Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/102

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primit. cognate with Sans. puṭa, ‘fold’ (from pulta). See falzen. — From an OTeut. Faltstuhl (AS. fyldstôl), ‘folding stool,’ is derived the Fr. cognate fauteuil, which has lately been adopted again by ModHG.; comp. MidLat. faldistolium, faldistorium, Ital. faldistorio.

Falter, m., simply ModHG., ‘butterfly’; the MidHG. term is vîvalter (corrupted also into zwivalter), ‘butterfly,’ from which the ModHG. word has been corrupted by connecting it with falten. But MidHG. vîvalter is based upon an OTeut. term for ‘butterfly,’ which may have been *feifaldrô in Goth.; comp. OHG. fîfaltra, OSax. fîfoldara, AS. fîfealde, OIc. fifrilde, ‘butterfly’; akin to Du. vijfwouter, ‘a sort of butterfly.’ The origin of this term is not yet established, although it is probably a reduplicated form like beben and zittern.

falzen, vb., ‘to fold, groove, rabbet,’ from MidHG. velzen, valzen, OHG. falzen, ‘to fold’; Falz, m., from MidHG. valz, m., ‘fold, joint’; akin to OHG. anafalz, ‘anvil,’ AS. anfilt, E. anvil, Du. anbeeld, ‘anvil’ (see Amboß). The cognates are undoubtedly connected with falten; MidHG. valz may have been *falti in Goth., which would probably represent falt-ti, pltni- (comp. schnitzen from schneiden). — Falz, see Balz.

fangen, fahen, vb., ‘to catch, seize, fish (an anchor), soften (hides),’ from MidHG. vâhen, vân, OHG. fâhan, ‘to catch, intercept, seize’; the common Teut. vb. — Goth. fâhan, OIc. fá, AS. fôn (for *fôhan from *fõhan; wanting in E.) — has the same meaning. Root fanh (whence fãh, fâh), and by a grammatical change fang (this form is really found only in the partic. and pret., but it has made its way in ModHG. into the pres. also), pre-Teut. pank. With the Teut. cognates some have compared the unnasalised root pak, in Lat. pax, pacem (lit. ‘strengthening’?); akin to the nasalised pango (partic. pactum), with g for c?, Sans. pãça, ‘cord’; the root pak appears without a nasal in Teut. fôg; see HG. fügen. —

Fang, m., ‘catch, capture, fang, clutches, haul,’ from MidHG. vanc, m., OHG. fang; comp. AS. feng, ‘clutch, embrace,’ fang, ‘capture,’ E. fang (tooth, claw).

Fant, m., ‘coxcomb,’ a LG. form (comp. Du. vent, ‘a would-be wit, fool’), for MidHG. vanz, m., ‘rogue’ (still existing in alfanz, lit. ‘vagabond’; comp. ModHG. Firle, Fanz, the first part of which is ob-

scure, perhaps connected with AS. fyrlen, ‘foreign’?). See Alfanzerei.

Farbe, f., ‘colour, complexion, suit (of cards),’ from MidHG. varwe, OHG. farawa, ‘colour’; a fem, subst. from the MidHG. adj. var, inflected form varwer, ‘coloured,’ from OHG. faro (nom. farawêr); comp. Du. verw. The word originated probably in Middle Europe, but found its way to the North; Dan. farve, Swed. färg. Is Goth. *farwa-, adj. (whence Lith. parwas, ‘colour’), or *fazwa to be postulated?

Farn, m., n., ‘fern,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. varn, varm; corresponds to Du. varenkruid, AS. fearn, E. fern. The interchange of n and m in OHG. and MidHG. is due to the assimilation of the suffix na- to the initial labial; comp. OHG. feim with OInd. phêna, and OHG. bodam with Sans. budhna. Farn is wanting in OIc.; yet comp. Swed. dial. fänne (Ic. *ferne). The type is doubtlessly Aryan parna-, which is identical with Sans. parṇa, n., ‘wing, feather, foliage, leaf’; hence Farn is lit. ‘feather-like leaf’ (Gr. πτερίς, ‘fern,’ and πτερόν, ‘feather’). Probably allied also to Lith. papartis, Russ. paporotĭ (OSlov. *papratĭ), ‘fern.’

Farre, m., ‘bullock, bull,’ from the equiv. MidHG. varre, var, m., OHG. farro, far, m.; corresponding to Du. varre, var, ‘bull,’ AS. fearr, m., OIc. farre, m., ‘bull.’ Since there is a corresponding fen. form, Färse, the rr must have originated in rz (rs), (comp. dürr, irre). —

Färse, f. (unknown to UpG.), ‘heifer,’ from MidHG. (MidG. and LG.) vęrse, f.; comp. Du. vaars, ‘heifer’ (likewise vaarkoe, ‘heifer’); in Goth. probably *farsi, gen. farsjôs; E. heifer, from the equiv. AS. heáhfore, heáfre, f., seems to contain Farre, Färse, in the final syllable. The stem farz, fars, does not recur exactly in the cognate languages, yet Gr. πόρις, πόρτις, ‘calf, heifer,’ agree with it in sound; likewise Sans. pṛšatî, ‘white-spotted cow’ (fem. of prat, ‘speckled, spotted’)?.

Färse, see under Farre.

farzen, vb., ‘to fart,’ from the equiv. MidHG. varzen (also vurzen, vërzen), allied to OHG. fërzan, ‘to fart’; corresponds to AS. feortan, E. to fart; OIc. (with transposition of the r), freta. Teut. root fert, from the Aryan perd, with the same meaning; comp. Sans. root pard, Gr. πέρδειν, Lith. pérdżu, pérsti, Russ. perdětĭ.

Fasan, m., ‘pheasant,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. fasân, fasant, m.; the