactionary tendencies, IV., 4, 49

Read, Deborah (Mrs. Benjamin Franklin), IV., 312, 314

Rebellion, III., 32, 40

Reconstruction, III., 56, 347, 412; IV., 371 ff.

Reconstruction period, beginning of, I., 254, 258

Reconstruction policy, I., Sumner's, “equality before the law and consent of the governed,” 267

Red Cloud, IV., 140

Reed, Thomas B., V., 67, 68; VI., 191; favored as Presidential candidate, 202

Reform Club dinner, character of speeches at, IV., 429; V., banquet, 125, 142

Reform Democratic party, V., organization of, 232; its aims and standard-bearer, 247

Reform movement, II., 353, 358, 359, 361 et seq., 371, 372, 376

Reform, The need of, and a new party, II., 257; equality of rights, 258; reforms in civil service and the tariff, reduction of taxes, and resumption of specie payment, 259; trusts and disregard of law, 260; cause of the South's defeat, 262; reconstruction measures, 263; the Constitutional amendments a necessity, 268; reasons for opposing Grant's reëlection, 271; local self-government strengthened, not weakened by the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, 273; the Ku-Klux law, 277; interference of the Central Government prevented by efficient local self-government, 280; how the South can attract immigrants and secure capital, 281; how obtain general amnesty, 282; “carpetbag” rule in the South, 283; Tammany in New York, 284; public education the surest protection against misrule, 285; why a new party is needed, 286; wisest course to be followed by the South, 288 et seq.; protection and monopoly, 290; National debt, 291; civil service reform, 292; duties of victors and vanquished, 294; the North watchful for any reactionary attempts, 297; inadequacy of the Democratic party, 298; probable lack of National spirit in the Republican party, 299; duties and opportunities of the South, 302; appeal to the young men of the South, 302, 304; to the Republicans of the South, 304; to the Democrats of the South, 305

Reid, Frank T., II., with more than two hundred others signs letter to Schurz, 307

Reid, Whitelaw, VI., on annexation of San Domingo, 12, 13

Reno, General, I., 220

Republican cause, I., 161 n.

Republican National Committee, III., 219, 222, 495

Republican National Convention, IV., 224, 225, 256; V., 83, 95, 109, 110; VI., and Philippine independence, 349; of 1860, 403

Republican newspapers, III., 143, 144, 147, 237, 260, 280, 369; IV., 1

Republican organization, III., 158

Republican party, I., 170, 178, 273; II., 389, 399, 400, 401, 407, 421, 426, 432, 441, 445; III., 139, 143, 158, 162, 163, 165, 167, 168, 184, 190, 216, 223, 230, 231, 238, 249, 253, 262, 270, 277, 278, 281, 286, 292, 301, 328, 329, 351, 359, 389, 396, 408, 412, 426; IV., 29, 32, 33, 34, 42, 78, 79, 86, 87, 111, 203, 2O4, 205, 206, 209, 220, 224, 249, 254, 260, 261, 268; V., corrupted by money but with a glorious past, 92; defeat of, 94; try to explain Dudley's circular, 98; favor the "“force” bill, 119; threw obstacles in the path of civil service reform, 155; a bulwark against Bryanism, 451

Republican party, independent wing of, IV., 85; stalwart branch of, 85; Conkling-Grant wing of, 88

Republican platform, III., 249, 255, 257, 266

Republican politicians, III., 166

Republican ranks, III., 283

Republicans, I., 24, 30, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 42, 43, 46, 69, 73, 74, 145, 156, 165, 169, 180, 213, 214, 215, 220; III., 32, 56, 86, 87, 96, 99, 106, 108, 117, 120, 131, 136, 148, 177, 183, 217, 218, 230, 250, 263, 286, 348, 405; IV., 196, 200

Republicans in Congress, I., 173, 175, 213; V., bitterness toward the Administration, 8; defeated and thwarted Bayard's best efforts, 18; on the tariff, 74, 75, 77, 78; on free coinage of silver, 113; VI., power of, to preserve gold standard, 206, 207; responsibility of, 209

Republican vote, III., 137, 138, 140, 141

Repudiation, III., 107, 165, 203, 262; IV., 23, 24, 25, 33, 34

Retrenchment Committee, II., 130, 134, 135, 137, 139, 141

Reunion and Reform Associations in the West, II., 366

Revels, Hiram R., I., first colored Senator, 506

Revenue, II., 363, 364, 371, 445

Revenue reform, II., 32, 67, 252

Revolution, aim of, I., 7

Revolution, American, III., 154, 202

Revolutionary Fathers, III., 154

Rhodes, Cecil, VI., 254

Ricardo, David, II., and the gold standard, 525, 526

Rice, Representative, V., Massachusetts satisfied with the tariff, 51, 52

Richardson, I., gave his life for the Union, 220

Richmond, IV., and the campaign stories about Cleveland, 223

Richmond, Henry A., V., feeling against Hill, and for a third ticket, 232; Roosevelt supported by, 520

Riddleberger, Harrison H., IV., 440

Ring-rule in Philadelphia, VI., efforts being made to crush, 429

Ritchie, Right Honorable Charles T., VI., compares exports of Great Britain, United States and Germany, 27

Ritter, Karl, III., the geographer, 8

Robertson, Judge, IV., 147

Robeson, George M., III., 281

Robinson, I., editor Green Bay Advocate, 41; III., candidate for governorship of Connecticut, 232

Rockingham Memorial, V., 433

Rodgers, I., candidate for school position, 301

Rogers, Sherman S., V., to, 520

Rollins, James S., II., 26, 27; III., to, 72; to, 152

Roon, von, IV., commended by the Kaiser, 498, 499

Roosevelt, Theodore, IV., will vote for Blaine, 220; candidate for mayor of New York City, 461; V., desires to be relieved as Civil Service Commissioner, 125; would render efficient help in reforming spoils system, 126; is summoned to interview with Cleveland, 127; favors extending civil service rules, 178; made Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 398; asks privilege of War Department to be first volunteer should there be war with Chile, 399; consequences of Carnegie Hall speech, 520; to, 521; VI., and the Anti-Imperialistic Committee, 289, and the Philippine question, 292, 309; to, 309; significance of letter to Cuban dinner, 350; gives only vague answers as to Philippine independence, 352, 355; as Republican Presidential candidate, 377; desires to hold the Philippines for military reasons, 428; big United States Navy over ruling passion of, 428, 430; would shrink from no moral self-humiliation to prevent a split in the Republican party, 428, 429, 430; personal popularity of, immense, 431; to, 431; from, 434; to, 436; to, 440

Roosevelt, Opposition to, for the governorship of New York, V., 521; concession of, to Republican party “machine,” 522; imperialism of, 523; a brave soldier, but lacking in “patient prudence” necessary in international relations, 524

Root, Elihu, VI., reports on the Philippines, 303, 306; address of, mentioned, 358

Roots, Logan H., IV., 231

Rosen, Baron, VI., 440

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, IV., 333

Routt, IV., spoken of for a Cabinet position, 83

Rowse, E. S., II., 49

Rublee, Horace, I., to, 31, 161 n.; to, 163

Ruffianism in the South, III., 82, 86, 87; in Missouri, 102

Runyon, ex-Chancellor, V., mission to Germany, 133

Rush (Dr.), Benjamin, V., 159

Russell, Governor, V., 84

Russell, Lord John, I., 201

Russia, V., extradition treaty with, 131-133; peace proclamation of Czar of, 514; VI., persecution of the Jews by, 303

Russia and Japan, VI., intervention of United States, 431, 432, 435, 440

Russia, Czar of, VI., peace message of, 4, 49, 57, 59, 437; Peace-and-Disarmament Conference, 23, 440, 441; suppresses the constitutional rights and liberties of Finland, 50

Russian freedom, New York Society of the Friends of, VI., 427

S

Sackville, Lord, V., caught by campaign trick, 15 n.; Bayard promises full text of, to Schurz, 17

St. Louis Convention, III., 258

St. Thomas, V., 4; purchase of, 193

Salisbury and the Venezuelan question, V., 252, 254, 256, 367; VI., on the U. S. as a factor in Asiatic affairs, 19, 21

Salomon, General, IV., removal of, 426, 431, 434, 449, 451

Samoa, V., discussed by Schurz, Count Arco, Bayard, Sherman, 1-11; Bayard's presentation of case in protocol, 15; despatch states case succinctly, 16

Sanderson, J. P., I., to, 170

San Domingo, I., United States protests against Spain's annexation of, 193; Schurz on treaty of, 483; Grant and Schurz differ on treaty of, 509, 510; II., commission sent to, 177; negotiations, 178; United States vessels stationed on the coast of 177 n., 186, 271; pending treaty with, 189; treaty with, not favored by Senate, 255; Grant pledges himself to further the annexation of, 402, 418; III., treaty with, 51, 52, 53, 178; annexation of, 79; V., refused by United States, 4; treaty of, defeated in Senate, 93; Imperialists would make annexation of, a necessity, 131, 197, 483; VI., annexation of, 11, 12, 13; joining a confederacy of the Antilles, 34, 182; United States urged to annex, 108; rejected, 218; Grant's policy opposed by Sumner, 281, 282

San Domingo, Annexation of, II., 72; dissatisfaction with Baez, 72; withdrawal of United States naval protection voted down, 73; magnitude of the question, 75; annexation of tropics means political incorporation, 77; influence of the tropics historically, 78, 83, 106; influences of the temperate zone, 81; California not subject to rule applying to tropics, 84; degeneracy of Anglo-Saxons settling in the West Indies 86; climatic influence in Australia, 87; in the United States, 88; Spain's unsuccessful experiment, 92; assimilation in United States, upward; in the tropics, downward, 94; immigrants keep within their native isotherms, 95; annexation of Canada, 96; government of West Indies, etc., if annexed, 98; “manifest destiny,” 98, 115; inducements in annexation, 101; the lesson of England and India, 102; precarious nature of wealth gained in the tropics, 102, 107; “outposts” the weakest points of a country, 108; disregard of Monroe doctrine by foreign Powers, not anticipated, 109; Germany not likely to acquire colonial possessions in America, 110-114; Germany's colonial system, 111; true destiny of the United States, 116; true American policy, 117; the tropics for the colored race, 119; protectorate, 119; responsibility of Congress in the annexation question, 121; see also Grant's usurpation of the war powers

Sardinian mission, I., 170, 176, 180

Sargent, Aaron A., III., 144, 401 n.

Saunders, Daniel E., II., 50

Savannah News, to the editor of, IV., 157; murders by footpads more frequent in Northern cities; homicides for trivial causes more frequent in the South, 159; lawlessness of the far West of short duration, 160; how Southern homicides could soon be stopped, 162; respect for the law, an evidence of civilization, 163; the practice in the South of going armed, 165; public opinion and the newspapers should be fearlessly on the side of law and order, 167

Savigny, Friedrich Karl von III., 8

Sawyer, Frederick Adolphus, II., 321

Saxton, General, I., 312

Scales, John, III., 117

Schiff, Jacob H., V., to, 527

Schofield, General, I., 254

Schurman, J. G., VI., adverse criticism of the Filipinos, 246; to, 288; speaks at the Cooper Union, 303

Vol. I.

Schurz, Carl, first impressions of America, 1-8; change in political views of, 5; opinions of, concerning Pierce and Cabinet, II, 12, 14, 15; political aspirations of, 13, 18, 19; life of, in Wisconsin, 20, 21; farm, 20-22; happy fatalism, 22; studies law, 26; appointed commissioner of public improvements, 27; candidate for lieutenant-governor of Wisconsin, 31 n.; German newspaper at Watertown, 32; defeat of, 32; campaign speech and popularity, 33; declines invitation to speak in New York, 35; accepts invitation of Republican Central Committee, 35; wins national reputation, 37; elected a regent of Wisconsin University, 38; invited to Jefferson festival in Boston, 45; guest at dinner, 47; has interview with Greeley, 72; State delegate to Republican National Convention, 108; chosen to argue in Booth case, addresses two meetings in Chicago, 109; speaks in Indiana, 110; why he voted for Seward's nomination, 116; plans campaign for Lincoln, 116; takes supper with Lincoln and goes to mass-meeting, 120; received every where with enthusiasm, 121, 160; swamped with letters from officeseekers, 164; discusses foreign mission, 165; will abandon his party rather than his principles, 168; Corwin resolutions, 169; his travels and expenses in the 1860 campaign, 171, 172; anxious for report of Committee of Thirty-three, 172; urges adequate preparation to ensure Lincoln's inauguration, 174; urges Republicans to seize opportunity, 175; irksomeness of money-making, 176, 179; formulates plan of organization, 175, 177; writes speech for United States Representative, 178; hears draft of Lincoln's inaugural; proposition from Atlantic Monthly, 179; German regiments, 180; in Paris, 182; wishes to pass through Prussia, 183; suggests means for securing the sympathy of foreign Powers by adopting an anti-slavery policy, 185; believes task in Spain accomplished; desires leave of absence or permission to resign, 194; discusses civil also foreign standpoint, 196; has conversation with General Prim, 202; awaiting Lincoln's decision as to future career, 208; urges Lincoln to change his counsellors and commanders, 210; beseeches Lincoln not to disregard the warning of the late elections, 213 et seq.; suggests certain maneuvers, 221; declines nomination to major-generalship, 222; denies charge of cowardice and proposes test, 223; reasons for leaving the army, 251; talks with President Johnson on reconstruction, 255; opposes trial of Lincoln conspirators behind closed doors, 256; advises Presidential appointee to supervise and aid political action of military commanders in South, 259; will lecture and enquires about advance agent, 260; suggests reconstruction policy for South Carolina, 261; asks permission to address a series of political letters to the President, 263; prepares for trip through the South, 266; premium on life insurance increased by Southern trip, 265, 271; writes for the Advertiser, 268; interests himself for General Slocum, 269; asks to be exonerated from blame on account of newspaper letters, 270; received coldly by Johnson, asks explanation of Stanton, 272 et seq.; prepares report on conditions in the South, 275; wants to get it before the public, 277; correspondent New York Tribune, editor, Detroit Post, 375 n.; books and papers destroyed by fire, 375, 376; one of the editors and owners of the St. Louis Westlische Post, 418 n.; not in favor of immediate enfranchisement of rebels, 474; chosen United States Senator, 474; finds senatorial life a drudgery, 483; strained relations between Grant and himself, 509

Vol. II.

Schurz, Carl, offers resolution and makes speech, 2 and n.; acknowledges responsibility for “bolt” in Missouri, 32; gladdened by Sumner's New Year present, 70; disclaims personal feeling in his speech against Grant's usurpation, 240; working for substantial results and a third party, 313; chosen permanent president of the Liberal Republican Convention, 354 n.; writes Address of the Liberal Republicans, 388 n.; gives reasons for objecting to Blair's reëlection, 449

Vol. III.

Schurz, Carl, eulogizes Charles Sumner, 2; asked to write Political History of the United States, 114; senatorial career ends, starts on lecturing trip, 152; visits Germany, 154; Switzerland, 155; returns because urged to do so by Charles Francis Adams, Jr., to defeat William Allen, 161; defeats Allen, 215; refuses compensation for speeches in Ohio, 217; writes circular call of the Fifth Avenue Hotel Conference, 224, 228; answers objections to conference, 233; spends part of summer of 1876 at Fort Washington, Pennyslvania, 259; suggests paragraph for Hayes's letter of acceptance, 255, 284; hard at work on first campaign speech, 261; not well, but going into the campaign, 288; meets with accident, 338; petitions Congress to submit the Hayes-Tilden election to the Supreme Court, 353; in one year loses by death, father, wife and mother, 389, 401; hears that he is being suggested for a Cabinet position, 402 and n., 403; literary loyalty to Hayes, 404 and n.; invited to accompany Presidential party to Washington, 405; reduces printing expenses of Interior Department to one-eighth, 410; urged to speak in Indiana on the currency question, 422

Vol. IV.

Schurz, Carl, trials of, as Secretary of the Interior, 82; editor-in-chief, New York Evening Post, 115 n.; “contingent fund” of Interior Department and land grants to railroads, 148, 150, 151, 152, 153, 168, 184; writing the Clay biography, 156; declines a prospective gift of $100,000 from admiring friends, 197; speaks at Brooklyn, 224 n.; much interested in work on Clay biography, 308; contributes work and part of expenses in Cleveland campaign, 309; lectures in Charleston, South Carolina, 309 n.; declines invitation to address Civil Service Association, 435; member of National Civil Service Reform League, 455; Henry Clay in press, 462; friendship of, for Cleveland mentioned by Codman, 473; an act of self-sacrifice to call Cleveland's attention to the mistakes of his Administration, 475; fractures his hip-bone, 477; actively engaged in eight Presidential campaigns, 478; finishes Henry Clay, 479; begins Autobiography, 480; protests against “spoils” nomination, 482; has recovered from accident to hip, 491; contemplates writing political history of period, 1852-61; receives passport, 506; annoyed by newspaper stories, 507-508; friendly intercourse with German nobility; illness of eldest son, 509

Vol. V.

Schurz, Carl, as “loyal American citizen,” communicates with Secretary of State, 1; views of, as to officeseekers, 11; correspondence of, with Wanamaker and Isidor Straus, as to contributing money to campaign fund, 14, 18, and n.; prevented by engagements from attending centennial celebration of Washington's first inauguration, 21; speech before Forestry Associations, 22; part taken in debate on French arms case, 34-37; remarks at funeral of a child, 37; makes address on Tariff Question before Massachusetts Reform Club, 40; invited to Thurman banquet, 80; director Hamburg-American Packet Co., 83; writes circular letter inviting formation of committees of correspondence favorable to Cleveland's renomination, 83; invited to Massachusetts Reform Club dinner, 84; declines to accept more than legal interest, 86; gives reasons for supporting Cleveland, 87; prevented by state of health from participating in campaign, 122; congratulates Cleveland on his 1892 election, 124; talks with Cleveland at Reform Club banquet, 125; his experience with place-hunters, 127; his articles for Harper's Weekly, 128; praises Cleveland's second inaugural, 131; asks data from the Administration to be used in Civil Service Reform speech, 137; not to sign applications or recommendations, the inflexible rule of, 143; addresses thirteenth annual meeting, National Civil Service Reform League, 143 n.; delivers speech at World's Fair in Chicago, 181; addresses National Municipal League in Philadelphia, 214; speaks against Hill and in favor of Wheeler, 232; as member of New York Chamber of Commerce, speaks on the Venezuelan question, 249; addresses Arbitration Conference, Washington, D. C., 260; speaks on Honest Money and Honesty at Central Music Hall, Chicago, 276; mention of, for a place in the McKinley Cabinet, wholly without his knowledge, 328; pays loving tribute at funeral of William Steinway, 330; responds to toast at a choral society's anniversary banquet, 334 n.; addresses the governor on behalf of the Civil Service Reform Association of New York, 373; writes suggestions on civil service reform to President McKinley, 448; speaks at banquet in honor of '48ers, 466 n.; delegate to students' congress at Eisenach, 468; makes prophecy concerning Spanish war 475; addresses Civic Federation at National Conference at Saratoga, 477 n.; opposes Roosevelt for governor of New York, 521

Vol. VI.

Schurz, Carl, delivers convocation address before University of Chicago, 1 n.; speaks on Imperialism, 1; suffers from attack of grippe, 36; is tendered a dinner in honor of seventieth anniversary of his birth, 38; first Secretary to endeavor to obtain legislation in behalf of the forests, 39; banquet at Delmonico's, 39 n.; speech at banquet, 39; addresses American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 48 n.; addresses the Anti-imperialistic Conference, 77 n., 121; addresses Civil Service Reform League at Indianapolis, 122 n.; personal experiments in civil service reform, 138, 141; delivers address at the Philadelphia Anti-imperialistic Conference, 150 n.; responds to toast at dinner to Dr. Jacobi, 192; not well enough to attend the Liberty Congress at Indianapolis, 201, 204; opposes reëlection of McKinley in address at Cooper Union, 215 n.; oath of allegiance, 215; cannot vote for McKinley because so strongly opposed to imperialism, 262; puzzling experiences with President McKinley, 268-275; annoyed at papers misquoting speech, 276; writes words of encouragement to Shepard, 277; receives birthday congratulations from Shepard, 278; reluctant to take up anti-imperialistic work, but feels it a duty, 290; advises college men, 291; selected to prepare report on the Philippines, 296; funeral remarks for Franz Sigel, 296; appreciation of Abram Hewitt, 298; does not mind being called “crank” in a good cause, 303; visits the South to recuperate and to study the race question, 349; offers his allegiance to Parker, 351; asked to answer addresses of Hay and Root, 358; declines and gives reasons, 358; pays tribute of love and appreciation to George William Curtis, 403; gently ridicules Miles Lewis Peck, 423; excuses himself from speaking at an international arbitration meeting, 424; invited to become member of advisory council of New York Society of the Friends of Russian Freedom, 427; uncertain health prevents Schurz from promising to address the Massachusetts Reform Club, 428; invited to attend Good Citizenship Meeting in Philadelphia, 430; compliments Roosevelt on ending war between Russia and Japan, 431; urges Roosevelt to work for gradual disarmament of the Powers, 432; “Major-General, Cabinet Minister, Senator and Historian,” 436 n.; declines to make application for pension, 441; prevented by an accident from attending the funeral of Dr. Preetorius, 442; Autobiography completed to third and last volume, 442, 443; congratulates Cleveland on sixty-ninth anniversary of his birth, 444; securing arbitration treaty between U. S. and Germany a “work of merit,” 445

Schurz, Mrs. Carl (Margarethe) , I., 1 and n.; to, 8; to, 11; to, 20; to, 21; to, 23; will spend winters in Milwaukee and summers in Watertown, 37; to, 46; to, 108; to, 119; to, 160; to, 164; to, 168; to, 177; to, 179; property of, in Germany, 182; at a water-cure establishment near Hamburg, Germany, 184; to, 252; from, 253 n.; to, 264; to, 268; to, 374 n.; loses letters from her husband, 375; to, 418; II., mentioned in letter from Sumner, 309; III., illness of, in Switzerland 161; message to, in letter from Charles Francis Adams, Jr., 216; death of, 224 n., 389; V., was present at Senate debate on French arms case, 35, 36

Schurz, Herbert, VI., death of, 200 n.

Schurz, Miss, translations by, IV., 507 n.; V., 181 n., 334 n., 466 n.; by the Misses Schurz, IV., 495 n.

Schuster, Captain, IV., asks advice about resigning, 456; discharged for political reasons only, 457

Schuyler, Charles, III., 117

Schwab, Gustav, IV., to, 197

Schwab, Gustav H., and others, VI., from, 38

Schwing, William H., III., 118

Scott, John, II., counting the electoral vote, 453

Scott (General), Winfield, V., Presidential candidate, 445

Sebastian, Don, I., 205

Seceders, I., no hesitancy in dealing with, 169; Buchanan suspected of favoring, 173

Secession, I., the threat of the South, 25; 241, 254, 261, 262

Secession movements in the South, I., 164

Secession sympathizers, I., 220

Secessionists, I., 178

Senator, United States, Remarks on being chosen, I., 474; Missouri's progressive spirit, 475; why the negro should vote, 476; how the Republican party can retain its ascendancy, 478; advantages offered by Missouri, 479

Serrano, General, I., 200

“Seventh of March,” speech, V., Webster's undoing, 443, 447; helps check anti-slavery movement in the North, 445

Seventieth-birthday celebrations: Schurz, VI., 38; Jacobi, VI., 192; White, VI., 357

Sewall, VI., selection of, for Hawaiian mission, 270

Seward, William H., I., 72; as possible Presidential nominee, 108, 111, 113, 114, 116, 119; to, 185; from, 191; to, 200; Schurz disapproves of policy of, 375; II., protests against French troops in Mexico, 216; III., anti-slavery man, 24; V., prediction as to city of Mexico, 193, 205

Seymour, Horatio, I., 462, 463

Shannon, II., 192, 194, 205, 239

Sharkey (Governor), William Lewis, I., 269, 275, 292

Sheehan, William V., 141, 167, 240

Shepard, Edward M., V., to, 121; to, 122; to, 231; to, 232; VI., to, 256; to, 277; from, 278 n.; on condition of the Philippines, 303; an acceptable Democratic nominee for governor, 358

Sheppard, Isaac, II., 48, 49

Sheridan (General), Philip Henry, I., 234, 235, 391, 440; III., and the Louisiana “revolution,” 116, 124, 125, 133, 145, 150; IV., 41

Sherman (Senator), John, II., powers of the President, 184; gold standard, 522; III., Hayes election, 346, 365; Secretary of Treasury, 388, 401 n., 402, 403; loyalty of Sherman delegates, 506; IV., and the Treasury, 81; as possible Presidential nominee, 200, 203; V., Samoan affair, 3, 8; to, 10; on tariff reform, 52, 62, 63, 64; on demonetization of silver, 281

Sherman, L. A., III., 228 n.; to, 230; to, 239

Sherman, W. G., IV., to, 196

Sherman (General) , William Tecumseh, I., 235, 251, 253, 301, 312, 379, 416, 423; IV., from, 197 n.; V., moving upon Atlanta, 55; characterization of war, 251

Shields, General, I., Schurz to be entertained by, 14

Shipman, Judge, III., 232

Sigel, Franz, VI., eulogized by Schurz, 296

Silver, V., purchase of, 129, 130, 131; increased supply, not demonetization, lowered value of, 293; free coinage of, 296; VI., free coinage of, plank in Democratic platform, 199; Bryan's defeat in 1900, or a Democratic House would end debate on, 259

Sioux, IV., 51, 52, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 69, 70, 131

Sitting Bull, IV., 127

Slack, Charles, advance agent, I., 260

Slave-code, I., 140

Slave oligarchy, I., 277

Slave-power, IV., 10

Slavery, I., 5, 6, 15, 16, 24, 25, 29, 60, 63, 67, 71, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 165, 169, 183, 186 et seq., 268; II., 79, 87, 88, 90, 91, 100, 105, 106, 107, 108; III., 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 42, 46, 63, 66, 214; IV., abolition of, 11; V., 173, 191, 394, 443, 487; VI., sudden end of, 312; punishments during, 314; continuance hoped for, 319; its abolition endured, 322; efforts to maintain, 332; how viewed by the South, 334; as an existing condition, and as one to be restored, 340

Slavery, The doom of, I., 122; tenaciously upheld by the South, acquiesced in by the North, 123; free speech, a menace to, 124; education of the masses, dangerous to, 125; antagonistic to Democratic government, 126; trial by jury and writ of habeas corpus incompatible with, 127; repressive laws and additional slaveholding States a necessity for, 128; homestead bills voted down, 129; National laws must favor agriculture, 130; progressive spirit of the North, 131; contrast between slave-labor and free, 133; meaning of Constitution determined by interests, 136; policy of Bell and Everett, 137; of the Democratic party, 138; Douglas's expedient to save the Union, 139; program of the slave-power, 142; of the Republicans, 145; reasons for dissolving the Union, 147; why the South could have neither commercial nor industrial independence, 148; the futility of warring against the North, 152; certainty of slavery's end, 156; tribute to Missouri, 160

Slavery, The treason of, I., 225; three lines of policy, 226; extent of revolutionary movements dependent upon strength of opposition, 229; primary object of the civil war, 230; abolition of slavery a logical expedient, 231; the negro as a soldier, 234; emancipation won the sympathy of European nations, 236; restoration of Union “as it was,” 238; Republicans and Democrats contrasted, 243; the restoration of slavery, 245; see Douglas and popular sovereignty.

Slave States, I., 59

Slidell, John, I., 137, 140, 237

Sloan, Scott, I., and the chief justiceship of Wisconsin, 108, 111, 112, 114, 115

Sloane, Wm. M., V., 133

Slocum, General, I., 269, 271, 275, 293

Smith, A. D., I., 108, 112

Smith, Adam, II., and the gold standard, 525, 526; IV., discussed political economy with Franklin, 330

Smith, Caleb, III., 391

Smith, Charles Sprague, VI., to, 429

Smith, Charles Stuart, V., from, 411

Smith, Edwin Burritt, VI., to, 199; to, 200; courses of action suggested by, commended, 204; manager National Sound Money League, 268; to, 275; did not attend Bryan dinner, 276

Smith, General, VI., 294

Smith General, Kilby, I., 290, 304, 329

Smith, Gerrit, I., to, 35

Smith, Goldwin, V., from, 529; to, 529; VI., from, 120

Smith, J. Q., IV., 55

Smith, Wm. Henry, IV., 479

Smythe, II., collector of the port, 135

Soft-money, III., 262, 265, 274, 275, 279, 320, 324, 336; IV., 44

Sound-money business men, Democratic and Republican, V., to start an independent Presidential movement, 259; Schurz appealed to, to help in campaign, 404

Sound-money Democrats, V., voted in 1895, for McKinley, 421; VI., against him in 1899, 122

South, I., Schurz's mission to, 263 n., 264, 265, 266, et seq., 374 n.

South, the, after the war, V., 71, 72

South, Report on conditions in the, I., 279-374; Johnson's “policy of reconstruction,” experimental, 279; Southern cities visited by Schurz and plan for securing reliable information, 280; condition of things immediately after the close of the war, 281; collapse of Confederacy and apprehensions of the conquered, 282; North Carolina proclamation, returning confidence, preliminaries of reconstruction entrusted to former rebels, 283; philosophy or discontent the Southern mental attitude, 284; four classes in the South, 285; impossibility of secession, 286; returning loyalty, 287; oath-taking, 287-289; hostility to Northern soldiers, Northerners and Unionists, 289-294; only ex-Confederates advanced politically, 294-299; Louisiana schools wholly under ex-Confederate influences, 299-302; expediency, not loyalty, 303; brigandage, 304; levying of taxes distasteful, 305; change from slavery to freedom, 306-309; Southern estimate of the negro, 309-311; restoration of slavery still hoped for, 311; dangers to unprotected freedmen, 311-317; treatment of negroes as a class, 317-322; municipal regulations, 322-327; education of freedmen, 327-331, 343; praised, and complained of, 331-333; unwillingness to work, 333-337; vagrancy, 337; contracts, 338; insolence and insubordination, 339; extravagant notions, 340; relations between the two races, 341; reactionary tendency, 343-347; negro testimony, 347-349; reorganization of Southern militia, 349-352; negro insurrections and anarchy, 352-354; reconstruction, its duties, difficulties, obstacles to be surmounted, 354-361; need of immigration, capital and continued Federal control, 361; negro suffrage, 361-371; Federal supervision still needed in the South, 371-374; Sumner's comments on, 374

South, The new, IV., 368; at the close of the civil war, 368; reconstruction period, 371; negro labor, 377; mistaken ideas as to relation of labor and education, 378; change of opinions, 379; the “Rebel Brigadier,” 382; Jefferson Davis, 383; why Southern whites remained Democratic, 385; the young men, 387; social status of the negro, 389; democracy and the negro, 392; present loyalty, 397

“Southern outrages,” IV., cause and remedy, 373

Spain, I., changed attitude of, towards the United States, 193; Queen of, seeking an alliance for the Infanta, 205; II., and San Domingo, 92; V., our war with, 465, 475, 478; conditions of peace with, 475, 477

Spanish war, VI., object of, 4

Specie payments, resumption of, II., 503, 504, 509, 515, 530; III., 98, 165; in France, 186, 187; the only true solution, 208, 211, 212, 216, 254, 257, 263, 265, 274, 279, 335. 373; IV., 7, 12, 23, 33, 38, 195; see currency question, The

Spoils system and spoils, III., 243, 244, 271, 273, 277, 279, 298 et passim, 346, 354; IV., 8, 27, 30, 32, 37, 39, 288, 299, 305, 362, 428, 448, 464, 469, 474; V., 12, 126; its “back will be broken forever,” 140, 155; fast friends of, 148; rests on privilege and favoritism 156; destroyed by Jefferson's rule, 166; unfounded notion of its being necessary to hold parties together, 168; demoralizing effect of, 169, 173; Cleveland to end it, 174, 180; politicians determined to have, 515

Spotted Tail, IV., 140

Sprague, William, II., 377

Squatter sovereignty, I., 140

Stafford, G. W., III., 118

Stahel, General Julius, I., 221 n., 222, 223 n.

Stallo, John Bernhard, II., 370; III., 324, IV., 401

Stanard, Edwin O., I., 515

Standard Oil Co., IV., 356

Standing Buffalo, IV., 108

Standing Yellow, IV., 108

Stanton, Edwin M., I., papers hostile to, 257; advised Schurz to accept mission to the South, 264; was cognizant to Schurz's intention of writing to newspapers while on his tour of the South, 272; to, 272; VI., and Federal forces in the South, 321

State-rights in Wisconsin, I., Booth fugitive-slave case, 108, 112; Doolittle's “excellent speech, a grand vindication of doctrine,” 115

Stearns, George L., I., 267

Steedman, Major-General, I., 312

Steger, T. M., II., signs letter to Schurz from over two hundred ex-Confederate soldiers, 307

Steinway, William, V., 330; rises from workman to master-manufacturer, 330; a patriotic American with a German heart, 331; a millionaire whom no one begrudged, 332; truly and widely mourned, 333; scorned to purchase certificates of merit from French Exposition, 333; “man of rare goodness,” 338

Sterling, IV., New York customhouse weigher, 408 n.

Stetson, IV., 304, 349

Stevens, (lawyer) II., 134

Stevens [Stephens], Aaron D., I., in John Brown's raid, 155

Stevens (General), Isaac Ingalls, I., 220

Stevens, Thaddeus, I., 375; V., 53

Stevenson, V., and partisan removals from office, 171

Stevenson, Adlai E., V., in letter of acceptance, should declare against free coinage of silver, 121

Stewart, William Morris, II., 76, 84, 85, 86, 92, 116, 184, 185, 195, 197, 198

Stickney, IV., 107, 108

Stickney, W. B., I., 323

Stockton, John P., I., 484

Stone, Melville E., IV., to, 482

Storey, Moorfield, V., to, 82; to, 83; to, 124; VI., 136; to, 202; to, 428; able address on Philippine independence, 443

Story (Judge), Joseph, III., 6, 7

Stoughton, William L., III., 346

Straus, Isidor, V., letters to and from, about Wanamaker, 18 and n.

Straus, Oscar S., IV., sent to Turkey, 477; to, 491; to, 491; V., to, 13; relinquishes candidacy, 236; appointment of, 475

Sturtevant case, V., 177, 178

Suffrage Association, Massachusetts Woman, IV., municipal suffrage for women, 149, 150

Suffrage for the negro, II., 14, 323

Sulloway, Cyrus A., VI., advocates the conversion or the killing of foreign dependencies, 17

Sumner, Charles, I., famous speech, 30; his biographer, 41 n.; to, 195; to, 207; from, 209; to, 254; to, 258; from, 263; from, offers to pay extra premium on Schurz's life insurance policy, 265; to, 265; to, 266; from, 267; to, 267; to, 274; to, 277; calls for Schurz's report on the South, 277 n.; from, 278; from 374; II., to, 70; the President's message and Hayti, 75; Germany and San Domingo, 108, 114; the tropics for the colored race, 119; resolution of, as to San Domingo, 177 n., 178, 254; Grant and the war power, 180, 182, 190, 195, 206, 208, 221; personal abuse cannot alter facts, 239; criticism of Grant, a blow struck at the Republican party, 245; compared to Brutus, 246; chairman of Foreign Relations Committee, 253; to, 256; from, 309; to, 311; regard for welfare of the lowly, 348; Massachusetts waiting for him to speak his mind, 353; during Greeley campaign, 383; Godkin's characterization of, 387; III., titles of speeches mentioned: The True Grandeur of Nations, 9; Reception of Kossuth, 25; Land Policy, 25; Ocean Postage, 25; Fugitive-slave Law, 25; Barbarism of Slavery, 30; IV., relates Lincoln anecdote to Schurz, 436; V., indebtedness of, to Schurz in arguing the French arms case, 34-37; Republican party, 79; efforts of, in favor of the purchase of Alaska, 193; succeeds Daniel Webster in the Senate, 24, 61, 446; VI., gave expression to what many thought, 281; his breach with Grant, 281, 282, 286; his rupture with Fish, 282, 283, 286; character of, treated by Adams with unconscious contempt, 281, 284; disappointed with the Treaty of Washington, 283; motives of, deserved the highest respect, 285; objectionable remark of, concerning Charles F. Adams, Sr., estranges Dr. Palfrey and Dana, 286

Sumner, Charles, Eulogy on, III., 2; bitterly opposed while alive, universally regretted when dead, 3; his school career, 5; studies law, is admitted to the bar, 6; visits England, 7; visits France, Italy, Germany and resumes law practice in Boston, 8; delivers 4th of July oration, 9; his idealism, 11; a political abolitionist, 12; elected United States Senator, 13; political object to be attained, 24; attacks fugitive-slave law, 25; devotee of a great idea, 27; unconscious of his moral courage, 28; visits de Tocqueville, 29; advocates admission of Kansas as a free State, 30; demands negro suffrage, 31; attacked by Brooks, 29, 32; urges general emancipation, 33, 37; extinction of slavery the consequence of rebellion, 35; appeals to Lincoln, 37; admitted to affectionate friendship, 38; attends Lincoln's second inauguration ball, 39; watches each legislative detail in the annihilation of slavery, 40; chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs, 43; Trent affair, 44; Mexico and the Monroe doctrine, 45; speech on the Alabama case, 46; advocate of arbitration, 47; closing period of his life, 48; introduces bill for civil service reform, 50; rupture with Grant, 51; is superseded as chairman of Committee on Foreign Affairs, 54; attacked by serious illness, 54; goes to Europe, 55; as he appeared to the South, 56; as he really was, 57; introduces civil-rights bill and one affecting regimental colors, 58; resolution of censure, 59; resolution expunged, 60; true to his convictions of duty, 61; his attainments and his limitations, 63; his power of fascination, 66; his self-appreciation, 69; his home 70; tribute from the South, 71

Sumner, Charles Pinckney, III., 5

Swayne, General, I., 314, 347

Swift, Lucius B., IV., to, 406; interested in civil service reform, 454; appreciated by Cleveland, 472; V., to, 176

T

Taft, Alphonso, III., from, 216

Taft, William H., VI., advises delay in granting independence to the Philippines, 292, 296; reports on the Philippines, 303; Doherty report to be brought to the attention of, 309; speaking against Philippine independence, 350; makes excuses for Roosevelt, 382; favors United States retaining possession of the Philippines, 428

Tammany, II., no hope of reform with, in power, 68; IV., hostile to Cleveland, 206, 207; Hewitt said to have given pledges to, 461; report denied by Hewitt, 462; V., and Cleveland, 122, 148; its bosses and leaders, 167; how it may be ended, 170; how stripped of its power, 216; McKinley Administration to avoid becoming involved with, 431; in relation to Roosevelt, 525; VI., engaged in circumventing the civil service law, 147; Italian brigands, etc., and, 276; see Hill and Hillism

Taney (Judge), Roger Brooke, I., 137

Tariff, I., in 1855, a leading question, 14; II., 1; not responsible for the “bolt” in Missouri, 32, 33; used as a party issue, 41, 58, 61; important, but not the only question, 67; duties on imports, enrich the few, oppress the many, 259, 290; in reference to Germans in the West, 371; Schurz favors reduction to revenue basis, 433; IV., not a leading issue in 1884, 183, 225; conflicting views as to equal taxation as applied to tariff duties, 200; subject changed from Mulligan letters to the, 233, 244, 269; not Cleveland's crucial test, 289; protection gains in the South, loses in the North, 386; Democratic party should be statesmanlike in treatment of, 464; Cleveland's message on, 492; V., as an issue in 1892, 87; protective tariff a “war measure,” 93; Democratic policy feared, 111; reform of, 126, 141, 152, 180; espoused by Cleveland, opposed by Hill, 237, 239, 246; McKinley vs. Wilson, 239, 241; advanced by Cleveland, 343; Democratic reaction, 344; high tariff opposed by Schurz, 406, 419, 420; Webster changed from free-trader, 436; to protectionist, 437; to high tariff, 441; VI., McKinley, 268; highest ever enacted, 362; Roosevelt and the, 429; widespread desire for reduction of, 430

Tariff question, The, V., 40; first tariff and steady advance inmates, 42; “tariff of abominations,” 42, 67; high protection encourages lack of thrift, speculation and extravagant business methods, 44; lobbyists responsible for most high tariff laws, 45; agriculturists oppressed by the tariff, 46; prosperity under low tariff, 50; civil war exigencies, 53; self-sacrifice of the war period, 57; the forming of “trusts,” 61; anti-trust law a lightning rod to protect the tariff, 62; country most prosperous, progressive and contented when the tariff was lowest, 65; one-man power growing, 69, 70, 71; the Republican party and the tariff, 77-80

Tatum, “Old,” II., 526

Taylor, Zachary, II., 199; V., 445

Techow affair, IV., 508 and n.

Teller, Henry M., IV., resolution for Senate inquiry, 151; V., the silver purchase act, 353

Temperance, II., 371

Temple, Captain, II., 221, 222, 229

Tenure of office act, I., 481 n.

Texas, II., duty of United States to protect, pending annexation, 191, et seq.; flag of, 231; III., annexation of, 22; V., annexation opposed by Daniel Webster, 442

Thibaut, Anton Friedrich Justus, III., 8

Third term, III., 494

Third ticket in 1900 Presidential campaign, VI., would help defeat McKinley, 191, 200, 201

Thomas, III., Louisiana “revolution,” 118

Thomas (Adjutant-General), George E., I., 217, 221

Thomas, Colonel, I., 315, 326

Thomas (Major-General), George Henry, III., 410

Thompson, V., unsuccessful candidacy of, 137

Thompson, Hubert O., IV., 405

Thornburgh, attack on, III., 504

Threescore and ten, At, VI., 39; reviews the sights and feelings of Schurz's first days in America, 41; slavery and loss of office because of change in Administration unbelievable conditions in a republic, 42; proud of being an American citizen, he still remembers the Fatherland with reverential affection, 43; pays tribute to the progressive spirit of Americans, 45; the Schurz toast, 46

Thurman, Allen G., I., 485; II., 197, 198; IV., 222, 352; V., to, 80; from, 81

Tibbles, IV., 60, 71, 72, 109, 111, 148

Tilden, Samuel J., III., as a reformer, 259, 266, 267, 271, 273, 274, 307 et seq.; Grant most favorable to, 260, 391; his running-mate, an inflationist, 265; “a demagogue and a grasper after popularity,” 272; German voters inclining toward, 280; the contested election, 347, 349, 355, 362; Tilden and the Republican party, 363; a “monomaniac on the Presidency," 395; preëlection gains, 396; IV., not an ideal candidate, 203; Tammany hostile to, 206; “political trickster,” 212

Tillman, J. W., I., 161 n.

Tilton, Theodore, II., 376

Times, New York, V., exposes numerous pension frauds, 226, 227; suggest plan of revising pension roll, 230

Tocqueville, Alexis de, III., 29

Tomasese, V., unwelcome to Samoans, as their king, 5

Tracewell, R. J., VI., decision of, in civil service case, 144

Tracy, Secretary, V., places laborers in navy yards under civil service rules, 150, 218

Trent case, III., 34, 44

Trenton, Tennessee, murders, III., 86, 87

True grandeur of nations, The, Sumner's plea for universal peace, III., 9

Trumbull, Lyman, I., 167; II., 122, 123, 252, 377, 382, 383; V., 35

Truth, justice and liberty, For, VI., 215; expansion of United States means extension of Constitutional system, 217; imperialism, the outcome of Dewey's victory, 222; formal notification by Aguinaldo of the establishment of Filipino Government, 226; placing the responsibility for the war, 229; reason given for holding the Philippines, 233; size and surroundings of our army of occupa tion, 235; argument for imperialistic policy, 236; true democracy, 237; public opinion concerning United States, 240; introduction of censorship of news, 242; how make reparation, 245; arguments against Filipino independence answered, 246; the money question, 251; crisis of 1900 momentous, 252; commercializing the flag, 254; to rid the United States of the peril of imperialism, 255

Tully, E. V., I., 323

Turner Hall, Cincinnati, III., Schurz speaks in, 161 n.; packed to hear Schurz, 216

Tweed, Wm. M., IV., 487, 488

Twining, Dr., IV., the Cleveland scandal, 273

Tyler, John, II., 130, 191-199, 201, 202, 203 n., 204, 207, 208, 215, 219, 221; V., 442

Tyler, Moses Coit, IV., from, 481

Tyng (Reverend), Dr., III., 232

U

Unarmed peace, V., enjoyed by but one nation, 515

Union, indissolubility of, V., maintained by Daniel Webster, 438

United States, V., great neutral Power of the world, 473

United States and Great Britain, V., war between, 250

United States vs. Bank of Metropolis, IV., 172, 185

Universal peace, III., 9, 24, 55, 71

[Unknown], III., to, 420

[Unknown], VI., to, 444

“Unrepresented,” the, VI., their influence on public opinion, 46, 47

Upshur, Abel Parker, II., 206

Ute reservation, IV., 92

Utes, III., 503; IV., their noted chief, 140; changing from tribal to individual ownership of land, 141

V

Vallandigham, Clement L., I., 463

Van Alen, General, III., 358

Van Buren, Martin, II., 130

Vance (Governor), Joseph, I., 253, 254

Vance (Senator), Zebulon Baird, V., 163

Van Zandt, chargé d'affaires, II., 200

Vardaman, Governor, VI., 339, 349

Vaughan, James R., III., 118

Venezuela claimants, II., 309

Venezuelan question, The, V., 249; resolutions on, 249 n.; President's message on, 250; Monroe doctrine discussed, 252; changed from boundary dispute to international difference, 253; President appoints commission, 254; Schurz suggests a commission be appointed by Great Britain to act in concert, 255; United States substantially unassailable, 257, 263; disputed boundary, 265; arbitration desired in, 272; Cleveland's message on, 365

Verandah Hall, I., 122 n.

Vigers, III., Louisiana, “revolution,” 118, 119

Villard, Henry, IV., 152, 153

Villard, Henry Hilgard, V., Schurz's remarks at the funeral of, 37

Villard, Oswald, VI., 292

Vocke, William, VI., to, 278

Voltaire, IV., 333; meeting of, with Franklin, 337

Voorhees, Daniel W., V., the placating of, affirmed and denied, 134, 135, 137, 163; the silver purchase act, 353

Voss, Charlotte, I., to, 1 and n.

Votes in the South distributed, V., 73

W

Wade, II., 221, 229

Wade, Benjamin, I., as Presidential nominee, 113, 114; speaks at Chicago Convention, 172

Waldauer, I., 482, 483

Walker, II., and his “Congress,” 130

Walker, Albert H., IV., to, 274; to, 284

Walker, Francis A., III., to, 228; to, 232

Walker, General, IV., 82, 87, 89, 90

Walker, Robert J., V., inaugurates new tariff system, 48; same system needed in 1890, 67

Walpole, Horace, II., 173

Wanamaker, John, V., place in Cabinet because of contribution to campaign funds, 13, 90; to, 14; Bayard's exclamation points, 18; to, 18; the tariff, 58; IV., partisan attitude of, 467

War, The logical results of the, I., 377; problems of reconstruction, 378 et seq.; expectations of conquered and conquerors, 380-382; the moment for decisive action, 382; tribute to Lincoln, 383, 411; President Johnson and reconstruction, 383-385; reactionary movement, 385 et seq.; appeal of Southern Unionists, 389; Congress the only check upon the South, 392; danger and consequences of admitting rebels to Congress, 393-401 et seq.; results achieved by the war, to be made permanent by Constitutional amendment, 402; enfranchisement of the negro 403; civil rights Constitutional amendment defended, 405; rights of conquerors, 406; national responsibilities, 408; the restored Union as it should be, 412; the Union of Johnson's policy, 413; the obligations of the North, 415; its final triumph, 416

Warburton, III., injurious statements in the Telegraph, 506

Ward (Dr.), Julius Hammond, IV., conclusions of, concerning Cleveland scandal, coincide with those of Schurz, 272

Waring, Colonel, V., 525

Warner, Willard, II., 105, 106, 163

Warren, Fiske, VI., 302

Warren, G. Washington, III., to, 154

Warren (Reverend), Joseph, I., 329

Warren, Winslow, IV., to, 457; V., to, 259

Washburn, I., 78, 79 n., 113

Washburne, Elihu B., I., 519; III., 380

Washington, D. C., I., impressions of, 8-11, 25, 34, 437

Washington, Booker T., VI., should not be drawn into politics, 310; hotel service refused to, 345; entertained at Windsor Castle and at the White House, 346

Washington, George, abolition of slavery, I., 94, 96, 137, 146, 229; Lincoln next to, 251, 254 n.; Hancock praised as a second, 441; II., highest reward of a true Republican, 251, 252; III., Centennial anniversary of the Republic, 296; Grant's Administration, 301, 302; civil service as established by, 310; IV., private correspondence of, 282; sends for Franklin, 331; praises Franklin's treaty with Prussia, 340; V., Schurz pays tribute to, 21, 22; teaching of Farewell Address, 212, 419, 421, 493, 494, (VI.) 30, 153, 189, 239, 374; greatest achievement of, 493; VI., what gave dignity and weight to his teaching 31, 36; inspires admiration, 42; urged by veterans of the Revolution to make himself monarch, 71; in the land of, 77 n., 81, 90, 103; centennial of the death of, 122; Republic of, 232; as an example, 244; acknowledges a set of complimentary verses, 346

Washington and Lincoln, For the Republic of, VI., 150; Washington's recognition of the hand of Providence, 151; his appreciation of the greatest of our opportunities, 153; his exalted example, 153; our unique continental situation, 154; war with Spain, 157; Aguinaldo invited to coöperate, 159; Philippines bought from Spain, 160; friendship of the Filipinos forfeited, 174; no war in the Philippines had Administration remained true to its solemn pledge, 177; the final verdict rests with the people, 179; to recognize the independence of the Philippines, the only honorable course, 184, 292, 295

Washington, treaty of, III., 47; VI., criticism of address by Charles Francis Adams, Jr., 281; debate led by Sumner, 283

Weaver, General, IV., 34

Weaver, Mayor, VI., makes brave fight against corrupt political conditions, 429

Weber (Samoan Consul), V., 7

Weber, J. H., I., 315

Webster, Daniel, III., 13, 14, 15; a mighty advocate, 17; reasons for advocating compromise, 23; succeeded by Sumner, 24, 61, 446; V., disapproved of four-year rule, 165

Webster, Daniel, V., 431; characteristics and early success of, 432; Dartmouth College case, 434; chosen orator on all State occasions, 435; free-trade speech of, 436; “Reply to Hayne,” 437; incentive needed to arouse the best efforts of, 438; disappointed ambitions of, 439; disregard of money obligations, 441; made Secretary of State; concludes Ashburton treaty; opposes annexation of Texas, war with Mexico and condemns slavery, 442; denounces secession but apologizes for slavery, 443; again Secretary of State, 445; last words and death of, 446; his legacy to his country, 447

Wedderburn, IV., 329, 330

Weed, Thurlow, I., 72

Wellington, Duke of, II., 173

Wells, Governor, I., 299, 322, 326

Welsh, Herbert, VI., to, 38; correspondence, 302, 307; to, 348

Welsh, Wm., IV., 57; reports on Indian service to National Civil Service Reform League, 455

Wentworth, John, I., 110

Wermuth, V., commissioner to Chicago Exposition, 189

West India islands, II., 76

West Point military academy, IV., 17

Weyler, General VI., and the reconcentrado camps, 279, 293

Wharton, Francis, IV., 441

Wheeler compromise, III., 400

Wheeler, Everett P., V., 232 n., 233, 247, 248

Whig party, V., rise of, 436; Clay leader of, 439; deserted by Tyler, 442; bewildered by Webster's change in reference to slavery, 444; Webster hopes for nomination by, 445; end of, 446

Whipple, Edwin Percy, I., 47

White, Alfred T., IV., to, 409

White, Andrew D., high standing of, 128; VI., selected for foreign mission, 270

White Eagle, IV., 105, 106, 107

“White hat,” II., 379

White, Horace, II., 381; from, 382; from, 382; change in political views, 388; to, 443; III., signs circular call to Fifth Avenue Hotel conference, 229; letter of, mentioned, 283, 285; from, 480; IV., letter of, mentioned, 1, 5; Garfield thinks White wrong in his conclusions, 46; Edmunds regrets not seeing White, 154; from, 348; reports Cabinet appointments, 355; VI., 292; to, 357; from, 357

Whiting, Indian agent, IV., 71

Whitney, Wm. C., IV., desired by Cleveland in Cabinet, 348, 349, 355, 357, 359; ostentatious display of, 467; V., 122

Wickoff, A. T., III., from, 217; to, 217; Schurz will speak to Germans of the West, 288, 290

Wideawakes, I., escort Lincoln and Schurz to mass-meeting, 120

Wilberforce, William, III., 46

William I., Emperor, IV., 495; why admired and respected in America, 497; wherein lay his greatness as a ruler, 498, 499; assumes crown “given him by God,” 500; confirmation vow, 501; his successor, 504

Williams, George Fred., IV., 285; to, 290; to, 293; to, 294; to, 429; V., dinner in honor of, 84

Williams, George H., II., 170, 171; III., 143, 147

Williams, Roger, I., taught the “sanctity of conscience,” 62

Wilson (General), Henry, I., 38, 46, 47, 72-76; II., 155; IV., 426

Wilson, James H., III., 220, 226

Wilson (Representative, West Virginia), V., leader of silver purchase-act repeal party, 352; made chairman, House Committee, Ways and Means, 360

Wiltz, L. A., III., 116, 117, 118

Windom, William, IV., 200

Winnemucca, Chief, III., 501

Winslow, Erving, VI., to, 191; opposed to third-ticket plan, 201, 202; to, 301; to, 353; to, 443

Wirz, Henry, I., 438

Wisconsin, German element powerful in, I., 19; cheapness of living in, rapid growth of, 20; votes for Frémont, 26; Watertown made county-seat, 27; defeat of Republicans, 31; University of, 38; will vote for Chicago nominee, 113; will go for Lincoln, 118

Wise, Henry A., I., 154, 438

Wolf, Simon, IV., to, 198; V., to, 340

Women, American, I., privileges of, 4

Wood, IV., 436

Woodhull, Mrs. Victoria, II., 376

Woods, Major-General, I., 304, 329

Woolsey, Theodore D., III., 225, 229, 232, 233, 240

Worcester, Professor, VI., answers an anti-imperialist speech, 174

Wright, Silas, III., 179

Y

Yorke, Lieutenant-Colonel, I., 293, 315