Help:Templates

Templates are shortcuts placed within sets of double curly brackets to perform various functions throughout Wikisource. As you proofread and edit texts in Wikisource, you can use templates to aid in formatting, navigation, and a variety of other tasks.

Formatting Templates

Formatting templates are used to change the way that text displays when being read.

Text Case

The case of text can be changed with {{uc}} (upper case), {{lc}} (lower case), {{small-caps}}, {{all small caps}} and {{capitalize}}.

These templates apply a text transform style, but do not fundamentally change the text. This means that when you copy-paste, export as plain text, or view in an app or device without certain style capabilities, you will see the original text. Therefore, the text use should still be grammatically correct. For example:

• {{sc|mr. smith}} is wrong, but {{asc|Mr. Smith}} is correct (both appear the same: "Mr. Smith")
• {{uc|london}} is wrong, but {{uc|London}} is correct (both appear as "LONDON")

The use of {{uc}}, {{lc}} and {{capitalize}} is optional and you can also use the equivalent plain text. For example, {{uc|London}} and LONDON are both acceptable.

Template	Example	Result	Copy-pastes/exports as
{{small-caps}}, {{sc}}	{{sc|Small Caps}}	Small Caps	Small Caps
{{all small caps}}, {{asc}}	{{asc|All Small Caps}}	All Small Caps	All Small Caps
{{uc}}	{{uc|uppercase}}	uppercase	uppercase
{{lc}}	{{lc|LOWERCASE}}	LOWERCASE	LOWERCASE
{{capitalize}}	{{capitalize|capitalize}}	capitalize	capitalize

Text Size

All Wikisource size templates are relative to the default size. There are two kinds of sizing template: inline and block templates. Inline templates are suitable for use within a paragraph, but can't handle paragraph breaks, and do not adjust line spacing. Block templates can handle paragraph breaks, and adjust line spacing, but are not suitable for use within a paragraph, as they will cause a paragraph break. See H:DIVSPAN for more details.

Font size definition by relative differences using words

Inline template	Block template	Size	12pt/16px default base[1]	Sample
{{xxxx-smaller}}	—	41%	5pt/6.7px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{xxx-smaller}}	—	50%	6pt/8px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{xx-smaller}}	{{xx-smaller block}}	58%	7pt/9px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{x-smaller}}	{{x-smaller block}}	69%	8pt/11px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{smaller}}	{{smaller block}}	83%	10pt/13px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{fine}}	{{fine block}}	92%	11pt/15px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
—	—	100%	12pt/16px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{m-larger}}	{{m-larger block}}	110%	13pt/18px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{larger}}	{{larger block}}	120%	14pt/19px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{x-larger}}	{{x-larger block}}	144%	17pt/23px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{xx-larger}}	{{xx-larger block}}	182%	22pt/29px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{xxx-larger}}	{{xxx-larger block}}	207%	25pt/33px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
{{xxxx-larger}}	{{xxxx-larger block}}	249%	30pt/40px	Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,

1. Contemporary web browsers have largely standardized on a default base font size of 12pt or 16px.

Indenting and Alignment

Text is by default aligned left, but where it is required to manually align text to the left, use {{left}}. To float a block of text to the left without affecting text alignment within the block, use {{float left}} or {{block left}}.

To align text to the right, use {{right}}. To float a block of text to the right without affecting text alignment within the block, use {{float right}} or {{block right}}.

To center text, use {{center}} (or {{c}}). To float a block of text to the center without affecting text alignment within the block, use {{block center}}.

Template	Example	Result
{{left}}	{{left|this text<br/>is left justified}}	this text is left justified
{{center}}, {{c}}	{{center|this text<br/>is center justified}}	this text is center justified
{{right}}	{{right|this text<br/>is right justified}}	this text is right justified
{{block left}}, {{float left}}	{{block left|this block of text<br/>is left justified}}	this block of text is left justified
{{block center}}	{{block center|this block of text<br/>is center justified}}	this block of text is center justified
{{block right}}, {{float right}}	{{block right|this block of text<br/>is right justified}}	this block of text is right justified

To indent the first line of a paragraph, the template {{text-indent}} is available. Use {{nodent}} to "un-indent" a paragraph within the block. Note replicating indented paragraphs is typically not done in works transcribed here, and paragraphs are separated by a blank line.

To indent every line of a paragraph except the first, use {{hanging indent}} (or {{hi}}) or {{outdent}}. To indent a block of text left, the template {{left margin}} is available. Template {{dent}} combines the functionality of {{left margin}}, {{text-indent}} and {{hi}}

To insert a fixed gap in text, use {{gap}}

Template	Example	Result
{{text-indent}}, {{nodent}}	{{text-indent|2em| This paragraph of text has its initial line indented. This is not standard practice. Only use where there is a specific reason to do so. This paragraph, and any following paragraphs, will also have its initial line indented. {{nodent|Unless you use "nodent". This paragraph does not have its initial line indented.}} }}	This paragraph of text has its initial line indented. This is not standard practice. Only use where there is a specific reason to do so. This paragraph, and any following paragraphs, will also have its initial line indented. Unless you use "nodent". This paragraph does not have its initial line indented.
{{hanging indent}}, {{hi}}, {{outdent}}	{{outdent|This paragraph of text has a hanging indent, often used on long entries in tables or lists}}	This paragraph of text has a hanging indent, often used on long entries in tables or lists
{{left margin}}	{{left margin|2em|This block of text is indented left 2 "ems", to offset it from the main body}}	This block of text is indented left 2 "ems", to offset it from the main body
{{dent}}	{{dent|4em|-2em|This block of text is formatted with both a left margin and a hanging indent}}	This block of text is formatted with both a left margin and a hanging indent

Character formatting

To drop the initial character of a paragraph, use {{dropinitial}}. To replicate a large initial character that does not descend into the paragraph, use {{largeinitial}}

To replicate a inline straight line (usually indicating missing or redacted text) use {{bar}} as multiple m-dashes sometimes render as a dashed line.

To create a large brace spanning multiple lines of text, use {{brace}} or {{brace2}}. "brace" is limited to use with or in a table, "brace2" may be used anywhere.

Some works, especially older ones, use ligatures, diacritics, and alternate letterforms. Whether or not to transcribe this formatting is left up to the transcriber. These characters may be hard coded, or entered with templates. Where it is desirable to replicate the long s (s) in older works, templates {{long s}} or {{ls}} are available. Note these templates now require the addition of some lines to your CSS or Javascript pages to display. Ligatures of various letter combinations can be found in Category:Ligature templates. Templates to assist in the entering of diacritics can be found in Category:Diacritic templates

Templates {{'}}, {{(}} and {{)}} allow for the insertion of the special characters ', {, and } where it would otherwise be difficult or impossible due to wikimarkup.

Display of Greek quotes, etc. can be improved with the use of {{polytonic}}.

Template	Example	Result
{{dropinitial}}, {{di}}	{{di|D}}ropped initials are used quite often in many types of works	Dropped initials are used quite often in many types of works
{{largeinitial}}	{{largeinitial|L}}arge initials are less common, but are usually easier to format	Large initials are less common, but are usually easier to format.
{{bar}}	Use bar {{bar|3}} for multiple m-dashes	Use bar ——— for multiple m-dashes
{{brace}}	{| {{brace table parameters}} |Foo||{{brace|r|t}}||{{tlc|brace|r|t}} |- |Bar||{{brace|r|s}}||{{tlc|brace|r|s}} |- |Spam||{{brace|r|mt}}||{{tlc|brace|r|mt}} |- |Eggs||{{brace|r|mb}}||{{tlc|brace|r|mb}} |- |Bread||{{brace|r|s}}||{{tlc|brace|r|s}} |- |Text||{{brace|r|m}}||{{tlc|brace|r|m}} |- |Text||{{brace|r|b}}||{{tlc|brace|r|b}} |- |Stuff||{{brace|r|ht}}||{{tlc|brace|r|ht}} |- |Things||{{brace|r|hb}}||{{tlc|brace|r|hb}} |}	Foo {{brace|r|t}} Bar {{brace|r|s}} Spam {{brace|r|mt}} Eggs {{brace|r|mb}} Bread {{brace|r|s}} Text {{brace|r|m}} Text {{brace|r|b}} Stuff {{brace|r|ht}} Things {{brace|r|hb}}
{{brace2}}	{{brace2|}} {{brace2|2}} {{brace2|4|r}} {{brace2|1|l}} {{brace2|3|l}}	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$ $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$ $\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$ $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$ $\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$
{{long s}}, {{ls}}	minuscule long s: {{ls}}, {{lS}}	minuscule long s: s
{{'}}, {{(}} and {{)}}	apostrophe: {{'}}; open and close brackets: {{(}} {{)}}	apostrophe: '; open and close brackets: { };
{{polytonic}}	Normal: Οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασιν ἱκανῶς, καὶ τὰ πλείω τυγχάνουσι τῆς ἀληθείας. Polytonic: {{polytonic|Οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασιν ἱκανῶς, καὶ τὰ πλείω τυγχάνουσι τῆς ἀληθείας.}}	Normal: Οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασιν ἱκανῶς, καὶ τὰ πλείω τυγχάνουσι τῆς ἀληθείας. Polytonic: Οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασιν ἱκανῶς, καὶ τὰ πλείω τυγχάνουσι τῆς ἀληθείας.
{{oe}}	Check out that Ph{{subst:oe}}nician pottery!	Check out that Phœnician pottery!
{{ae}}	All hail Athen{{subst:ae}}!	All hail Athenæ!

Roman Numerals

In the interest of data quality {{Roman-to-arabic}} is available to facilitate entering metadata like publication date from the original page; it eases proofreading, allowing comparison of page and text directly—also allows conversion algorithm to be audited by automated testing.

Template	Result
{{roman-to-arabic|CDLXXVI}}	476
{{roman-to-arabic|MDCCLXXVI}}	1776
{{roman-to-arabic|MMXVIII}}	2018

Separations

Use {{rule}} in preference of "----" for the creation of horizontal lines spanning the page. In addition, rule can create horizontal separators of any length. For more fancy lines, {{custom rule}} is available.

For breaking up discontinuous runs of pages, for example when separating blocks of transcluded front and end matter (ex. Title Page, Dedication, Contents) to one page, use {{page break}}

Template

Example

Result

{{rule}}

{{rule}}{{rule}}

{{rule|height=4px}}{{rule}}

{{rule|5em}}

---

---

---

---

---

{{custom rule}}

{{Custom rule|sp|100|d|6|sp|10|d|10|sp|10|d|6|sp|100}}

{{custom rule|c|6|sp|40|do|7|fy1|40|do|7|sp|40|c|6}}

{{separator}}

{{separator}}

·

·

·

·

·

{{***}}

{{***}}

{{***|5|3em|char=@}}

***

@@@@@

{{page break}}

{{page break}}

General formatting

Text can be colored using the {{greyed}} and {{red}} templates. Red text was often used as a highlight in older works, especially on the title page. Greyed text can be used to indicate (important) text that has been written or typed onto the original document. {{RunningHeader}} or {{rh}} creates a left justified, a centered, and a right justified block of text all on the same line, and is most often used in the Page namespace, in the header field to replicate page headers. {{gap}} is used wherever a gap of greater than one space is required.

Template	Example	Result
{{greyed}}, {{red}}, {{green}}	{{greyed|grey text}}, {{red|red text}}, {{green|green text}}	grey text, red text, green text
{{RunningHeader}} or {{rh}}	{{RunningHeader|Left text|Center text|Right text}}
{{gap}}	text with a{{gap|5em}}gap!	text with agap!

Column formatting

• {{multicol}}, {{multicol-break}}, {{multicol-section}}, {{multicol-end}}, this template uses a table to create multiple columns of text. You need to place the breaks explicitly, but they will never move.
• {{div col}}, {{div col end}}, which uses CSS3 properties to create columns dynamically. The reader's browser will choose where best to put the breaks, so the layout cannot be guaranteed not to change. This one is good for lists, as you don't need to worry about placing {{multicol-break}}s.

Navigation Templates

Navigation templates are used to help a reader navigate through or between texts.

Template

You type

You get

Notes

{{TOC}}

{{TOC}}

Table of contents

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Used to provide a compact TOC to an alphabetical listing.

{{AuxTOC}}

{{AuxTOC|

* [[/Chapter 1/]]}}

Chapters (not listed in original)

• Chapter 1

Used when the work does not include an original Table of Contents.

{{TOC begin}},
{{TOC end}} and
all {{TOC row....}}'s

{{TOC begin}}
{{TOC row 1-1-1|...}}
{{TOC end}}

Preface		i
I.	Introduction	xii
II.	Chapter 1	1

Used to easily format existing TOCs in the original.

Proofreading templates

Proofreading templates are used during proofreading to manage the process of transclusion to the main namespace.

Template	You type	You get
{{peh}} or {{page end hyphen}}	First page: sister-in{{peh}} Next page: law	sister-in-law. Use when a hyphen at the end of a page should be kept when transcluded, because the hyphen is part of the word. See H:HYPHEN.
{{hws}} and {{hwe}}, or (on new pages) nothing	First page: {{hws|sis|sister}}, or just sis- Next page: {{hwe|ter|sister}}, or just ter	sister. Use when a hyphen at the end of a page should not be kept when transcluded, because the hyphen is not part of the word. See H:HYPHEN.
{{nop}}	{{nop}} on its own line	Paragraph break. Use when the end of a page is also the end of a paragraph.

Image templates

Template	You type	You get
{{Missing image}}	{{Missing image}}
{{Raw image}}	{{raw image|A song of the English (1909).djvu/167}}	(Upload an image to replace this placeholder.)

XXX: the above are just image maintenance templates; should include actual image templates too ...

Article-specific templates

Some templates are designed for specific articles in Wikisource. They can be found in Category:Specific article templates.

Housekeeping templates

Some templates are not designed for "inline" use in a work, but are used to keep track of things that need to be fixed or indicate the applicable licensing. Please see the following pages for these templates:

• Help:Copyright tags
• Help:Maintenance tags

User talk pages

See Wikisource:User warning templates

Unblock requests

• {{Unblock}}
• {{Unblock reviewed}}
• {{Unblock granted}}

See also

• Help:Font size templates