HAYNES 508 HAYS in 1853 with a thesis on "Gunshot Wounds." He practised in Philadelphia a short time before he was appointed surgeon of the sec- ond Grinnell Expedition in search of Sir John Franklin (1853), commanded by Elisha K. Kane (q. v.) and known as "Kane's Ex- pedition." Hayes was not only surgeon and naturalist, but proved valuable as an explorer. In the autumn of 1853 he helped to lay out depots on a trip on Glacier Island from Van Rensselaer Harbor ; in the following May (1854) he crossed Kane Sea and was the first civilized man to set foot on Grinnell Land, travelling along the coast to Cape Frazer, about 79° 45' north latitude- In the summer of 1854 the Advance was frozen in, and on August 28 Hayes with eight companions left the ship in an attempt to reach Uper- navik, Dr. Kane granting permission, but ad- vising against the move. The party was stopped by ice and struggled through aided by the Etah Esquimaux until December when in wretched condition they returned to the Advance — the party under Kane reached Upernavik by sledge and boat in the summer of 1854. On July 7, 1860, Hayes sailed in command of the United States which had been "fitted out by public subscription for explor- ation of the open polar sea." On July 10, 1861, he broke ice "an unprecedented!/ early date for an Arctic vessel" and explored part of the shore of Ellsmere Land, and was the first known white man to land there. In 1869 he went to Greenland in the Panther with William Bradford, the artist. In 1867 he re- ceived the founder's medal of tlie Royal Geo- graphical Society, and in 1869 the gold medal of the Paris Society in recognition of his work in the Arctic. Dr. Hayes never married. He wrote : "An Arctic Boat-Journey in the Autumn of 1854" (1860) ; "Physical Observa- tions in the Arctic Seas" (1860-1861); "The Open Sea" .... (1867) ; "Cast Away in the Cold . . . ." (1869); "The Land of Desola- tion" (1871); "Pictures of Arctic Travel" (1881). Dr. Hayes died in New York, December 17, 1881. Appleton's Cyclop, of Amer. Biog., New York, 18S7. Information through Ewing Jordan. M. D. Some of our Med. Explorers and Adventurers, William Browning. M. D., New York Med. Rec. October 26, 1918. Haynes, Francis Leader (1850-1898). Francis L. HavTies, surgeon of Southern California, was born at Philadelphia, July 11, 18.50, the son of John Sidney and Elvira Mann Koons Haynes. He was a delicate boy but rather precocious mentally, so that he graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1871, submitting as an essay, "Physiologi- cal Effects of Bromide of Potassium." He served as interne in the Episcopal Hospital of Philadelphia and began practice in that city, moving to Los Angeles, California, in 1886, where he began pioneer work in surgical asep- sis. He was an active and enthusiastic mem- ber of the Los Angeles County Medical As- sociation and of the Southern California Med- ical Society, before which he read papers on abdominal surgery — in which he specialized — antiseptic wound dressings, repair of recent lacerations of puerperal tissues, the improved Cesarean section and similar topics, published largely in the Southern California Practi- tioner. He was professor of Gynecology in the Medical College of the University of Southern California at Los Angeles. Dr. Haynes devoted much attention to the training of nurses on the Pacific Coast, a matter that had received little attention there in the "seventies." He taught in his hospi- tal and wrote "A Surgical Primer For Nurses," first put out in manifold typewritten form and published as a book in 1895. In the introduction he said : "Be as clean as you can, be as thorough as you can, be as quick as you can, and remember that behind all that you do there is a life." Education and vocational training were in- terests of Dr. Haynes and he served until his death as an enthusiastic trustee of the Wliittier State School of three hundred boys, situated a few miles from Los Angeles. A hard worker and almost morbidly con- scientious Dr. Haynes succumbed to cerebral embolism at his home in Los Angeles., October 18, 1898, at the age of forty-eight, mourned by the profession of California. WIalter Lindley. Hays, Isaac (1796-1879). The name of Isaac Hays is always associated with that which is well written and worth reading in American medical literature. His editorship of the American Journal of the Medical Sciences (1827-1879) sustained his reputation both in America and abroad. Born in Philadelphia, July 5, 1796, he was the son of Samuel and Richea Gratz Hays. His father, a wealthy merchant, gave his children a cultured and refined upbringing. Young Isaac was first under the Rev. Samuel B. Wylie, and afterwards graduated A. B. from the University of Pennsylvania, 1816. He
