or ὁ Ἰησοῦς; still others take ἄγει as impers., one passes, Vulg. tertia dies est; see Β. 134 (118)]; γενεσίων ἀγομένων, Mt. xiv. 6 R G; ἀγοραῖοι (q. ν. 2), Acts xix. 38; often in the O. T. Apocr. (cf. Wahl, Clavis Apocr. s. v. ἄγω, 3), in Hdt. and Attic writ. 4. intrans. to go, depart, (W. § 38, 1, p. 251 (236); [B. 144 (126)]): ἄγωμεν let us go, Mt. xxvi. 46; Mk. xiv. 42; Jn. xiv. 31; πρός τινα, Jn. xi. 15; εἰς with acc. of place, Mk. i. 38; Jn. xi. 7, (Epict. diss. 3, 22, 55 ἄγωμεν ἐπὶ τὸν ἀνθύπατον); [foll. by ἵνα, Jn. xi. 16. Comp.: ἀν-, ἐπ-αν-, ἀπ-, συν-απ-, δι-, εἰσ-, παρ-εισ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, κaτ-, μετ-, παρ-, περι-, προ-, προσ-, συν-, ἐπι-συν-, ὑπ-άγω. Syn. cf. Schmidt ch. 105.]*
ἀγωγή, -ῆς, ἡ, (fr. ἄγω, like ἐδωδή fr. ἔδω); 1. properly, a leading. 2. figuratively, a. trans. a conducting, training, education, discipline. b. intrans. the life led, way or course of life (a use which arose from the fuller expression ἀγωγὴ τοῦ βίου, in Polyb. 4, 74, 1. 4; cf. Germ. Lebensführung): 2 Tim. iii. 10 [R. V. conduct], (Esth. ii. 20; 2 Macc. iv. 16; ἡ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀγωγή, Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 47, 6; ἁγνὴ ἀγωγή, ibid. 48, 1). Often in prof. auth. in all these senses.*
ἀγών, -ῶνος, ὁ, (ἄγω); 1. a place of assembly (Hom. Il. 7, 298; 18, 376); spec. the place in which the Greeks assembled to celebrate solemn games (as the Pythian, the Olympian); hence 2. a contest, of athletes, runners, charioteers. In a fig. sense, a. in the phrase (used by the Greeks, see τρέχω, b.) τρέχειν τὸν ἀγῶνα, Heb. xii. 1, that is to say ‘Amid all hindrances let us exert ourselves to the utmost to attain to the goal of perfection set before the followers of Christ’; any struggle with dangers, annoyances, obstacles, standing in the way of faith, holiness, and a desire to spread the gospel: 1 Th. ii. 2; Phil. i. 30; 1 Tim. vi. 12; 2 Tim. iv. 7. b. intense solicitude, anxiety: περί τινος, Col. ii. 1 [cf. Eur. Ph. 1350; Polyb. 4, 56, 4]. On the ethical use of figures borrowed from the Greek Games cf. Grimm on Sap. iv. 1; [Howson, Metaphors of St. Paul, Essay iv.; Conyb. and Hows. Life and Epp. of St. Paul, ch. xx.; Mc. and S. iii. 733b sq.; BB. DD. s. v. Games].*
ἀγωνία, -ας, ἡ; 1. i. q. ἀγών, which see. 2. It is often used, from Dem. (on the Crown p. 236, 19 ἦν ὁ Φίλιππος ἐν φόβῳ καὶ πολλῇ ἀγωνίᾳ) down, of severe mental struggles and emotions, agony, anguish: Lk. xxii. 44 [L br. WH reject the pass.]; (2 Macc. iii. 14, 16; xv. 19; Joseph. antt. 11, 8, 4 ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς ἦν ἐν ἀγωνίᾳ καὶ δέει). (Cf. Field, Otium Norv. iii. on Lk. l. c.]*
ἀγωνίζομαι; impf. ἠγωνιζόμην; pf. ἠγώνισμαι; a depon. mid. verb [cf. W. 260 (244)]; (ἀγών); 1. to enter a contest; contend in the gymnastic games: 1 Co. ix. 25. 2. univ. to contend with adversaries, fight: foll. by ἵνα μή, Jn. xviii. 36. 3. fig. to contend, struggle, with difficulties and dangers antagonistic to the gospel: Col. i. 29; Tim. iv. 10 (L T Tr txt. WH txt.; for Rec. ὀνειδιζόμεθα); ἀγωνίζομαι ἀγῶνα (often used by the Greeks also, esp. the Attic), 1 Tim. vi. 12; 2 Tim. iv. 7. 4. to endeavor with strenuous zeal, strive, to obtain something; foll. by an inf., Lk. xiii. 24; ὑπέρ τινος ἐν ταῖς προσευχαῖς, ἵνα, Col. iv. 12. [Comp.: ἀντ-, ἐπ-, κατ-, συν-αγωνίζομαι.]*
Ἀδάμ, indecl. prop. name (but in Joseph. Ἄδαμος, -ου), אָדָם (i. e. acc. to Philo, de leg. alleg. i. 29, Opp. i. p. 62 ed. Mang., γήϊνος; acc. to Euseb. Prep. Ev. vii. 8 γηγενής; acc. to Joseph. antt. 1, 1, 2 πυρρός, with which Gesenius agrees, see his Thesaur. i. p. 25); 1. Adam, the first man and the parent of the whole human race: Lk. iii. 38; Ro. v. 14; 1 Co. xv. 22, 45; 1 Tim. ii. 13 sq.; Jude 14. In accordance with the Rabbinic distinction between the former Adam (אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֺן), the first man, the author of ‘all our woe,’ and the latter Adam (אָדָם הָאַחֲרוֺן), the Messiah, the redeemer, in 1 Co. xv. 45 Jesus Christ is called ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ (see ἔσχατος, 1) and contrasted with ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος; Ro. v. 14 ὁ μέλλων sc. Ἀδάμ. [2. one of the ancestors of Jesus: Lk. iii. 33 WH mrg. (cf. Ἀδμείν).]*
ἀδάπανος, -ον, (δαπάνη), without expense, requiring no outlay: 1 Co. ix. 18 (ἵνα ἀδάπανον θήσω τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ‘that I may make Christian instruction gratuitous’).*
Ἀδδί or Ἀδδεί T Tr WH [see WH. App. p. 155, and s. v. ει, ι], ὁ, the indecl. prop. name of one of the ancestors of Christ: Lk. iii. 28.*
ἀδελφή, -ῆς, ἡ, (see ἀδελφός), [fr. Aeschyl. down], sister; 1. a full, own sister (i.e. by birth): Mt. xix. 29; Lk. x. 39 sq.; Jn. xi. 1, 3, 5; xix. 25; Ro. xvi. 15, etc.; respecting the sisters of Christ, mentioned in Mt. xiii. 56; Mk. vi. 3, see ἀδελφός, 1. 2. one connected by the tie of the Christian religion: 1 Co. vii. 15; ix. 5; Philem. 2 L T Tr WH; Jas. ii. 15; with a subj. gen, a Christian woman especially dear to one, Ro. xvi. 1.
ἀδελφός, -οῦ, ὁ, (fr. α copulative and δελφύς, from the same womb; cf. ἀγάστωρ), [fr. Hom. down]; 1. a brother (whether born of the same two parents, or only of the same father or the same mother): Mt. i. 2; iv. 18, and often. That ‘the brethren of Jesus,’ Mt. xii. 46, 47 [but WH only in mrg.]; xiii. 55 sq.; Mk. vi. 3 (in the last two passages also sisters); Lk. viii. 19 sq.; Jn. ii. 12; vii. 3; Acts i. 14; Gal. i. 19; 1 Co. ix. 5, are neither sons of Joseph by a wife married before Mary (which is the account in the Apocryphal Gospels [cf. Thilo, Cod. Apocr. N. T. i. 362 sq.]), nor cousins, the children of Alphæus or Cleophas [i. e. Clopas] and Mary a sister of the mother of Jesus (the current opinion among the doctors of the church since Jerome and Augustine [cf. Bp. Lghtft. Com. on Gal., diss. ii.]), according to that use of language by which ἀδελφός like the Hebr. אָח denotes any blood-relation or kinsman (Gen. xiv. 16; 1 S. xx. 29; 2 K. x. 13; 1 Chr. xxiii. 22, etc.), but own brothers, born after Jesus, is clear principally from Mt. i. 25 [only in R G]; Lk. ii. 7—where, had Mary borne no other children after Jesus, instead of υἱὸν πρωτότοκον, the expression υἱὸν μονογενῆ would have been used, as well as from Acts i. 14, cf. Jn. vii. 5, where the Lord’s brethren are distinguished from the apostles. See further on this point under Ἰάκωβος, 3. [Cf. B. D. s. v. Brother; Andrews, Life of our Lord, pp. 104-116; Bib. Sacr. for 1864, pp. 855-869; for 1869
