Hand-book of Volapük/Key to the Exercises
KEY TO THE EXERCISES.
EXERCISE I.
1. Buks. Dels. Doabs. Dogs. Doms. Gans. Jips. Mans. Mugs. Muls. Puls. Vigs. Yels.
2. Buks, dels, mans, doms, mugs, muls, gans, puls, vigs, doabs.
3. Ol in the first sentence; ols in the second.
4. Tel, lul, kilsekil, folsetel, kil, folsebal, mäl, telsetul, luls, velselul, baltum, vel, velsevel, veltum velsevel, velmil veltum velsevel, jöl, balsejöl, mäl, zülsezül, balselul, balsekil, mälsefol, lulsebal, jölsefol, velsevel, kiltum kilsekil, balmil jöltum jölsevel, balsetel.
5. Mans lul; puls kil; yels balsetel; doabs tels; yels bals; muls kil; mugs mäl; doabs luls; doms balsemäl; buks kilmil; jips baltum; puls lulselul; yels kilsetel e muls bals; dels vel; vig bal; dels kils; mul bal; dels kiltum mälselul, muls balsetel, vigs lulsetel, yel bal; doabs telmil veltum mälsezül.
6, 7. 10 men; one goose; we; three months; four horses; 100 years; two sheep; nine mice; twelve dollars; 200 books; twelve months; one year; 365 days; one year; YOU; we two.
EXERCISE II.
Fatas, pules, mana, doge, gans.
The man has a dog. The man has two dogs. The boy has two dogs and one sheep. The dog sees the goose. The boy sees the dog. The man gives the dog to the boy, or the man gives the boy the dog. The boy gives the goose to the man. The man gives the boy three dollars. The dog has four feet. The goose has two feet. The man has two feet and two hands. The man's dog has four feet. The man's father gives four dollars to the boy. (The next sentence is incorrect; doab should be doabi; it will then be read:) Father! the man gives one dollar to the boy. Who brings the dogs to the man? The boy brings the dogs to the man. Who has money? The father has money.
| Answers: | Pul labom dogi. Dog logom gani. |
Man givom dogi pule. Man givom dogi pule. Man givom dogi pule. |
EXERCISE III.
I am. I give. I bring. I speak. I go. I come. I have a book.
We give money. We have two books. I give money to the man. We bring books to the boy. We bring the boy's books.
Pükob. Golob. Labob gani. Labobs bukis. Labob bukis lul. Givobs moni mane. Givob doabis lul pule. Blinobs dogi mane. Blinob bukis. Blinob bukis pulas. Blinob bukis pules. Givobs bukis pules.
EXERCISE IV.
You have the book. You speak. You go. YOU have a father. You bring me a book. I bring you books. YOU give money to the boys. YOU come and we go. We speak and YOU hear.
Labol buki. Labols bukis. Pükols e lilobs. Logol mani. Kömobs e golols. Kömol e golob. Labol bukis. Givol bukis pules. Pükol obe. Givob moni ole. Givol moni obe.
Kömom. Golof. Givom moni mane. Labof buki. Blinom dogi pule. Pükof. Logom mani e puli. Givom moni obe.
EXERCISE V.
He teaches. Who teaches? The man teaches. He sells books. Who sells books? I sell books. He gives money. Who gives money? The father gives money. The man teaches the boy. The merchant sells books. The man drinks water. The woman drinks wine. The cat eats the mouse. The boy eats bread.
What does he give to the boy? He gives the boy money and bread. What does she bring to the man? She brings water. What does the woman eat? She eats bread and drinks water. What does the man eat? He eats bread and drinks wine. The sheep eats grass.
Man dlinom vini. Vom dlinof vati. Fat pula givom moni vome. Mot blinof bodi pule.
Kömom. Kim kömom? Man kömom. Fidom bodi. Fidob bodi. Givom doabi. Kim givom doabi? Fat givom doabi. Man labom dogi. Pul lemom buki. Fat dlinom vini. Mot dlinof vati. Dog logom kati. Pul fidom bodi. Kisi fidom? Fidom bodi. Kim fidom bodi? Kisi givof pule? Givof moni pule. Kisi vom fidof? Fidof bodi e miti. Dog logom jipis kil.
Fidob miti, fidol bodi; dlinom vati, dlinof vini. Labobs bukis, labols logis, laboms lilis.
EXERCISE VI.
They teach. Who teach? The men teach. They sell books. The merchants sell books to the boys. They have money. Who have money? The merchants have money. The men eat bread and meat. The women drink wine and water. The man writes a letter. The merchants write letters. The boys write letters. The women write letters to the men.
Dogs logoms jipis. Jips logoms dogi. Jip logom dogi. Mans penoms penedis. Puls logoms tonabis. Voms dlinofs vati. Mans dlinoms vini. Jip fidom yebi. EXERCISE VII.
The man is a merchant. The week (or a week) is seven days. The day is a part of the week. The hour is a part of the day. The month is a part of the year. Water and wine are drinks. It snows. It thunders. One sees animals. One drinks water. One eats bread (Bread is eaten). One reads books (Books are read).
Pul binom julel (not juleli). Dogs e jips binoms nims. Del binom dil yela. Bod binom fid. Vin binom dlin. Vat binom dlin. Binob tedel. Binol julel. Binols julels. Tötos. Fidon miti. Nifos. Sagon, das binol julel. Dog fidom bodi. Dogs e jips binoms nims. Sagon das tötos. Logon, das nifos.
EXERCISE VIII.
Jiflen. Vom sanela. Jiviudel. Jilautel. Vomül Maria binof jilanel. Jisanel. Jijeval. Jiblod. Jinelijel. Jimatel.
EXERCISE IX.
January is the first month. July is the seventh month. Tuesday is the third day of the week. December is the twelfth month of the year. Three o'clock. What o'clock (what time) is it? It is ten o'clock.
Velüdel binom del velid viga. Babul binom mul balsebalid. Binom düp folid.
EXERCISE X.
My teacher teaches five boys. Who is your teacher? Our teacher has twenty-four scholars. Our language is English. My father has three sons and two daughters; so I have two brothers and two sisters. We are five children (or there are five children of us). Our father loves his children. Our mother loves her children. Our father and mother love their children.
Tidel obik lilädom buki. Fat olik labom dogis fol. Kim binom tidel olsik? Tidel obsik binom flentel. Fat e mot obsik löfoms cilis omsik. Kim binom fat obsik? Fat obsik binom matel mota obsik. Fat olik e mot obik binoms flens. Pük tidela obik binom flentapük. Tidel olik lilädom bukis obik.
EXERCISE XI.
This house is our home. That man has three children; I know the children, but not the man himself. This town has a hundred houses and seven hundred persons. Men, women and children are human beings. You know the teacher and the merchant; I know the same men. The man who lives in that house is an author and writes books.
Län at binom obik. Lödob in dom et. Mans ut, kels lödoms in zif et, sevoms obis. Lödobs in zif ot. Nims at binoms jevals.
EXERCISE XII.
I know the man who writes these books. The man, whom I know, writes these books. Who writes these books? The author. What is an author? An author is the man who writes books. Who is that lady who has the dog? That lady is Doctress B.; her husband is our physician.
Logob mani ut, kel givom moni pules. Kim sevom lauteli buka at? Jimatel sanela sevof mani ut kel binom lautel buka. Kis binom tedel? Tedel binom man kel lemom e selom dinis. Kif binof vom et? Vom et binof jitidel kel tidof pulis e jipulis. EXERCISE XIII.
This man is good. Good men have many friends. — Dear Sir: I write you a short letter, and hope that you are well. I am a friend of Volapük, and it is said that Volapük has many friends in YOUR country.—That person, who has a bad heart, has many enemies. Nouns in English are masculin, feminin and neuter; in Volapük and in French they are masculin and feminin. In December we have short days and long nights.
O flen oba löfik! Pened old binom blefik e ladlik. Labob flenis nemödik kels penoms penedis lonedik obe. Valiks mens gudik laboms ladis gudik e löfoms dinis gudik. God binom fat menas valik. Mens ut valik, kel löfoms Godi, binoms gudik. God binom lautel valikas dinas gudik. Binob flen ola ladlik, kel spelob das binol saunik. Peneds, kelis penols obes, binoms blefik. Kif binof läd, kele penol penedis lonedik? Läd et binof vom sanela B; it no binof jisanel.
EXERCISE XIV.
God does not love bad men (persons). Bad men do not love God. Nouns in Volapük are not neuter; they have only two genders, not three. Lifeless things are of the masculin gender. Merchants, who are acquainted with Volapük, correspond with the whole world. Who are acquainted with Volapük? All educated persons in the whole world.
No logob bukis kil obik. Buk kiom binom gudik? Buk at no binom badik. No labob mödikis bukis gudik. Gens lio-mödik binoms in volapük? Gens tel binoms in volapük ed in flentapük; gens kil binoms in nelijapük e deutapük. Studon volapüki in läns valik vola lölik.
EXERCISE XV.
We eat three times in the day, twenty-one times in the week. This book teaches me Volapük for the first time. That man, who is a German, speaks English badly, but is well acquainted with Volapük. The days go quickly and we have not much time.
Dog fidom vifiko. Penol gudiko. Pükobs volapüki badiko. Penob penedis kil, telna in vig. Lemobs nedelidiko bukis. Lemobs bukis nedelidik. Tedel lemom nedelidiko e selom delidiko.
EXERCISE XVI.
I am older than he. This book is better than that one. Our house is not so large as yours; it is smaller. You write better than I. I am your most devoted friend. I hope you are in good health, most cherished friend. Volapük is the easiest language in the whole world.
Binob saunikum ka ol. Labob namis gletikum ka ol. Dog labom futis gletikum ka kat. Buk kiom binom gudikün in vol lölik? No labob bukis so mödik äs ol, ab lilädob mödikumis. Kiom binom pük nefikulikün in vol lölik? No sevob püki kel binom nefikulikum ka volapük.
EXERCISE XVII.
Most valued friend: I have received your short letter and regret that you have been ill. I hope that you will soon have got better and that you will visit us next month.
O flen löfik! Pened lonedik keli äpenol obe, eplidom obe levemo. Spelob das uvedob suno saunikum, e das ologob oli denu oyelo. EXERCISE XVIII.
English is spoken in England, the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries. Volapük will be taught in all schools. Volapük was invented Mr. Schleyer. Fruits are sold dear this year; they were sold cheap last year. A large house is building (being built) in Twenty-third street.
Cils mödik padadukoms in juls Melopa; mödiks pedadukoms, e mödiks podadukoms. Buks paseloms fa tedel, kela lemacem binom in süt Folsetelid. Buks at no binoms obik; peseloms. Pük kiom papükom in Melop?
EXERCISE XIX.
I like to eat fruit. I do not wish to read many books, but good ones. To have been silent is often better than to have spoken. No man can know everything. Who shall be able to count the stars of the heaven or the drops of the sea? I am in school to study, not to play. I will buy books to learn Volapük. You ought to study Volapük in order to be able to speak with all nations.
Löfob lilädön bukis gudik. Vilob logön stelis. Lilädön binos gudikum ka pledön. Sötobs lemön domi, if kanobs lemön omi nedelidiko. Man at kanom lilädön pükis mäl, e pükön pükis kil; löfom studön e labom timi al studön. Binos gudikum elöfön ed epölüdön ka no elöfön.
EXERCISE XX.
Honored Sir: Having read your interesting work, and not being able to understand some parts, I write [to] you this letter to ask whether you will explain the following sentences.
O söl pelestimöl! Egetöl penedi olik e no elaböl timi al penön ole avigo, spelob das osekusadol fezogi nepövitöl.
EXERCISE XXI.
Givolöd doabis fol pule at pöfik. Sekusadolös libi keli sumob. Visitolsös obis in dom obas nulik. Gepükolös suno penede at. Funolöz sneki et! Blibolöd in dom. Potolös obe samadis kil buka nulik ola. Lasumolös glidis oba ladlik. Pal alik sumomöd buki omik e lilädomöd.
Give the poor man some bread. Please come to visit us in our new house. Please excuse me for not having answered your letter sooner. Go out of the house! Please mail me four copies of the English dictionary. Let every boy take his pen and write. Please remain in the garden.
EXERCISE XXII.
I would like this man if he were better. If we went walking every day it would be healthful. If you should go walking to-day, please bring the new book, which I ordered, from the bookstore. It would be a great pleasure to me to receive a long letter from you. If it were not so warm I should like to visit our friends in town.
If älogob-la tideli adelo, ägivoböv ome buki keli vilom logön. Buk at äbinomöv pöfüdik ole if ävilol-la studön flentapüki. If ilogol-la mani at in gad, ipükomöv ole. If ätävol-la in Yulop, älilolöv pükis mödik. EXERCISE XXIII.
How do you do, sir? I am well, thank you. Have you been long in town? Not long; I came from Madrid a short time ago. Is Madrid a beautiful city? It is very beautiful; I should have like to stay there longer. Where is your home? My home is in Boston, but I have many friends in this town. Have you studied French? I have studied French, but I cannot speak it well. Do you understand all which you read? Yes, sir; nearly all.
Li-elogol fati obik adelo No, o söl! no-li binom in dom? Li-elilädol gasedis adelo? No elabob timi al lilädön. Liko fat olik stadom adelo? Dani; stadom mödo gudikumo. Flens oma mödik olaboms gälodi mödik ven onoloms osi.
EXERCISE XXIV.
I walk every day in my garden. Do you use a cane? No; canes are only used by old men; do you think that I am old? I don't know; I am young, but I walk with a cane. Do you eat meat every day? I do not eat it on Fridays. When we were in France we used to drink wine; but now, when we are in America, we drink water. How many years were you in France? Three years.
Li-aidlinol vini? Aidlinob vini, ab nu dlinob vati. In Flent aidlinon vini e no vati. In Beljän pükon flentapüki e nedänapüki. Püki kiom pükon in Talop? Nelijapükon; aikiöp nelijels mödik binoms, nelijapükon.
EXERCISE XXV.
I see myself in the mirror. Please seat (place) yourself in that chair. Whoever loves himself better than his neighbor is not a true Christian, but true Christians love each other. I wash myself every morning.
Eflapobok me spatin at. Dälobok ladetön penedi at ole. Ofunolok. Siadolokös e mekolokös kotenik.
EXERCISE XXVI.
LETTER.
January, 16, 1887.
Respected Sir: I have received your letter of December 31st, of last year, and rejoice very much that you are in good health and that Volapük is making such (so) great progress with you. Concerning the books, which you wish me to buy, I shall go into the city to-morrow and look for them. We are well and greet you and your family.
O söl löfik! Begob das opotol gasebi olik obe du yel bal, ladetöl omi äs pepenos diso. Potob ole doabi bal in pelam e blibob,
Flen olik.
In Volapük one places the adjectiv after the noun and the objectiv after the verb.
In nelijapük, aipladon ladyeki bifü subsat. In deutapük kimifal paipladom (or aipladon kimifali) sotimo bif velib.
FIN.
This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse