Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 17

TRANSACTIONS

AND

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,

1884.

VOL. XVII.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE,

By

JAMES HECTOR, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.

Issued May, 1885.

WELLINGTON:
LYON AND BLAIR, PRINTERS, LAMBTON QUAY

TRUBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.

CORRIGENDA.

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PAGE.
5,	line 3 from bottom, for corner read cornu
13, 16, 19 and 20, for Plate VII. read Plate VIII.
16,	line 9, read Chermes (Anisophleba) pini,
20 and 31, for Plate VIII. read Plate VII.
151,	line 20, for Phaomidæ read Phasmidæ
158,	line 19, for Pupirora read Pupivora
167,	to last 3 lines in table of dimensions, add from snout
179,	line 16, for Wairau read Wairoa
260,	line 1, for luteo-vivens read luteo-virens
263,	line 10 from bottom, for vividulum read viridulum
268,	line 22, for hyssoid read byssoid
270,	line 23, for primatisect read pinnatisect
274,	line 10 from bottom, for isolated read abundant
293,	line 11, for heavier read hairier
314,	line 22, for pisaniopsis read pisanopsis
342,	line 9 from bottom, for lakes read caves
361,	line 14, for Timaru read London
369,	line 21, for straum read steam
369,	line 14 from bottom, for Maddeburg read Magdeburg
372,	line 23, for lava read Java
376,	line 4, for Secchi read Facchini
376,	line 8 from bottom, for Breithom read Breithorn
384,	line 22, for intense read vitreous
403,	line 22, for Cosee read Coxe

CONTENTS.

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TRANSACTIONS.

I.—Zoology.
			PAGES
Art.	I.	Notes on the Skeleton and Baleen of a Fin-whale (Balænoptera musculus?) recently acquired by the Otago University Museum. By T. Jeffery Parker, B. Sc. Lond., Professor of Biology in the University of Otago	3–13
	II.	Note on an Aphidian Insect infesting Pine Trees, with Observations on the Name "Chermes" or "Kermes." By W. M. Maskell, F.R.M.S.	13–19
	III.	On a Parasite of the Penguin. By W. M. Maskell	19–20
	IV.	Further Notes on Coccidæ in New Zealand. By W. M. Maskell	20–31
	V.	On the Spiders of New Zealand. By A. T. Urquhart	31–53
	VI.	The Fresh-water Shells of New Zealand belonging to the Family Limnæidæ. By Professor F. W. Hutton	54–58
	VII.	Description of a new Species of Paper Nautilus (Argonauta gracilis). By T. W. Kirk	58–59
	VIII.	Notice of the Occurrence of the Eastern Golden Plover (Charadrius fulvus, Gml.) near Wellington. By T. W. Kirk	59–60
	IX.	Notes on some New Zealand Birds, exhibiting curious Variations of Colour. By T. W. Kirk	60–62
	X.	Supplement to a Monograph of the New Zealand Geometrina. By E. Meyrick, B.A.	62–68
	XI.	Descriptions of New Zealand Micro-lepidoptera. By E. Meyrick	68–120
	XII.	Descriptions of New Zealand Micro-lepidoptera. By E. Meyrick	121–140
	XIII.	Descriptions of New Zealand Micro-lepidoptera. By E. Meyrick	141–149
	XIV.	Description of a small Lizard, a Species of Naultinus, supposed to be new to Science. By W. Colenso, F.L.S.	149–151
	XV.	A Description of some newly-discovered New Zealand Insects believed to be new to Science. By W. Colenso	151–160
	XVI.	Notes on New Zealand Fishes. By W. Arthur, C.E.	160–172
	XVII.	Notes on Moa Remains in the Mackenzie Country and other Localities. By Frederick R. Chapman	172–178
	XVIII.	Objections to the Introduction of Beasts of Prey to destroy the Rabbit. By H. B. Martin	179–182
	XIX.	A short Description of a few Experiments bearing on the Question of Spontaneous Generation. By Dr. J. Hudson	182–186
	XX.	Notes on New Zealand Ornithology. By A. Reischek; communicated by Dr. Hector	187–198
	XXI.	Description of a new Octopus. By James Park	198–199
	XXII.	The Plague of Rats in Nelson and Marlborough. By John Meeson, B.A.	199–207
	XXIII.	Notes on the Dolphins of the New Zealand Seas. By James Hector, C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.	207–211
II.—Botany.
	XXIV.	On the Flowering Plants of Stewart Island. By T. Kirk, F.L.S.	213–228
	XXV.	On the Ferns and Fern Allies of Stewart Island. By T. Kirk	228–234
	XXVI.	New Species of Plants. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S., Curator of the Auckland Museum	235–236
	XXVII.	A Description of some newly-discovered and rare Indigenous Plants; being a further Contribution towards the making known the Botany of New Zealand. By W. Colenso, F.L.S.	237–265
	XXVIII.	A List of Fungi recently discovered in New Zealand. By W. Colenso	265–269
	XXIX.	Description of new Species of Native Plants. By D. Petrie, M.A.	269–271
	XXX.	Description of three new Species of Uncinia. By D. Petrie	271–272
	XXXI.	Description of a new Species of Carmichælia, with Notes on the Distribution of the Species native to Otago. By D. Petrie	272–274
	XXXII.	On the Botany of Te Aroha Mountain. By J. Adams, B.A.	275–287
	XXXIII.	Description of a new Species of Erigeron. By J. Buchanan, F.L.S.	287–288
	XXXIV.	Notes on Loranthus fieldii, Buchanan. By H. C. Field; communicated by Dr. Buller	288–290
	XXXV.	Notes on the Occurrence and Habits of some of our New Zealand Plants. By W. S. Hamilton	290–293
	XXXVI.	On the Punui of Stewart Island, Aralia lyallii, n.s. By T. Kirk, F.L.S.	293–297
	XXXVII.	Description of a new Species of Fagus. By T. Kirk	297–298
	XXXVIII.	Notes on the New Zealand Beeches. By T. Kirk	293–306
III.—Geology.
	XXXIX.	On the Age of the Orakei Bay Beds near Auckland. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.G.S.	307–313
	XL.	Descriptions of new Tertiary Shells. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.G.S.	313–332
	XLI.	On the Geological Structure of the Southern Alps of New Zealand, in the Provincial Districts of Canterbury and Westland. By Professor Julius von Haast, C.M.G., Ph.D., F.R.S.	332–337
	XLII.	Note on Geological Structure of the Canterbury Mountains. By Dr. Hector, Director of the Geological Survey of New Zealand	337–340
	XLIII.	Analysis of Slate in contact with Granite from Preservation Inlet, New Zealand. By A. Liversidge, F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Sydney; communicated by Professor F. W. Hutton	340–341
	XLIV.	On Water-worn Pebbles in the Soil. By James Coutts Crawford	341–342
	XLV.	On Changes in the Hataitai Valley. By James Coutts Crawford	342–343
	XLVI.	On the Drift Beds of Wakapuaka and Port Hills, with Remarks on the Boulder Bank and its Formation. By W. Wells	344–350
	XLVII.	The Ascent of Mount Franklin. By James Park, Survey Department	350–356
IV.—Miscellaneous.
	XLVIII.	On the recent Sun-glows and the Theories that have been advanced to account for them. By John Meeson, B.A.	357–386
	XLIX.	Red Sunsets. By William Ringwood	386–397
	L.	On a System of Technical Education for Artizans. By C. W. Purnell	398–407
	LI.	On Gravitational Experiments. By T. Wakelin	407–410
	LII.	Is Life a Distinct Force? By R. H. Bakewell, M.D., Fellow of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, etc.	410–417
	LIII.	Description of Mayor Island, Bay of Plenty. By E. C. Gold-Smith	417–427
	LIV.	On the Establishment of a Grand Hotel and Sanatorium in the Rotorua District. By James Stewart, M. Inst. C.E.	427–435
	LV.	Cat's Eye Bay. By Donald Sutherland	435–436
NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE.
Sixteenth Annual Report of the Board of Governors			439–440
PROCEEDINGS.
WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Address by the President, Dr. Buller, C.M.G., F.R.S. (abstract)			443–446
On a Deposit of Ironstone at Kawakawa, Bay of Islands. By A. McKay			446
On the Geology of Kawhia Harbour and the Mokau Country. By Dr. Hector			447
On the Suitability of New Zealand White Pine when creosoted for Railway Sleepers. By Dr. Hector			447
Notes on an Excursion to the Islands of Tonga, Samoa, Fiji, etc. By J. C. Crawford			447
On a Peculiar Form of Gold in Quartz. By Dr. Hector			447
List of Plants injured by Frost, at Taita, near Wellington. By T. Mason			447–448
Review of a Paper on the Moa by A. de Quatrefages. By W. M. Maskell			448
Notes on Identity of Minerals from the Wade and Makara. By Dr. Hector			448
On the Kea or Mountain Parrot. By A. McKay (abstract)			449
On Floating Breakwaters. By E. A. Gibbon			449
Abstract of Report for 1884			449–450
Election of Officers for 1885			450
On Australian Cave Paintings			450
Remarks on new New Zealand Birds. By Dr. Buller (abstract)			450
AUCKLAND INSTITUTE.
Anniversary Address by the President (abstract)			451–452
Notes on a Bird called Malau. By the Rev. S. W. Baker (abstract)			452
A Decade of new Feroniidæ. By Captain T. Broun, M.E.S.			452
New Species of Pselaphidæ. By Captain Broun			453
The Curse of Charity. By E. A. Mackechnie (abstract)			453–454
Observations on Geyser Eruptions and Terrace Formations. Part I. By J. Martin, F.G.S.			454
Buddhism and its Evolution Theories. Part I. By J. Murray Moore, M.D.			454
Geyser Eruptions and Terrace Formations. Part II. By J. Martin, F.G.S.			454
New Species of Coleoptera. By Captain T. Broun, M.E.S.			454
Buddhism and its Evolution Theories. Part II. By J. Murray Moore, M.D.			454
A successful Litigant. By E. A. Mackechnie			455
Notes on the Fertilization of certain New Zealand Plants. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S.			455
On re-naming New Zealand. By W. H. Blyth			455
Abstract of Report for 1884			455–456
Election of Officers for 1885			456
PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY.
On Earthquakes. By Professor Hutton			457
Technical Education. By D. Blair			457
The Diamond Fields of South Africa. By Professor Hutton			457
The exceptional Advantage of New Zealand for Sericiculture. By G. B. Federli			457
In Memoriam—Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter. By Professor Julius von Haast, C.M.G., Ph.D., F.R.S.			458
Remarks on the Canõn District of Colorado. By Professor Julius von Haast, C.M.G., Ph.D., F.R.S.			458
Resolutions regarding the New Zealand Institute			458
Abstract of Annual Report			459
Election of Officers for 1885			459
Address by the President			459
Origin of the Fauna and Flora of New Zealand. Part II. By Professor Hutton			459
OTAGO INSTITUTE.
On the New Zealand Institute, its Relation to the Affiliated Societies and to Scientific Work in New Zealand generally. By G. M. Thomson. (Abstract)			460–461
On the Anatomy of the Sea Mussel (Mytilus latus). By A. Purdie			461
On Additions to the Museum. By Prof. T. J. Parker, B.Sc. (abstract)			461–462
On the Early History of New Zealand. By Dr. Hocken			461
On some Mineral Occurrences in Dusky Sound. By Prof. Ulrich			462
Abstract of Annual Report			462
Election of Officers for 1885			462
On some Scientific Duties of the Government. By the President			462
WESTLAND INSTITUTE.
Abstract of Annual Report			463
HAWKE'S BAY PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE.
Election of Officers for 1884			464
On the Volcanic Disturbances in the Straits of Sunda. By the President			464
On the Birds of the Petane District, Hawke's Bay. By A. Hamilton			464
Exhibition of Fruit of the Persimmon. By Mr. Gilberd			464
On the Vegetating Caterpillar of New Zealand. By A. Hamilton			464
On Additions to the Museum. By A. Hamilton			464–465
Observations on some Hybrid Ducks. By Taylor White
A Plea for National Education. By H. Hill, B.A., Inspector of Schools			465
Remarks on New Zealand Birds. By A. Hamilton			465
Remarks on Echinoderms. By A. Hamilton			465
On a Species of Cuttlefish (Ommastrephes sloanii). By A. Hamilton (abstract)			465
On the Effect of the Scientific Societies of New Zealand on the Character of the Nation. By A. Hamilton			466
Abstract of Annual Report			466
Election of Officers for 1885			466
SOUTHLAND INSTITUTE.
On Development. By Dr. Galbraith			467
On the Records of an old English Borough. By the Rev. H. Stocker			467
On the Lignine Origin of the Quartz-pebble Beds of Southland. By W. S. Hamilton			467
On the Settlement of the People on the Lands. By Mr. Morgan			167
On the Senses and the Intellect. By Dr. Closs			167
On Alcohol. By Dr. Macpherson			168
On the Chemistry of Explosives. By P. F. Daniel			168
Abstract of Annual Report			468
Election of Officers for 1885			468
NELSON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
The History of the English Alphabet. By the Rev. St. Clair Tisdall			469
The Ascent of Mount Franklin. By W. S. Curtis			469
Some Observations on the Protozoa. By J. Gully, jun.			469
Agricultural Chemistry. By T. Hackett			469
On the Protection of Native Birds. By Hugh Martin			469
Nelson, a.d. 2,000. By the Rev. Dr. Taylor			469
Annual Address by the President			470
Abstract of Annual Report			470
Election of Officers for 1884–85			470
Resolution regarding the Constitution of the New Zealand Institute			470
Sanitary Law and its Influence on the Health and Well-being of the Community. By W. Wells			471
On the Protection of Native Birds. By Hugh Martin (abstract)			471
APPENDIX.
Meteorological Statistics for 1884			xlv.
Notes on the Weather during 1884			xlvi.
Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1884			xvlii.
Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			xlviii.
Ordinary Members of the New Zealand Institute			xlviii.–lxi.
List of Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented			lxii.–lxv.
Corrigenda			iii.
Contents			v.–ix.
List of Plates			x.
Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute			xi.
Abstracts of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute			xi.–xiii.
List of Incorporated Societies			xiv.
Officers of Incorporated Societies, and Extracts from the Rules			xiv.–xvi.
Anniversary Address of the President, His Excellency Sir W. F. D. Jervois G.C.M.G., C.B., etc.			xix.–xli.

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LIST OF PLATES.

		TO FACE PAGE.
I.	Presidential Address.—Waitemata Harbour Defences	xxxiv.
II.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ Port Nicholson Defences	xxxiv.
III.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ Lyttelton Harbour Defences	xxxiv.
IV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ Otago Harbour Defences	xxxiv.
V.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„ Bluff Harbour Defences	xxxiv.
VI.	Parker.—Balænoptera musculus	8
VII.	Maskell.—Coccidæ	24
VIII.	{{{1}}}„Kermaphis pini, var. lævis Ixodes eudyptidis	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$16
IX.	Urquhart.—Spiders	32
X.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	40
XI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	48
XII.	Hutton.—Limnæidæ	56
XIII.	T. W. Kirk.—Argonauta gracilis and A. tuberculata	58
XIV.	Arthur.—New Zealand Fishes	168
XV.	Buchanan.—Erigeron novæ-zealandiæ	288
XVI.	T. Kirk.—Fagus blairii	298
XVII.	{{{1}}}„Stilbocarpa polaris, Aralia lyallii	296
XVIII.	Hutton.—Fossil Shells	320
XIX.	Ringwood.—Diagram showing Equatorial Velocity of the Earth	392
XX.	Sutherland.—Cat's Eye Bay	436

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