Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 23

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE

TRANSACTIONS

AND

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,

1890

VOL. XXIII.

(Sixth of New Series)

EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE,

By

SIR JAMES HECTOR, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.

Director

Issued May, 1891.

WELLINGTON:

GEORGE DIDSBURY, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

TRÜBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL, LONDON E.C.

CONTENTS.

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TRANSACTIONS.

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I.—Zoology.
			PAGES.
Art.	I.	Further Coccid Notes: with Descriptions of New Species from New Zealand, Australia, and Fiji. By W. M. Maskell, F.R.M.S., Corr. Mem. Roy. Soc. of South Australia	1–36
	II.	An Exhibition of New and Forms of New Zealand Birds, with Remarks thereon. By Sir Walter L. Buller, K.C.M.G., F.R.S.	26–53
	III.	The Habits and Life-history of the New Zealand Glowworm. By G. V. Hudson, F.E.S.	43–49
	IV.	On the New Zealand Cicadæ. By G. V. Hudson	49–55
	V.	A few Words on the Codlin-moths, Carpocapsa pomonella, L., and Cacoecia excessana, Walk. By G. V. Hudson	56–58
	VI.	Notes on the New Zealand Squillidæ. By Charles Chilton, M.A., B.Sc.	58–68
	VII.	On the Changes in Form of a Parastic Isopod (Nerocila). By Charles Chilton	68–71
	VIII.	On the Anatomy of the Red Cod (Lotella bacchus). By Author:James M. Beattie, M.A., from the Biological Laboratory of the University of Otago: communicated by Professor Parker	71–83
	IX.	Descriptions of New Species of New Zealand Land and Fresh-water Shells. By H. Suter: communicated by the Secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury	84–93
	X.	Miscellaneous Communications on New Zealand Land and Fresh-water Molluscs. By H. Suter: communicated by the Secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury	93–96
	XI.	New Species of Lepidoptera. By E. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S.	97–101
	XII.	Revised List of the Marine Bryozoa of New Zealand. By Professor F. W. Hutton	102–107
	XIII.	Note on the Breeding Habits of the European Sparrow (Passer domesticus) in New Zealand. By T. W. Kirk, F.R.M.S., F.L.S.	108–110
	XIV.	Notes on Blights. By James Hudson, M.B.	111
	XV.	Takahe versus Kakapo. By James Park, F.G.S., Lecturer, Thames School of Mines	112–119
	XVI.	On the Origin of the Sternum. By T. Jeffery Parker, B.Sc., F.R.S., Professor of Biology in the University of Otago	119–123
	XVII.	Description of a New Species of Migas, with Notes on its Habits. By P. Goyen, F.L.S.	123–126
	XVIII.	Notice of the Occurrence of the Basking Shark (Selache maxima, L.) in New Zealand. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S., Curator of the Auckland Museum	126–127
	XIX.	On New Species of Araneæ. By A. T. Urquhart, Corr. Mem. Royal Society of Tasmania	128–189
	XX.	Notes on Sceloglaux albifacies, the Laughing Owl of New Zealand. By R. I. Kingsley	190–191
	XXI.	Description of a Remarkable Variation in the Colour of Platycercus auriceps. By R. I. Kingsley	192
	XXII.	On the Occurrence of Danais plexippus and Sphinx convolvuli (?) in Nelson. By R. I. Kingsley	192–194
	XXIII.	On Rats and Mice. By Taylor White	195–201
	XXIV.	On Rabbits, Weasels, and Sparrows. By Taylor White	201–207
	XXV.	Further Notes on Coloured Sheep. By Taylor White	207–216
	XXXVI.	On the Birds of the Kermadec Islands. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S., F.Z.S., Curator of the Auckland Museum	216–226
	XXVII.	A New Parasitic Copepod. By George M. Thomson, F.L.S.	227–229
	XXVIII.	On the Wandering Albatros: with an Exhibition of Specimens, and the Determination of a New Species. By Sir Walter L. Buller, K.C.M.G., F.R.S.	230–235
II.–Geology.
	XXIX.	Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fossil Flora of New Zealand. By Professor Dr. Constantin Baron von Ettingshausen, Hon. Member N.Z, Institute: communicated by Sir James Hector	237–310
	XXX.	On the Drift in South Canterbury. By J. Hardcastle	311–324
	XXXI.	On the Timaru Loess as a Climate Register. By J. Hardcastle	324–332
	XXXII.	On Glacier-motion. By J. Hardcastle	332–334
	XXXIII.	On the Microscopical Structure of the Ohinemuri Gold. By Dr. Rudolf Haeusler	335–340
	XXXIV.	On the Relation of the Kidnapper and Pohui Conglomerates to the Napier Limestones and Petane Marls. By H. Hill, B.A.	340–353
	XXXV.	Note on the Eruptive Rocks of the Bluff Peninsula, Southland. By Professor F. W. Hutton	353–355
	XXXVI.	On the Murchison Glacier. By G. E. Mannering	355–366
	XXXVII.	On Avian Remains found under a Lava-flow near Timaru, in Canterbury. By H. O. Forbes: communicated by the Secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury	366–373
	XXXVIII.	Note on the Disappearance of the Moa. By H. O. Forbes; communicated by the Secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury	373–375
	XXXIX.	On a Deposit of Diatomaceous Earth at Pakaraka, Bay of Islands, Auckland. By Alexander McKay, F.G.S.	375–379
III.—Botany.
	XL.	A Description of some Newly-discoverd Indigenous Plants, being a Further Contribution towards the making known the Botany of New Zealand. By W. Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c.	381–391
	XLI.	An Enumeration of Fungi recently discovered in New Zealand. By W. Colenso	391–398
	XLII.	Descriptions of New Native Plants, with Notes on some Known Species. By D. Petrie, M.A., F.L.S.	398–407
	XLIII.	On a New Species of Celmisia. By F. R. Chapman	407–408
	XLIV.	Further Notes on the Three Kings Islands. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S., F.Z.S., Curator of the Auckland Museum	408–424
	XLV.	On a Remarkable Variety of Asplenium umbrosum, J. Sm. By T. Kirk, F.L.S.	424–495
	XLVI.	On the Botany of the Snares. By T. Kirk	426–431
	XLVII.	On Pleurophyllum, Hook. f. By T. Kirk	431–456
	XLVIII.	On the Botany of Antipodes Island. By T. Kirk	436–441
	XLIX.	Description of New Species of Centrolepis, Labill. By T. Kirk	441–443
	L.	On the Macrocephalous Olearias of New Zealand, with Description of a New Species. By T. Kirk	443–445
	LI.	Notes on certain Species of Carex in New Zealand. By T. Kirk	448–451
IV.—Miscellaneous.
	LII.	The Story of John Rutherford. By Archdeacon W. L. Williams	455–461
	LIII.	On some Means for increasing the Scale of Photographic Lenses and the Use of Telescopic Powers in connection with an Ordinary Camera. By Alexander McKay, F.G.S.	461–465
	LIV.	The Determination of the Origin of the Earthquake of the 5th December, 1881, felt at Christchurch and other Places. By George Hogben, M.A.	465–470
	LV.	The Origin of the Earthquake of the 27th December, 1888, felt in Canterbury and Westland. By George Hogben	470–472
	LVI.	Notes on the Earthquake of 7th March, 1890, felt at Napier, Gisborne, and other Places. By George Hogben	473–477
	LVII.	Bush Notes; or, Short Objective Jottings. By W. Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c.	477–491
	LVIII.	The Outlying Islands south of New Zealand. By F. R. Chapman	491–522
	LIX.	The Age of Pulp: a Speculation on the Future of the Wood-fibre Industry. By the Rev. P. Walsh	523–526
	LX.	Thermal Springs in Lake Waikare, Waikato. By H. D. M. Haszard	527–528
	LXI.	On Vine-growing in Hawke's Bay. By the Rev. Father Yardin	528–531
	LXII.	Curious Polynesian Words. By Edward Tregear, F.R.G.S., F.R. Hist. Soc.	531–546
	LXIII.	The Rainfall of New Zealand. By J. T. Meeson, B.A.	546–569
	LXIV.	Milk as a Vehicle of Disease. By Ernest Roberton, M.D.	570–587
NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE.
Twenty-second Annual Report, 1889–90			511–512
Accounts for 1889–90			512
Correspondence regarding Donation, by Mr. C. R. Carter, of Books relating to New Zealand			593–594
PROCEEDINGS.
WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Inaugural Address by the President, C. Hulke, F.C.S.			597–599
On a New and Sensitive Barometer. By T. Wakelin, M.A.			600
On a Huge Kiwi (Apteryx maxima) from Stewart Island. By Sir W. Buller, K.C.M.G., F.R.S.			602–603
Notice of a Mantis Shrimp dredged at Wellington			604
Nomination of a Member to vote in Election of Governors of the Institute			608
Notes on the Entomology of the Inland Kaikouras. By G. V. Hudson, F.E.S.			611–612
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			612
Election of Officers for 1891			612
Further Notes on New Zealand Fishes. By Sir James Hector			614
On Patent Fuel. By Sir J. Hector			614
On the Discovery of Leiodon Remains in Middle Waipara. By A. McKay, F.G.S.			614
On Belemnites australis with Dicotyledonous Leaves. By A. McKay			614
On the Alleged Insular Character of Young Secondary and Older Tertiary Formations in New Zealand. By A. McKay			614
On Lithological Characters in Sequence as a Means of Correlation and as Indicative of Age. By A. McKay			614
Remark on Telescopic Photography			614
AUCKLAND INSTITUTE.
Anniversary Address by the President, J. Stewart, C.E.			615
Reminiscences of Egypt. By Sir W. Fox, K.C.M.G.			616
Language; or, The Formation of Words signifying Abstract Ideas. By F. D. Fenton			616
On the Foods of the Ancient Maori. By J. A. Pond			616
Note on the Habits of the Kingfisher (Halcyon vagans). By J. W. Hall			617
On John Dalton and his Work. By Professor F. D. Brown			617
On the Remarkable Character of our Native Fauna. By J. T. Nott, B.A.			618
On Spontaneous Division in Star-fish. By Professor A. P. W. Thomas, F.L.S.			618
Resolution regarding the late R. C. Barstow			619
On Immortality in the Animal World. By Professor A. P. W. Thomas			619
On the Study of Shakespeare. By E. A. Mackechnie			619
On British Influence in South Africa. By C. P. Newcombe			619
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			619–620
Election of Officers for 1891			629
PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY.
A New Solution of Euclid I. 47. By Professor Bickerton			621
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			623
Election of Officers for 1891			623–624
Annual Address by the President, J. T. Meeson, B. A.			624–625
OTAGO INSTITUTE.
Arrangements for Meeting in Christchurch of the Australasian Association for the Promotion of Science			626
Notes on the Etymology of the Word "Penguin.” By Dr. Belcher			626
On the Existence of the Cat in Ancient Italy. By Dr. Belcher			626
Exhibit of Cast of Neobalena marginata			626
On the Geological Demonstration of the Glacial Extinction of the Moa. By the Rev. J. Christie			627
On the Philosophy of David Hume. By Dr. Salmond			627
On the Moa, and the Probable Cause of its Extinction. By Vincent Pyke, M.H.R.			627
On Two Species of Cumacea. By G. M. Thomson, F.L.S.			627
On the Dramatic Works of Ibsen. By Dr. Belcher			628
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			628
Election of Officers for 1891			628
Remarks on the History of the Otago Institute. By D. Brent			628
WESTLAND INSTITUTE.
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			629
Election of Officers for 1891			629
HAWKE'S BAY PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE.
Inaugural Address by the President, Dr. W. I. Spencer, F.L.S.			630
On Two Neck-ornaments or Pendants made of Bone (found in Otago). By A. Hamilton			630
Exhibits of Birds and Eggs from the Kermadee Islands			630
On Health. By Robert C. Lamb			630
On Fish-fungus. By Dr. Spencer			630
On Useless or Injurious Instincts in Insects. By Dr. Moore			631
On the Geological Descent of the Horse. By Dr. Spencer			631
On Spiders and their Webs. By Dr. Spencer			631
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			631–632
Election of Officers for 1891			632
Observations on Crinum asiaticum and a large Star-fish			632
NELSON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Donations to the Museum			633
Mount Cook and its Glaciers. By W. S. Curtis			633
Alaska. By T. B. Huffam			634
Abstract of Annual Report			634
Election of Officers for 1891			634
Donations to the Museum exhibited			634
APPENDIX.
Meteorological Statistics for 1890			639
Notes on the Weather for 1890			640
Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1890			641
Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			642
Ordinary Members of the New Zealand Institute			643–652
Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented			653–657
Alphabetical Index			659–662
Contents			v–x
List of Plates			xi
Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute			xiii
Abstract of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute			xiii–xv
Officers of Incorporated Societies, and Extracts from the Rules			xvi–xviii

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LIST OF PLATES.

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	Author		TO FACE PAGE
I.	Maskell.—Coccididæ	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	32
II.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
III.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
IV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
V.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VIII.	G. V. Hudson.—New Zealand Glowworm		48
VIIa.	J. Hudson.—Rhyzobius		48[1]
IX.	G. V. Hudson.—Cicada cingulata		54
X.	Chilton.—Lysiosquilla spinosa	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	64
XI.	{{{1}}}„Nerocila macleayii
XII.	Beattie.—Lotella bacchus	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	80
XIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XIV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XVI.	Suter.—New Zealand Land and Fresh-water Shells	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	96
XVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XIX.	Parker.—To illustrate History of Sternum		120
XX.	Goyen.—Migas sandageri		124
XXI.	Urquhart.—New Species of Araneæ		188
XXII.	White.—Maori Rats	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	208
XXIIa.	{{{1}}}„Four-horned Sheep
XXIII.	Thomson.—Lepeophtheirus erecsoni		228
XXIV.	Von Ettingshausen.—Fossil Flora of New Zealand	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	310
XXV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXIX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXIII.	Haeusler.—Forms of Ohinemuri Gold	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	340
XXXIV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXV.	Mannering.—Map of Murchison Glacier		360
XXXVI.	Forbes.—To illustrate Paper on Avian Remains		368
XXXVII.	Cheeseman.—Map of the Three Kings	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	446
XXXVIII.	{{{1}}}„ View on the Great King
XXXIX.	T. Kirk.—Pleurophyllum hookerianum	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	432
XL.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLI.	Hogben.—Chart showing Origin of Earthquake of 1881	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	476
XLII.	{{{1}}}„ Chart showing Origin of Earthquake of 1888
XLIII.	{{{1}}}„ Chart showing Origin of Earthquake of 1890
XLIV.	Haszard.—Map of Thermal Springs in Lake Waikare		528
XLV.	Meeson.—Map of Rainfall in New Zealand		560
XLVI.	Chapman.—Chart of Lord Auckland Islands	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	496
XLVII.	{{{1}}}„ Coast Scenery of Lord Auckland Islands
XLVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLIX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„

1. For explanation see p. 111.