Latin for beginners (1911)/Part II/Lesson XII

by Benjamin Leonard D'Ooge

Layout 2

LESSON XII

NOUNS IN -IUS AND -IUM

87. Nouns of the second declension in -ius and -ium end in -ī in the genitive singular, not in -iī, and the accent rests on the penult; as, fīlī from fīlius (son), praesi’dī from praesi’dium (garrison).

88. Proper names of persons in -ius, and fīlius, end in -ī in the vocative singular, not in -ĕ, and the accent rests on the penult; as, Vergi’lī, O Vergil; fīlī, O son.

a. Observe that in these words the vocative and the genitive are alike.

89. praesidium (base praesidi-), n., garrison fīlius (base fīli-), m., son

Singular
Nom.	praesidium	fīlius
Gen.	praesi’dī	fīlī
Dat.	praesidiō	fīliō
Acc.	praesidium	fīlium
Abl.	praesidiō	fīliō
Voc.	praesidium	fīlī

The plural is regular. Note that the -i- of the base is lost only in the genitive singular, and in the vocative of words like fīlius.

Decline together praesidium parvum; fīlius bonus; fluvius longus, the long river; proelium clārum, the famous battle.

90. EXERCISES

First learn the special vocabulary, p. 285.

I.

1. Frūmentum bonae terrae, gladī malī, bellī longī.

2. Cōnstantia magna, praesidia magna, clāre Vergi’lī.

3. Male serve, Ō clārum oppidum, male fīlī, fīliī malī, fīlī malī.

4. Fluvī longī, fluviī longī, fluviōrum longōrum, fāma praesi’dī magnī.

5. Cum gladiīs parvīs, cum deābus clārīs, ad nautās clārōs.

6. Multōrum proeliōrum, praedae magnae, ad proelia dūra.

Germānia

II.

Germānia, patria Germānōrum, est clāra terra. In Germāniā sunt fluviī multī. Rhēnus magnus et lātus fluvius Germāniae est. In silvīs lātīs Germāniae sunt ferae multae. Multī Germānī in oppidīs magnīs et in vīcīs parvīs habitant et multī sunt agricolae bonī. Bella Germānōrum sunt magna et clāra. Populus Germāniae helium et 5 proelia amat et saepe cum fīnitimīs pugnat. Fluvius Rhēnus est fīnitimus oppidīs^[1] multīs et Clārīs.

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References

1. Dative with fīnitimus. (See §43.)