H.
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Haar (1.), m., ‘flax,’ from the equiv. MidHG. har, OHG. haro (gen. MidHG. and OHG. harwes), m.; Goth. *harwa- (gen. *harwis) is also implied by OIc. hǫrr (dat. hǫrve), m., ‘flax.’ As to its connection with Haar (2.) see the latter. Perhaps the word is most closely related to E. hards (‘refuse of flax, tow’). See Hede. Haar (2.), n., ‘hair,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. hâr, n.; comp. the corresponding OIc. hâr, n., AS. hœ̂r, n., E. hair, Du. haar; a common Teut. word (in Goth., however, tagl and skuft). The following Teut. words are also primit. allied — OIc. haddr and AS. heord, ‘hair’ (Goth. *hazda), as well as Ir. cass, ‘curled hair.’ In the non-Teut. languages comp. OSlov. kosmŭ, m., kosa (Lith. kasa), f., ‘hair,’ and probably also OSlov. čésati, ‘to comb,’ Lat. carere, ‘to card wool.’ The more definite relations in sound existing between these words are difficult to determine (comp. also Gr. κόμη, Lat. coma?). On the other hand, there is no phonetic difficulty in connecting the Teut. *hera-, ‘hair,’ with harwa-, deduced under Haar (1.); the mere possibility is, however, all that can be maintained. Comp. also Locke and kraus. — An old derivative of Haar, AS. hœ̂re, OHG. hârâ, hârrâ, f., ‘hair shirt, coarse garment,’ found its way into Romance (Fr. haire). Habe, f., ‘possession; handle,’ from MidHG. habe, OHG. haba, f., ‘goods, possession’; Du. have, ‘possession’; allied to the following word. haben, vb., ‘to have, possess,’ from the equiv. MidHG. haben, OHG. habên; corresponding to OSax. hebbian, Du. hebben, AS. habban, E. to have, OIc. hafa, Goth. haban; a common Teut. vb. with the stem habai-. Its identity with Lat. habere can scarcely be doubted. It is true that Lat. h initially requires, according to the laws of substitution, a Teut. g, and Teut. h a Lat. c (comp. Gast, Gerste, Geist, and Hals, Haut, and heben). Probably Lat. habê- and Teut. habai- are based upon an Aryan prim. form khabhêj; the correspondence between Teut. h and Lat. h is only possible on the assumption of an Aryan kh. On this supposition haben and heben in their etymology are primit. allied, just as Lat. habere and capere. Haber (UpG.), m., ‘oats, from the equiv. MidHG. haber, habere, m., OHG. |
habaro, m. The form Hafer first occurs in ModHG.; like Roggen, it is derived from LG.; OLG. haƀoro, havoro (now hawer), Du. haver. Also allied to OSwed. hafre, hagre, and farther to Finn. kakra, borrowed from Teut. In E. the word is wanting, but is found a few times in MidE., which, like Northern E. (haver), borrowed it from Scand. The E. term is oats, from AS. âta (yet Scotch haver occurs even in the MidE. period). In investigating the origin of the G. cognates, the g in OSwed. hagre (Finn. kakra) must be taken into account. The usual derivation from OIc. hafr, AS. hœfer, m., ‘he-goat’ (Lat. caper, Gr. κάπρος, comp. Habergeiß), is therefore impossible, especially since this word belongs to the dialects in which Hafer is wanting; Hafer too must have been the favourite food of the goat ere it could be thus named. Perhaps Gr. κάχρυς, ‘parched barley’ (Aryan base khaghru-), or Lat. avena, ‘oats’ (Aryan base khaghwes), are primit. allied.
Habergeiß, f., ‘common snipe,’ not found in the earlier periods; Haber- in this compound is the only remnant of the old name for a goat (AS. hœfer, OIc. hafr; Gr. κάπρος, Lat. caper) in G.; the bird is so called because at the pairing season it utters high in the air a sound like the distant bleating of a goat. See Bock and Haber. Habicht, m. (with a dental suffix as in Hüste and Mond, &c.), ‘hawk,’ from the equiv. MidHG. habich, habech (also hebech, modified), m., OHG. habuh, m.; a common Teut. term by chance not recorded in Goth.; comp. OSax. *haƀoc (in the proper names Haƀuchorst, Haƀocasbrôc), Du. havik, AS. heafoc, E. hawk, OIc. haukr (for *hǫƀukr). The Goth. form would be *habaks, with a suffix aks-, as in ahaks, ‘pigeon’ (comp. also Kranich, Lerche); comp. the consonantal suffix in Gr. ὀρτυγ-, ‘quail.’ Against the derivation from the stem hab, haf, in heben, orig., ‘to take firm hold of, lay hold of’ there is nothing to object from the Teut. point of view; Italic capus, ‘hawk,’ is certainly derived from the root kap (capio). The Kelt. cognates, W. hebauc, OIr. sebocc, ‘falcon,’ are undoubtedly borrowed from Teut. Comp. also Falke. Hach, m., ‘fellow,’ from MidHG. hache, |
