pp. 745-758; Laurent, N. T. Studien pp. 153-193; McClellan, note on Mt. xiii. 55.) 2. according to a Hebr. use of אָח (Ex. ii. 11; iv. 18, etc.), hardly to be met with in prof. auth., having the same national ancestor, belonging to the same people, countryman; so the Jews (as the σπέρμα Ἀβραάμ, υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ, cf. Acts xiii. 26; [in Deut. xv. 3 opp. to ὁ ἀλλότριος, cf. xvii. 15; xv. 12; Philo de septen. § 9 init.]) are called ἀδελφοί: Mt. v. 47; Acts iii. 22 (Deut. xviii. 15); vii. 23; xxii. 5; xxviii. 15, 21; Ro. ix. 3; in address, Acts ii. 29; iii. 17; xxiii. 1; Heb. vii. 5. 3. just as in Lev. xix. 17 the word אָח is used interchangeably with רֵעַ (but, as vss. 16, 18 show, in speaking of Israelites), so in the sayings of Christ, Mt. v. 22, 24; vii. 3 sqq., ἀδελφός is used for ὁ πλησίον to denote (as appears from Lk. x. 29 sqq.) any fellow-man,—as having one and the same father with others, viz. God (Heb. ii. 11), and as descended from the same first ancestor (Acts xvii. 26); cf. Epict. diss. 1, 13, 3. 4. a fellow-believer, united to another by the bond of affection; so most frequently of Christians, constituting as it were but a single family: Mt. xxiii. 8; Jn. xxi. 23; Acts vi. 3 [Lchm. om.]; ix. 30; xi. 1; Gal. i. 2; 1 Co. v. 11; Phil. i. 14, etc.; in courteous address, Ro. i. 13; vii. 1; 1 Co. i. 10; 1 Jn. ii. 7 Rec., and often elsewhere; yet in the phraseology of John it has reference to the new life unto which men are begotten again by the efficiency of a common father, even God: 1 Jn. ii. 9 sqq.; iii. 10, 14, etc., cf. v. 1. 5. an associate in employment or office: 1 Co. i. 1; 2 Co. i. 1; ii. 13 (12); Eph. vi. 21; Col. i. 1. 6. brethren of Christ is used of, a. his brothers by blood; see 1 above. b. all men: Mt. xxv. 40 [Lchm. br.]; Heb. ii. 11 sq. [al. refer these exx. to d.] c. apostles: Mt. xxviii. 10: Jn. xx. 17. d. Christians, as those who are destined to be exalted to the same heavenly δόξα (q. v. III. 4 b.) which he enjoys: Ro. viii. 29.
ἀδελφότης, -ητος, ἡ, brotherhood; the abstract for the concrete, a band of brothers i.e. of Christians, Christian brethren: 1 Pet. ii. 17; v. 9. (1 Macc. xii. 10, 17, the connection of allied nations; 4 Macc. ix. 23; x. 3, the connection of brothers; Dio Chrys. ii. 137 [ed. Reiske]; often in eccl. writ.) *
ἄδηλος, -ον, (δῆλος), not manifest: Lk. xi. 44; indistinct, uncertain, obscure: φωνή, 1 Co. xiv. 8. (In Grk. auth. fr. Hes. down.) [Cf. δῆλος, fin.; Schmidt ch. 130.]*
ἀδηλότης, -ητος, ἡ, uncertainty: 1 Tim. vi. 17 πλούτου ἀδηλότητι equiv. to πλούτῳ ἀδήλῳ, cf. W. § 34, 3 a. [Polyb., Dion. Hal., Philo.]*
ἀδήλως, adv., uncertainly: 1 Co. ix. 26 οὕτω τρέχω, ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως i.e. not uncertain whither; cf. Mey. ad loc. [(Thuc., al.)]*
ἀδημονέω, -ῶ; (fr. the unused ἀδήμων, and this fr. α priv. and δῆμος; accordingly uncomfortable, as not at home, cf. Germ. unheimisch, unheimlich; cf. Bttm. Lexil. ii. 136 [Fishlake’s trans. p. 29 sq. But Lob. (Pathol. Proleg. p. 238, cf. p. 160) et al. connect it with ἀδήμων, ἀδῆσαι; see Bp. Lghtft. on Phil. ii. 26]); to be troubled, distressed: Mt. xxvi. 37; Mk. xiv. 33; Phil. ii. 26. (Xen. Hell. 4, 4, 3 ἀδημονῆσαι τὰς ψυχάς, and often in prof. auth.)*
Ἅιδησ, ᾅδης, -ου, ὁ, (for the older Ἀΐδης, which Hom. uses, and this fr. α priv. and ἰδεῖν, not to be seen, [cf. Lob. Path. Element. ii. 6 sq.]); in the classics 1. a prop. name, Hades, Pluto, the god of the lower regions; so in Hom. always. 2. an appellative, Orcus, the nether world, the realm of the dead (cf. Theocr. idyll. 2,159 schol. τὴν τοῦ ᾅδου κρούει πύλην· τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἀποθανεῖται]. In the Sept. the Hebr. שְׁאוֺל is almost always rendered by this word (once by θάνατος, 2 S. xxii. 6); it denotes, therefore, in bibl. Grk. Orcus, the infernal regions, a dark (Job x. 21) and dismal place (but cf. γέεννα and παράδεισος) in the very depths of the earth (Job xi. 8; Is. lvii. 9; Am. ix. 2, etc.; see ἄβυσσος), the common receptacle of disembodied spirits: Lk. xvi. 23; εἰς ᾅδου sc. δόμον, Acts ii. 27, 31, acc. to a very common ellipsis, cf. W. 592 (550) [B. 171 (149)]; (but L T Tr WH in vs. 27 and T WH in both verses read εἰς ᾅδην; so Sept. Ps. xv. (xvi.) 10); πύλαι ᾅδου, Mt. xvi. 18 (πυλωροὶ ᾅδου, Job xxxviii. 17; see πύλη); κλεῖς τοῦ ᾅδου, Rev. i. 18; Hades as a power is personified, 1 Co. xv. 55 (where L T Tr WH read θάνατε for R G ᾅδη [cf. Acts ii. 24 Tr mrg.]); Rev. vi. 8; xx. 13 sq. Metaph. ἕως ᾅδου [καταβαίνειν or] καταβιβάζεσθαι to [go or] be thrust down into the depth of misery and disgrace: Mt. xi. 23 [here L Tr WH καταβαίνειν); Lk. x. 15 [here Tr mrg. WH txt. καταβαίνειν]. [See esp. Boettcher, De Inferis, s. ν. Ἅιδης in Grk. index. On the existence and locality of Hades cf. Greswell on the Parables, App. ch. x. vol. v. pt. ii. pp. 261-406; on the doctrinal significance of the word see the BB. DD. and E. R. Craven in Lange on Rev. pp. 364-377.]*
ἀ-διά-κριτος, -ον, (διακρίνω to distinguish); 1. undistinguished and undistinguishable: φωνή, Polyb. 15, 12, 9; λόγος, Lcian. Jup. Trag. 25; for בֹּהוּ, Gen. i. 2 Symm. 2. without dubiousness, ambiguity, or uncertainty (see διακρίνω, Pass. and Mid. 3 [al. without variance, cf. διακρίνω, 2]): ἡ ἄνωθεν σοφία, Jas. iii. 17 (Ignat. ad Eph. 3, 2 Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς τὸ ἀδιάκριτον ἡμῶν ζῆν [yet al. take the word here i. q. inseparable, cf. Zahn in Patr. Apost. Opp., ed. Gebh., Harn. and Zahn, fasc. ii. p. 7; see also in general Zahn, Ignatius, p. 429 note1; Bp. Lghtft. on Ignat. l. c.; Soph. Lex. s. v. Used from Hippocr. down.]).*
ἀδιάλειπτος, -ον, (διαλείπω to intermit, leave off), unintermitted, unceasing: Ro. ix. 2; 2 Tim. i. 3. [Tim. Locr. 98 e.]*
ἀδιαλείπτως, adv., without intermission, incessantly, assiduously: Ro. i. 9; 1 Τh. i. 2 (3); ii. 13; v. 17. [Polyb, Diod., Strabo; 1 Macc. xii. 11.]*
ἀ-δια-φθορία, -ας, ἡ, (fr. ἀδιάφθορος incorrupt, incorruptible; and this from ἀδιαφθείρω), incorruptibility, soundness, integrity: of mind, ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ, Tit. ii. 7 (L T Tr WH ἀφθορίαν). Not found in the classics.*
ἀδικέω, -ῶ; [fut. ἀδικήσω]; 1 aor. ἠδίκησα; Pass., [pres. ἀδικοῦμαι]; 1 aor. ἠδικήθην; literally to be ἄδικος. 1. absolutely; a. to act unjustly or wickedly, to sin: Rev. xxii. 11; Col. iii. 25. b. to be a criminal, to have violated the laws in some way: Acts xxv. 11, (often so
