MAC CALLUM 726 MAC CALLUM he graduated as M. D. in the year 1850. He then went to London, Edinburgh and Dublin, where he continued his studies, and in Febru- ary 1851, was examined and admitted a mem- ber of the Royal College of Surgeons, Eng- land. Returning to Canada, he entered on the practice of his profession in Montreal, being demonstrator of anatomy at McGill from 1854-56; professor of clinical surgery 1856-60; professor of clinical medicine and medical jurisprudence, 1860-68; professor of midwifery and diseases of women and children, 1868-83 ; after which he was emeritus professor of that university. He was visiting physician to the Montreal General Hospital from 1856 to 1887, when he resigned and was placed on the con- sulting stafT. From 1868 to 1883 he had charge of the university lying-in hospital, and after- wards was consulting physician there. For a long period he took an active part in the literature of his profession, and articles from his pen appeared in the British-American Medical and Surgical Journal, the Canada Medical Journal, and the "Transactions of the Obstetrical Society of London, Eng." In 1854 he, in conjunction with Dr. Wm. Wright, estab- lished and edited the Medical Chronicle which had an existence of six years. He was vice- president for Canada of the section of Ob- stetrics in the Ninth International Medical Congress, held at Washington during the week beginning September 5th, 1887. Dr. MacCallum married Mary Josephine Guy, second daughter of the late Hon. Hip- polyte Guy, judge of the Superior Court of Lower Canada, in October, 1867. His family consisted of five children, four daughters and one son. Dr. MacCallum died November 13, 1904, at his home in Montreal after a short illness, aged eighty. A Cyclopaedia of Canadian Biography, Geo. M. Rose. Toronto. 1888. vol. ii, p. 138-140. Jour, Amer. Med. Asso., 1904, vol. xliii. 1643. The Canada Lancet, Toronto, vol. xxxviii, 1904-5, 387, obit. 46-61. Portrait. MacCallum, John Bruce (1876-1906) Born in Dunnville, Ontario, Canada, June 10, 1876, he was the second son of Dr. George A. MacCallum of that town. After going as a boy to the local schools he went to Toronto where he graduated from Toronto University in 1896. In the autumn of the same year he went to Baltimore to begin studying medi- cine at the Johns Hopkins Medical School, where he took his M. D. in 1900. While a student there he carried out several investiga- tions on anatomical subjects; the most im- portant of which was that on the architecture of the ventricles of the heart. During this time, at the end of his third year of study, he began to show alarming syinptoms of the lingering illness which caused his death, and his final year was interrupted by a prolonged stay in the hospital. Never- theless, in the autumn after his graduation he was sufficiently well to accept a position as assistant in anatomy in the University. He held the place for a year, during which time he completed other anatomical studies. That sum- mer he attempted to spend in Germany, but was again prostrated by his old illness and compelled to return to Canada where he spent the winter in the woods in the hope of re- gaining his health. There with no facilities of any sort he completed the translation and editing of Szymonowicz's "Histology." After a stay of two months in Jamaica and another summer on the northern lakes of Ontario, he again felt himself strong and in 1902 went to Denver where he thought to practise. He taught anatomy in the Denver Medical School for a short time, but soon became disheart- ened and left it all to drift westward to Cali- fornia. There he was invited by Prof. Jacques Loeb to become his assistant in physiology and from his acceptance of this post until his death his work in the new subject was most pro- ductive. In 1905, when he had become assistant pro- fessor of physiology in the University of Cali- fornia, he again fell ill and hurried east to Baltimore where he remained some time in the hospital. Afterwards another summer in Canada restored him but little. Nevertheless, the West called to him and he insisted on returning to Berkeley where he died in Febru- ary, 19C6, apparently from slowly advancing tuberculosis. This is an outline of his brief life in which each turning was directed by his illnesses. In his harness to the end, he cheerily though falteringly tested the effects of various drugs on jellyfish when from his weakness he could no longer control a rabbit, and the paper on these experiments which his mother wrote at his dictation was published after his death. He was indefatigable in his interest in his work and labored as an artist with a grasp of his problem. Throughout his crippled life he bore himself with the courage and cheerful- ness which stood so well by R. L. Stevenson. Most of his writings may be found in the columns of the Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulle- tin, American Journal of Anatomy, University of California publications, and Journal of Biological Chemistry. Charles R. Bardeen.
