Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/121

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remote in meaning; akin to Lat. pruîna, ‘rime’ (for *prusvîna); Sans. prušvá, ‘drop, frozen drop, rime.’ Under no circumstances can the word be connected with Lat. frigere.

Fries, m., also Friese, f.,‘frieze (cloth and part of a column),’ ModHG. only, formerly also in the sense of ‘coarse woollen stuff’; from Fr. frise, f., whence E. frieze; the Fr. word, like its Romance cognates, is itself derived from Teut.; comp AS. frise, ‘curled,’ E. to friz, frizzle, OFris. frisle, ‘hair of the head.’

Frieseln, partic. plur., ‘miliary fever,’ ModHG. only, from frieren, which represents an earlier friesen.

flisch, adj.,‘fresh, cool, raw (of a wound),’ from MidHG. vrisc, OHG. frisc, adj., ‘new, young, cheerful, active, pert’; corresponding to AS. fërsc, E. fresh, OIc. ferskr, ‘fresh.’ The further origin is obscure; on account of its meaning Lat. priscus (akin to prior, prius) cannot be allied; perhaps OHG. frisc is derived from früh, OHG. fruo. The HG. word found its way at an early period into Romance (comp, Ital. fresco, Fr. frais), and into E. (frisk).

Frischling, m., ‘young wild-boar,’ from MidHG. vrischinc, vrischlinc, m.; a derivative of frisch with the suffixes -ing, -ling. The OHG. frisking (fruscing), ‘beast of offering,’ was adopted by OFr. as fresange, ‘young pig.’

frisieren, vb., ‘to curl, dress the hair,’ ModHG. only, from Fr. friser, which is again derived from the cognates mentioned at the end of the article Fries.

Frist, f., ‘period, appointed time, respite,’ from MidHG. vrist, f., OHG. frist, f., (neu.), ‘limited period, postponement, space of time’; OSax. frist, AS. first, m., OIc. frest, n. plur., ‘postponement.’ Probably not derived from the root fri (see frei), ‘to love.’ It might more reasonably be connected with the Goth. verbal particle fri in frisahts, if the meaning of the latter were clear. See also Rist

froh, adj., ‘glad, joyous, happy,’ from MidHG. vrô (gen. vrôwes, vrouwes), OHG. frô (inflected form frawêr), ‘glad’; corresponding to OSax. frao (gen. *frawes, frahes), MidDu. vro, ‘glad’; a corresponding word in E. is wanting. OIc. frár, ‘quick, nimble,’ closely agrees in sound; with respect to the meaning, comp. the analogous glatt and E. glad. Thus the sensuous meaning ‘nimble’ might be taken as the starting-point. If the Scand. word

be disregarded, ‘gracious, friendly,’ might be assumed as the primary meaning, in order to connect the word with the expressions for ‘master, lord,’ mentioned under frohn.

frohlocken, vb., ‘to exult, triumph, shout for joy,’ from MidHG. vrôlocken (rare), ‘jubilate’; according to MidHG. vrô-sanc, ‘song of joy, hallelujah,’ probably a corruption of an earlier form, frôleichen; OHG. and MidHG. *vrô-leich would be also lit. ‘song of joy.’ E. to frolic is derived from Du. vrolijk, ‘joyous.’

frohn, adj., ‘lordly, holy,’ now only preserved as the first component in archaic compounds; from MidHG. vrôn, adj., ‘relating to the master or lord, sacred.’ In OHG. there appears instead of an adj. *frôn a petrified form frôno, ‘magnificent, divine, sacred,’ which is prop. a gen. plur. of frô, ‘lord’ (used only in the vocative). In MidHG. vrôn appears in numerous compounds for the temporal lord, as well as for the κύριος, ‘the lord,’ κατ’ ἐξοχήν, ‘Christ’; comp. MidHG. vrônlîchnam, m., ‘Christ’s body, the host,’ ModHG. Frohnleihnam; MidHG. vrônkriuze, OHG. daz frôno chrûzi, ‘the cross of Christ’; MidHG. vrônalter, ‘high altar,’ &c.; also vrônhof, ‘mansion,’ vrônwalt, ‘a wood belonging to the lord,’ vrônrëht, ‘public right.’ ModHG. retained Frohndienst, from MidHG. vrôndienst; see fröhnen. As to OHG. frô,‘O lord,’ stress must be laid on its correspondence to AS. freá, ‘lord,’ as well as OSax. frao. Goth. has a form with j, frauja, m. (AS. frêgea), ‘lord,’ which is seen in HG. in the fem. forms OHG. frouwa, MidHG. vrouwe, Goth. *fraujô, With these some connect in Scand. the names of the deities Freyr and Freyja. Whether the stem fraun-, for frawun- and fraujan-, in the sense of ‘gracious, friendly,’ is allied to the adj. froh, ‘glad,’ remains to be proved. Comp. Frau.

Frohne, f., ‘compulsory service, villeinage,’ from MidHG. vrône, f., ‘villein socage.’ See frohn.

fröhnen, frohnen, vb., ‘to serve,’ from MidHG. vrônen (vrœnen) ‘to serve, perform villein socage.’ See frohn, Frohne.

fromm, adj., ‘worthy, pious, harmless,’ from MidHG. vrum (inflected form vrumer), adj., ‘able, excellent, good, gallant, conducive.’ The adj. is prop. a subst. (comp. Schade); MidHG. frum, fruma, OHG. fruma, ‘use, advantage’ (frummen, ‘to