Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/148

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Grippe, f. ‘influenza,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Fr. grippe.

grob, adj., ‘coarse, uncouth, rude,’ from MidHG. grop(b), gerop, OHG. gerob, grob, ‘thick, awkward, indelicate’; comp. Du. and MidLG. grof, ‘coarse.’ The explanation of the word is not certain, since it is wanting in the other Teut. languages; it is undecided whether the term is compounded with ge-, Goth. ga-; if Goth. *ga-hruba- were the primit. form, the connection with AS. hreóf, OHG. riob, ‘scabiosus,’ would still remain doubtful.

grollen, vb., ‘to bear ill-will or a grudge; roll (of thunder,)’ allied to MidHG. grüllen, ‘to scorn, ridicule’; comp. AS. gryllan, ‘to gnash,’ MidE. grillen, ‘to vex’?.

Groppe, m. and f., ‘miller's thumb,’ from the equiv. MidHG. groppe; akin to MidLat. carabus?.

Gros, Groß, n., simply ModHG., from the equiv. Fr. grosse, ‘twelve dozen, gross.’

Groschen, m., ‘groschen (11/5d.),’ from the equiv. MidHG. gros, grosse, m.; like Fr. gros, ‘groschen,’ from MidLat. grossus; related to the common Rom. adj., Ital. grosso, ‘thick’ (comp. Fr. gros), just as MidLG. grote (whence E. groat), ‘groschen,’ to groß.

groß, adj., ‘great, large, huge, grand,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. grôȥ; a specifically West Teut. adj. (in Goth. mikils, MidHG. michel, Gr. μεγάλη); comp. OSax. grôt, Du. groot, E. great, AS. greát. The assumed Goth. *grauta- (pre-Teut. ghraudo-) has no correspondences in the non-Teut. languages. On account of the Teut. au especially, Lat. grandis cannot be primit. allied; it is rather connected with Lat. rûdus, raudus, n., ‘lump of bronze, stones broken into small pieces,’ and rudis, ‘raw’ (Aryan root ghrū̆d).

Grotte, see Gruft.

Grotzen, see Griebs.

Grube, f., ‘pit, cavity, quarry, mine, ditch,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gruobe, OHG. gruoba, f.; comp. Goth. grôba, f., ‘pit, cavern’ (E. groove); allied to graben. Whether Gruft, f., ‘cave, hollow, sepulchre,’ is connected with it is questionable; MidHG. gruft, OHG. gruft, might well correspond in form to graben, as the vowels of grübeln prove. But the absence of the word in the other OTeut. dialects probably shows that it was borrowed from the Rom. cognates, Ital. grotta, Fr. grotte,

‘grotto’ (whence also Grotte, in ModHG. only), which are based on early MidLat. grupta (Gr. κρύπτη). —

grübeln, vb., ‘to grub, rack one's brains, brood,’ from MidHG. grübelen, OHG. grubilôn, ‘to excavate by boring, investigate closely’; it is certainly connected with the root grab, ‘to dig’ (comp. E. to grub).

Grummet, n., ‘aftermath,’ from MidHG. gruënmât, gruonmât, n., ‘grass mown when it is green, i.e. unripe, aftermath’; the derivation from the root grô (see grün), ‘to grow,’ is less probable (Grümmet, lit. ‘grass mown during its growth’). Comp. Mahd.

grün, adj., ‘green, fresh, vigorous, unripe,’ from MidHG. grüene, OHG. gruoni, ‘green, fresh’; corresponding to OSax. grôni, Du. groen, AS. grêne, E. green, OIc. grœ́nn, Goth. *grô-ni-, ‘green'; allied to a Teut. root grô, ‘to grow, become green.’ Comp. MidHG. grüejen, OHG. gruoan, ‘to grow green’; AS. grôwan, E. to grow, Du. groeijen, ‘to grow, thrive.’ Akin to Gras and its Aryan cognates.

Grund, m., ‘ground, earth, basis, rudiment, reason,’ from the equiv. MidHG. grunt(d), OHG. grunt, m.; corresponding to Du. grond, AS. grund, E. ground, OIc. grund, ‘meadow land,’ grunnr (from grun-þus), ‘bottom of the sea;’ Goth. grundu-waddjus, ‘foundation wall.’ Goth. grundu, from pre-Teut. ghrentu- (with t on account of OIc. grunnr), cannot have originated in the Teut. root grind (pre-Teut. ghrendh) mentioned under Grand. No cognates are found in the non-Teut. languages.

Grünspan, m., ‘verdigris,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. gruënspân, m., formed like the ordinary MidHG. spângrüen, n., ‘verdigris,’ from MidLat. viride Hispanum.

grunzen, vb., ‘to grunt,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. grunzen (OHG. *grunnazzen); corresponding to E. to grunt (MidE. grunten); intensive form of MidHG. grinnen, AS. grunnian, ‘to gnash.’ The stem upon which it is based is probably imitative, as the similarly sounding Lat. grunnire, Gr. γρύζειν, lead us to suppose.

gruseln, vb., ‘to inspire terror,’ ModHG. simply, intensive of grausen.

Gruß, m., ‘greeting, salute,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. gruoȥ, m.; corresponding to Du. groet. ‘To this is allied grüßen, from MidHG. grüeȥen (grüetzen), OHG. gruoȥȥen (gruozzen), wk. vb., ‘to address, accost’ (also with hostile intent ‘to