more expressive than the formal enumerations of P (618
713 816. 18). The principle involved is the religious solidarity
of the family; its members are saved for the righteousness of
its head (cf. 1912).—thee have I seen (to be) righteous ((
Hebrew characters), see
on 69)] Bu. and others take this to be a judgement
based on Noah's obedience in building the ark; but that is
hardly correct. The verb is not (Hebrew characters) but (Hebrew characters), which has precisely
the same force as the (Hebrew characters) of 65. Comp. also 68.—2.
clean ((Hebrew characters)) means, practically, fit for sacrifice and human
food; the technical antithesis is (Hebrew characters), which, however, is
here avoided, whether purposely (De. 174) or not it is
impossible to say. The distinction is not, as was once
supposed (see Tu.), a proof of J's interest in Levitical
matters, but, on the contrary, of the naïveté of his religious
conceptions. He regards it as rooted in the nature of things,
and cannot imagine a time when it was not observed. His
view is nearer the historical truth than the theory of P,
who traces the distinction to the positive enactments of
the Sinaitic legislation (Lv. 11, Dt. 14), and consequently
ignores it here. The same difference of standpoint appears
with regard to sacrifice, altars, etc.: see 43f. 820 127 etc.—(Hebrew characters)]
by sevens (G-K. § 134 q); i.e. '7 (individuals)
of each kind' (De. Str. al.), rather than '7 pairs' (Ber. R.
IEz. Di. Gu. al.),—in spite of the following (Hebrew characters). It
is a plausible conjecture (Ra. De. Str.) that the odd
individual was a male destined for sacrifice (820).—3a presents
an impure text (v.i.), and must either be removed as a gloss
(Kue. Bu. Ho. Gu. al.) or supplemented with (G (Ba. Ben.).—3b.
to keep seed alive, etc.] reads better as the continuation of
- 2. For (
Hebrew characters), [E]GSV read (Hebrew characters),—probably correctly.—(Hebrew characters) (bis)]
[E] (Hebrew characters), assimilating J to P.—3a. The distinction to be expected
between clean and unclean birds is made imperfectly by [E] and S, which
insert (Hebrew characters) after (Hebrew characters); and fully by G, which goes further and adds
the words (Greek characters).
Ball accepts this, thinking the omission in MT due to homoioteleuton.
But the phrase (Hebrew characters) shows that 3a has been manipulated; and it is
on the whole more likely that it is entirely redactional. Birds may be
included in the (Hebrew characters) of v.2; though Bu.'s parallels (Ex. 813f. 99. 22. 25,
Jer. 3243 3310. 12 3629, Ps. 367) are not quite convincing.—3b. (Hebrew characters)] P uses
