Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/101

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root far, ‘continued motion of every kind,’ is supported also by führen. As derivatives of the Aryan root per, por, comp. Gr. πόρος, ‘way, passage,’ πόρθμος, ‘straits’ (see Furt), πορθμεύς, ‘ferryman,’ πορεύω, ‘to bring, convey, cross,’ πορεύεσθαι, ‘to go, travel, march’ (hence there is a leaning in Gr. also to the meaning ‘to go by ship’ in the case of the root πορ); OSlov. perą. pirati, ‘to fly’; Sans. root par, ‘to lead across’; Lat. peritus, ‘experienced’ —

Fahrende Habe, ‘movables,’ from the equiv. MidHG. varnde habe, varndez guot, OHG. faranti scaz.

Fahrt, f., ‘journey, ride, drive, voyage, course,’ from MidHG. vart, OHG. fart; comp. OSax. fard, ‘journey, voyage,’ AS. fyrd, ferd, f., ‘journey, voyage, expedition, troops on the march,’ OIc. ferð, f., ‘journey’; Goth. *farþs or *fards is wanting, but the term us-farþô (us skipa, ‘shipwreck’) occurs once. From por-ti-s, a derivative of the root por appearing in fahren; comp. also fertig.

Fährte, f., ‘track, trail, scent,’ prop. the plur. of MidHG. vart, OHG. fart, ‘track. way, journey, voyage,’ See Fahrt.

falb, adj., identical with fahl.

Falbel, f., ‘flounce,’ simply ModHG., from Fr. and Ital. falbala, whence also E. furbelow.

Falke, m., ‘falcon, hawk,’ from the equiv. MidHG. valke, OHG. falcho, m. (in UpG. still written Falch). In the other Teut. languages the word does not appear till late in the Middle Ayes (OIc. falke, E. falcon, Du. valk), yet Falco already existed in Lombardic proper names (comp. also AS. Wester-falcna). Among the Anglo-Saxons the falcon was called wealhheafoc, ‘Welsh hawk’; OIc. valr, ‘falcon,’ is prop. ‘the Kelic (bird)’; comp. Walnuß, welsch. Hence it is possible that OHG. falcho originated in the tribal name Volcae, ‘Kelts’; *volcon- may have become falkon-, and the Romance cognates (Ital. falcone, Fr. faucon) borrowed from it. But it is also possible that the word is connected with the cognates of fahl (UpGer. falch, ‘a fawn-coloured cow’); hence Falke, ‘a fawn-coloured (bird)’?. If, on the other hand, the word originated in the Lat.-Rom. cognates (Lat. falco is recorded in the 4th cent.), we must base it on the Lat. falx, ‘sickle’; falco, lit. ‘sickle-bearer’ (on account of its hooked claws?).

fallen, vb., ‘to fall, abate, diminish,’ from the equiv. MidHG. valn, OHG. fallan;

the common Teut. word for ‘to fall’ (singularly, however, it is unknown to Goth.); comp. OIc. falla, AS. feallan, E. to fall, OSax. fallan. The Teut. root fal-l, pre-Teut. phal-n., appears in Gr. and Sans. as sphal with an s prefixed; comp. Gr. σφάλλω, ‘to fell, overthrow,’ σφάλλομαι, ‘to fall, be deceived.’ Lat. fallo is based directly upon the root phal, ‘to deceive’; Sans. root sphal, ‘to stagger’; also Lith. pǔlu, púlti, ‘to fall,’; and akin to Sans. phala, ‘ripe, falling fruit’?. —

Fall, n., ‘fall, ruin, event, case (in gram., &c.),’ OHG. and MidHG. val. (gen. valles), m.; comp. AS. fyll, m., ‘fall, death, ruin.’ —

Falle, f., from MidHG. valle, OHG. falla, f., ‘snare, decipula’; AS. fealle, f., ‘laqueus, decipula’ (wanting in E.), Du. val, ‘snare, noose.’

falsch, adj., ‘false, wrong,’ from the equiv. MidHG. valsch, adj.; OHG. *falsc is not recorded. On account of late AS. fals, E. false, Scand. fals, which are clearly derived from Lat., the word is doubtlessly connected in some way with Lat. falsus. But since the latter retained its s unchanged (comp. Ital. falso, Fr. faux, from OFr. false), we cannot imagine that the word was borrowed directly from Lat.-Romance (OIc. falskr is a German loanword of the 15th cent.). Probably MidHG. valsch, a comparatively recent formation (comp. fein, wach), from OHG. gifalscón, gifęlscen, vb., ‘to falsify,’ which is derived from a Lat. *falsicâre; Romance *falscare, ‘to falsify.’ The assumption that MidHG. valsch (akin to vâlant, ‘demon’?) is primit. allied to Lat. fallere, Gr. σφάλλεσθαι, is scarcely valid.

-falt, -fältig, adj. suffix, ‘-fold,’ from MidHG. -valt, OHG. falt; comp. Goth. -falþs, AS. -feald, E. -fold, OIc. -faldr; a common Teut. suffix in the formation of multiplicatives; it corresponds to Gr. πλάσιος in δι-πλάσιος, &c. (also δίπαλτος, ‘twofold’), for pltios, with which -falt seems to be primit. cognate. See falten, and Einfalt under ein.

falten, vb.. ‘to fold, plait, knit (the brow),’ from the equiv. MidHG. valten, OHG. faltan, faldan; corresponds to Goth falþan, OIc. falda, AS. fealdan, E. to fold; the Teut. root is falþ, ‘to fold,’ pre-Teut. plt, with which comp. OSlov. pletą. plesti, ‘to twist,’ Gr. διπλάσιος, ‘twofold’ (see under -falt), Sans. puṭa, ‘fold,’ for plta.

Falte, f., ‘fold, plait, crease, hem,’ from MidHG. valte, OHG. falt, m., ‘fold,’ is