Light waves and their uses/Index

by Albert Abraham Michelson

 

INDEX.

 

• Aberration, 149.
• Accuracy of measurement: value of increasing, 23; limit without lenses, 25; limit with lenses, 27; increase due to lenses, 30; increase due to interferometer, 36; of standards of length with grating, 85; of length of seconds pendulum, 86; of earth's circumference, 87; of wave length with the interferometer, 98.
• Air wedge: interference produced by, 15.
• Amphipleura pellucida: use as test of resolution, 30.
• Amplitude, 6.
• Analysis: of periodic curves, 68; of the nature of a source of light, 76.
• Analyzer: harmonic, 68.
• Arago: velocity of light, 48; interferometer, 51.
• Beats: between tuning-forks, 12.
• Black spot: on soap film, 53; thickness of, 54.
• Boiling of star images, 129.
• Bradley: aberration, 149.
• Burnham: Jupiter's satellites, 142.
• Cadmium: analysis of radiations of, 81; red radiation as standard of length, 91; number of waves in meter, 98; action of magnetism on radiations of, 116.
• Comets: resistance by ether to motion of, 45.
• Corpuscular theory, 44.
• Diffraction: of sound waves, 19; in telescope and microscope, 29; by rectangular opening, 32.
• Diffraction pattern: due to circular opening, 29, 130; due to rectangular opening, 133; due to two slits, 134.
• Double slit: use of in astronomical work, 134.
• Earth: resistance by ether to motion of, 45, 148; circumference of as standard of length, 87.
• Echelon spectroscope, 122.
• Efficiency: of microscope and telescope, 25.
• Electrolysis, 113.
• Electromagnetic nature of light, 160.
• Engelmann: Jupiter's satellites, 142.
• Ether: properties of, 45, 146; vortex-theory of, 161.
• Expansion: measurement of coefficient of, 55.
• Faraday: action of magnetism on light, 107.
• Fievez: action of magnetism on light, 107.
• Fitzgerald: action of magnetism on light, 112.
• Fizeau: velocity of light, 48; in moving media, 152.
• Foucault: velocity of light, 48.
• Fraunhofer: lines in solar spectrum, 60.
• Fresnel: measurement of index of refraction, 51; moving media, 152.
• Fringes: due to two openings, 33; breadth of, 34; use of in spectrum analysis, 64.
• Gases: liquefaction of, 24.
• Gould: standards of length, 84, 103.
• Grating: diffraction, 23, 84, 119; efficiency of, 121.
• Gravitation constant: measurement with interferometer, 56.
• Gun sight: use in measuring angles, 25.
• Harmonic motion, 6; analyzer, 68.
• Hertz: oscillator, 160.
• Hough: Jupiter's satellites, 142.
• Hydrogen: analysis of radiations of, 78.
• Image: formation of, 26.
• Interference: definition of, 8; of sound waves, 9; of mercury ripples, 11; of light in soap film, 12; of two trains of waves, 64.
• Interferometer: definition of, 33, 36; description of, 40; application of to measure index of refraction, 51; to measure thickness of soap film, 53; to measure coefficient of expansion, 55; to measure gravitation constant, 56; to test screws, 57; to measure light waves, 58; to analyze spectral lines, 60, 73, 78; to determine standards of length, 89; to the Zeeman effect, 108, 114; to astronomical measurements, 127; to aberration, 157.
• Intermediate standards of length, 93.
• Iron: spectrum of, 62.
• Johonnott: thickness of liquid films, 54.
• Jupiter, 128; size of satellites, 141.
• Kelvin: dynamic model of wave motion, 5, 16.
• Larmor: action of magnetism on light, 112.
• Lens: formation of image by, 26.
• Leverrier: discovery of Uranus, 24.
• Linear measurements: attainable accuracy in, 25.
• Lorentz: action of magnetism on light, 112; aberration, 156.
• Magnetism: action on light, 107.
• Magnification: produced by lens, 27; loss of light in, 27; of fringes by interferometer, 32.
• Manometric capsule, 10.
• Mars, 128.
• Maxwell: aberration, 156.
• Mercury: analysis of radiations of, 80.
• Meter: manufacture of, 87; value in waves of cadmium light, 101.
• Microscope: efficiency of, 25; limit of resolution of, 30.
• Molecules: complexity of, shown by spectrum, 82.
• Morley: measurement of coefficient of expansion, 55.
• Moving media: effect on velocity of light, 151.
• Music: color, 2.
• Newton: corpuscular theory, 45; spectrum, 60.
• Objective: relation to size of diffraction pattern, 30.
• Pendulum: motion of, 6; as standard of length, 86.
• Period, 6.
• Phase: defined, 7; loss of by reflection, 16.
• Poisson: diffraction, 21.
• Polarization, 110.
• Quincke: interference of sound, 9.
• Rayleigh: diffraction of sound, 21; discovery of Argon, 24.
• Reflection: change of phase on, 16.
• Refraction: comparison of theories of, 47; index of, 50; measurement of index of, 51.
• Resolution: of telescope, 29, 130; of microscope, 30; of spectroscope, 62; of grating, 121; of echelon, 125.
• Revolving mirror, 48.
• Ripples: interference of on surface of mercury, 11.
• Rogers: measurement of coefficient of expansion, 55.
• Ruskin, 1.
• Saturn, 128.
• Screw: testing with interferometer, 57.
• Sensitive flame, 19.
• Simple harmonic motion, 6; curve, 7.
• Sine curve, 7.
• Slit: diffraction produced by, 22.
• Soap film: colors of, 14.
• Sodium: spectrum of, 61: distance between lines a standard of measurement, 62; distance between lines of, 66; analysis of radiations of, 78; action of magnetism on radiations of, 107.
• Sound waves: interference of, 9; diffraction of, 19; shadow produced by, 20.
• Source of light: distribution of, 75.
• Spectral lines: structure of, 62; analysis of with interferometer, 73.
• Spectrum, 60; of sodium, 61, 78; of hydrogen, 78; of thallium, 79; of mercury, 80; of cadmium, 81; order of, 121.
• Standards of length, 86.
• Star discs: size of, 143.
• Struve: Jupiter's satellites, 142.
• Telescope: efficiency of, 25; limit of resolution of, 29, 130.
• Thallium: analysis of radiations of, 79.
• Tuning-forks: beats formed by, 12.
• Undulatory theory, 44.
• Uranus: discovery of, 24.
• Vacuum tubes: as sources of light, 75.
• Velocity: of wave motion, 8, 146; of light, 146.
• Visibility: defined, 68; curves with the interferometer, 70; with the double slit, 139.
• Vortex theory, 161.
• Wave length: definition of, 7; measurement of, 17; as standard of length, 84.
• Wave motion, 3; kinetic model of, 4; Kelvin's dynamic model of, 5; propagation of, 7.
• Wheatstone: velocity of light, 48.
• Young: interference, 22.
• Zeeman: action of magnetism on light, 107.
• Zinc: spectrum of, 62.