Directory. After a visit to America, he established his Irish Monthly Magazine, a medley of truth and falsehood, in which are to be found some valuable biographical details of many distinguished persons of the period. He carried it on from 1808 to 1815, being subjected to numerous fines and imprisonment for opinions expressed therein. He is said to have ceased writing upon the receipt of £400 in hand and a pension of £100 a year, withdrawn in 1835. He died at 12 Clarence-street, Dublin, in poverty, on the 17th January 1837, aged 66. Some years before his death he had tried to cut the head off King William's statue in Dublin—relinquishing the task upon finding his tools unsuitable for the purpose. Mr. Madden writes: "The turbulence and restlessness of this man's mind never suffered him to be quiet, or to persist in any pursuit. While he was in America, he had tried all sorts of trades and callings; he had been a newspaper editor, a pawnbroker, a chandler, a dairy-keeper, and a dealer in Irish whisky—and in all was unsuccessful." 88 331
Coyne, Joseph Stirling, son of an officer, was born at Birr in 1805, and received his education at Dungannon School. He was intended for the Bar, but ultimately devoted himself entirely to literature, chiefly dramatic. His first piece, The Phrenologist, was produced at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, in 1835. Two years later, he went to London, and became a voluminous and successful writer, chiefly for the Haymarket and Adelphi. He contributed to several London papers, and, with Mark Lemon and Henry Mayhew, was one of the projectors and original contributors to Punch. Coyne was the author of The Scenery and Antiquities of Ireland, and some works of fiction. He died 18th July 1868, aged about 63. 241
Craggs, Robert, Earl Nugent, a minor poet, was born in Ireland, in 1702. After filling some offices in England, he was, in 1759, made one of the Vice- Treasurers of Ireland, and in 1766 a Lord of Trade. In 1767 he was created Baron Nugent and Viscount Clare, and in 1776 Earl Nugent. He was thrice married. He published a volume of odes and epistles in 1739. Lord Orford says of him: "Earl Nugent was one of those men of parts whose dawn was the brightest moment of a long life, and who, though possessed of different talents, employed them in depreciating his own fame and destroying all opinion of his judgment, except in the point of raising himself to honours. He was first known by the noble ode on his own conversion from Popery; yet, strong as was the energy and reasoning in it, his arguments operated but temporary conviction on himself, for he died a member of the church he had exposed so severely." Earl Nugent died in Dublin, 13th October 1788, aged about 86. He left a large fortune to his son-in-law, the Marquis of Buckingham, then Lord-Lieutenant. 146 349
Crampton, Sir Philip, Bart., was born in Dublin, 7th June 1777. Entering the army as Assistant-Surgeon, he saw active service during the Insurrection of 1798. The same year he was elected one of the surgeons of the Meath Hospital, a post he occupied until his death. For a paper in the Annals of Philosophy, on muscles in the eyes of birds, he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society. About the same period, he was appointed Surgeon-General to the Forces, and in 1839 was made a baronet. Sir Philip rose to the highest walks of the medical profession. His fame was almost European, and he enjoyed an immense practice. The brilliancy of his conversational powers was remarkable, and the amenity of his manners made his company universally desired. His favourite country residence was a lodge and small demesne on the margin of Lough Bray, County of Wicklow, presented to him, it is said, for successful attendance on a member of the Powerscourt family. His activity may be judged from a boast once made by him in advanced life, that he had swum across Lough Bray, ridden into town, and amputated a limb before breakfast. He died at his residence, 14 Merrion-square North, Dublin, l0th June 1858, aged 81. His son. Sir John F. Crampton, the British Ambassador at St. Petersburg, succeeded him in the baronetcy. 7 39 233
Crawford, Thomas, Rev., Presbyterian minister, was born probably at Crumlin, County of Antrim, about 1745. In 1766 he was ordained as minister of Strabane. He was at one period chaplain to the 1st Tyrone Regiment of Volunteers. He died in 1801. He is worthy of remembrance as the author of a History of Ireland, dedicated to Lord Charlemont, and published in 2 vols, in 1783. It contains valuable particulars concerning the various Protestant combinations in the north in his time, as the "Hearts of Oak" and "Hearts of Steel Boys." Mr. Crawford was also the author of Translations from Turretin, and other works. 170†
Crawford, Adair, Dr., younger brother of preceding, distinguished for his researches in chemical physiology, was born in 1748. From early youth he was remarkable for the sweetness of his temper, the
