Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/149

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attack’); corresponding to AS. grêtan, E. to greet, Du. groeten, OSax. grôtian, ‘to address,’ OIc. grœta. The latter is probably the primary meaning of the cognates, which are merely West Teut. Origin obscure.

Grütze, f., ‘groats, grit, brain,’ from MidHG. grütze, ‘water-gruel’; a variant of the equiv. MidHG. griuȥe (griutze?); OHG. gruzzi (whence Ital. gruzzo, ‘pile of collected things’); comp. AS. grŷt and grytt, E. grit and groat (from AS. *grota?), OIc. grautr, Du. grut, gort, ‘groats.’ From OG. the Romance cognates, Fr. gruau, ‘groats,’ are derived. Besides Grieß, MidHG. grûȥ, ‘grain,’ is also allied to Grütze; hence ‘grain’ may be the prim. meaning of the Teut. root grū̆t, with which the primit. cognates Lith. grúdas, ‘grain, kernel,’ and OSlov. gruda, ‘clod,’ are also connected.

gucken, vb., from the equiv. MidHG. gucken, gücken, ‘to peep’; the word is wanting in OHG. and in OTeut. generally. Origin obscure.

Gulden, m., ‘florin,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gulden, guldîn, m., ‘the golden coin,’ from MidHG. guldîn, ‘golden.’ The absence of mutation from u to ü is in accordance with the practice of earlier UpG. (Suab. Gülden).

Gülte, f., ‘payment, interest,’ from MidHG. gülte, f., ‘debt, payment, interest, rent.’ Akin to gelten.

Gundelrebe, f., ‘ground-ivy,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gunderëbe; the deviation in meaning in OHG. gundrëba, ‘maple,’ is remarkable. Allied to OHG. gund (gunt), ‘pus, poison,’ AS. gund, Goth. gunds, ‘pus’?. In that case the word would signify ‘poison-vine’ (see Rebe), Ground-ivy was used as a medicinal herb.

Günsel, m., ‘bugle(-plant),’ simply ModHG., transformed from Lat. consolida, “a name applied by the earlier herb-gatherers to all wound-healing plants.”

Gunst, f., ‘favour, partiality, permission,’ from MidHG. and MidLG. gunst, m., and f., ‘benevolence, permission,’ for *geunst, allied to OHG. gi-unnan (see gönnen); in OHG. unst, f. (MidHG. also gund; comp. OIc. ǫfund, ‘disfavour’), Goth. ansts, ‘fav-

our, mercy,’ AS. êst, OHG. anst, ‘favour, mercy.’

Gurgel, f., ‘gullet, throat,’ from MidHG. gurgel, OHG. gurgula, f.; a remarkably early loan-word (comp. Körper) from Lat. gurgulio, which supplanted a genuine Teut. word primit. allied to it — OHG. quërchala, quërcha, ‘gullet,’ allied to OIc. kverk, ‘gullet.’

Gurke, f., ‘cucumber,’ first occurs in early ModHG.; corresponding to Du. agurkje, E. gherkin, Dan. agurke; borrowed from Pol. ogurek, Bohem. okurka; the latter has been derived from late Gr. ἀγγούριον, ‘water-melon,’ and further from Pers. ankhara. In UpG. (also in the Wetter and Hess. dials.) Kukumer is used instead of Gurke.

gürren, vb., ‘to coo,’ from MidHG. gurren, ‘to bray’; allied to MidHG. gërren. See girren.

Gurt, m., ‘girth, girdle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gurt (in compounds über-, umbe-, under-gurt); allied to gürten from the equiv. MidHG. gürten (gurten), OHG. gurten (gurtjan); comp. OSax. gurdian, Du. gorden, AS. gyrdan, E. to gird; in Goth. gairdan, str. vb. ‘to gird.’ With the root gerd contained in these words are connected OIc. garðr, ‘fence round the farm,’ OSlov. gradŭ, ‘wall, town’ (see Garten, and respecting the evolution of meaning see Zaun). —

Gürtel, m., ‘girdle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. gürtel, m. and f., OHG. gurtil, m., gurtila, f. Comp. E. girdle, from AS. gyrdel.

Guß, m., ‘shower, torrent, spout, cast,’ from MidHG. and OHG. guȥ(ȥȥ), ‘cast, shower.’ Allied to gießen.

gut, adj., ‘good, virtuous, skilful,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. guot; a common Teut. term unknown to the non-Teut. languages; comp. Goth. gôds, OIc. gôðr, AS. gôd, E. good, Du. goed. Its connection with Gr. ἀγαθός is phonetically uncertain. Only in Teut. are found reliable cognates which may elucidate the primary meaning of gut (yet comp. OSlov. godŭ, ‘suitable time’?). The cognates of Gatte, with which E. together, to gather, Goth. gadiliggs, ‘relative,’ also seem to be connected, prove that the prim. meaning of gut is ‘belonging to one another, suitable.’ For the comparison of the adj. see baß, besser.