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Lasalle, 213.

Lavoisier, 268.

Leibnitz, 44, 83.

Leonardo, 36.

Lessing, 135.

Locke, 91.

Lotze, 272.

Mach, 299.

Machiavelli, 5.

Maimon, 166.

Maine de Biran, 221.

Maistre, 220.

Malebranche, 55 f.

Mandeville, 105.

Mansel, 237.

Marx, 213.

Materialism, 63, 120, 269.

Matter, 37, 50, 72 f., 81, 99 f.

Maxwell, 298.

Mayer, Robert, 268.

Mechanical conception of nature, 41 f., 43 f., 49, 51, 59, 83 ff., 177 f., 272 f., 289, 298.

Melanchthon, 8.

Mendelssohn, 133, 134.

Metaphysical idealism, 82, 102, 196, 212, 272 ff.

Metaphysical problem, 2, 44, 90, 170, 246.

Mill, James, 232, 233.

Mill, John Stuart, 224, 232, 237.

Modus, 72.

Monad, 3, 33, 81, 292.

Monism, 32, 71 f., 83, 270, 275.

Montaigne, 6.

Montesquieu, 119.

Motion, Constancy of, 50, 80.

Mutation, 248.

Natura (naturans, naturata) 7, 47, 72.

Natural right, 9, 66, 95.

Natural religion, 12, 47, 95, 119.

Nature and culture, 103, 134, 154, 167, 307.

Neo-Kantianism, 289.

Newton, 64, 96.

Nietzsche, 304, 306.

Occasionalism, 54.

Ontological argument, 47, 109, 134, 153.

Optimism, 87 f., 102, 113, 306 ff.

Pantheism, 72, 95.

Pascal, 57.

Paulsen, 281, 292.

Pessimism, 57, 105, 198 f., 277.

Pluralism, 83, 302.

Pomponazzi, 4.

Positivism, 224.

Pragmatism, 297, 302.

Priestley, 115.

Primary and secondary qualities, 92.

Principle of sufficient reason, 81, 82, 87, 194 f.

Problems, 1-3, 42 f.

Psychological problem, 1, 107 f., 114 f., 127 f., 241, 284 f.

Quality and quantity, 38 f., 49 f., 272 f., 294 f., 298 f.

Ramus, 16.

Reid, 115.

Reimarus, 138.

Reinhold, 165.