MACBRIDE 725 MAC CALLUM His writings are to be found, for the most part, in the Transactions of the Michigan State Medical Society. Leartus Connor. Hist, of Mich. Univ., Ann Arbor, 1906. Biog. Cyclop, of Mich., N. Y. and Detroit, 1900. Macbride, James (1784-1817) Equally well known as physician and botanist, James Macbride was born in Wil- liamsburg County, South Carolina, in 1784. 'He graduated from Yale in 1805 and afterwards studied medicine. Settling in Pineville, South Carolina, he practised there for a few years, but later removed to Charleston, where he died of yellow fever in 1817, only thirty-three, yet when he had already made a reputation as physician and scientist. Botany attracted him most and his chief writings on this subject were contributed to the Transactions of the Linnaean Society and elsewhere. His name has been embodied by Dr. Stephen Elliott in the Macbridea pulchra, a genus found in St. Johns, Berkeley, South Carolina, of which but two species are known to exist. Dr. Elliott also dedicated to him the second volume of his "Sketch of the Botany of South Carolina and Georgia" (1824). Profoundly skilled in his profession and high in the confidence of his fellow-citizens he fell a victim to yellow fever, depriving Charleston of a good citizen and medical botany of a devoted student. Some American Medical Botanists. H. A. Kelly, 1914. Memorials of John Bartram and Humphrey Mar- shall, W. Darlington, 18-49. Sketch of the Botany of So. Carolina and Georgia. Stephen Elliott, 1824. McBurney, Charles (1845-1913) Charles McBurney, surgeon of New York City, was born in Roxbury, Massachusetts. February 17, 1845, and died at his sister's house in Brookline, Massachusetts, November 7, 1913. He was the son of Charles and Rosine Horton McBurney. He was educated in pri- vate schools in and about Boston, and entered Harvard University in 1862, receiving the de- gree of A. B. in 1866, and A. M. in 1869. He graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City in 1870, and went abroad to continue his medical studies m Vienna, Paris and London; upon his return beginning practice in New York City. In 1872 he was appointed assistant demon- strator of anatomy in the College of Physicians and Surgeons and filled this position until 1880, when he was elected instructor in opera- tive surgery. From 1889 to 1892 he was pro- fessor of surgery; from 1892 to 1897 he was professor of clinical surgery, and later pro- fessor emeritus. He continued to attend to private as well as to hospital practice until 1907, when he retired to Stockbridge, Massa- chusetts. He was visiting surgeon to St. Luke's Hos- pital from 1875 to 1888, and was the only attending surgeon to Roosevelt Hospital from 1889 to 1901. Through the gift of William J. Syms, in 1892, McBurney established the first model elaborate private operating pavilion. He was also consulting surgeon to the New York, Presbyterian, St. Mary's, the Orthopedic, and to the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled. He was an honorary member of the Royal College of Surgeons, of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Philadelphia, of the Surgical Society of Paris, the Roman Med- ical and Surgical Society, and other medical organizations. Among his contributions to surgery are : "The Indications for Early Laparotomy" ; "The Treatment of Appendi- citis" ; "A Contribution to Cerebral Surgery" ; "Dislocation of the Humerus Complicated b/ Fracture." He was a contributor to Dennis'* S}'Stem of Surgery, and to the International Text-Book of Surgery. He was long an eminent teacher and his clinics were tre- mendously popular. In the history of medicine McBurney's name will ever be associated with the vermiform appendix as the first surgeon to point out a ready means of detecting a diseased appendi.x by pressure on a particular spot, which at once became known as "Mc- Burney's point." and as the originator of a short incision exposing the appendix without cutting the muscle fibres — "McBurney's in- cision." Operations on the appendix began a new era in surgery, and McBurney was the first to exploit this great field in which he was long the leading authority. He married Margaret Willoughby Weston, October 8, 1874. They had two sons and a daughter. Mrs. McBurney died June 1, 1909. Frederic S. Dennis. MacCallum, Duncan CampbeU (1825-1904) Duncan Campbell MacCallum was born in the Province of Quebec on November 12, 1825. By descent he was a pure Celt, being the son of John MacCallum and Mary Camp- bell ; his maternal grandfather, Malcolm Camp- bell, of Killin, widely esteemed through the Perthshire Highlands, was a near kinsman and relative, through the Lochiel Camerons, of the Earl of Breadalbane. Dr. MacCallum received his medical educa- tion at McGill University, at which institution
