Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/170

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Hinde, with an affixed fem. termination, also Hindin, f., ‘hind, doe,’ from MidHG. and MidLG. hinde, OHG. hinta, f., ‘hind’; comp. AS. hind, f., E. hind, OIc. hind, ‘hind’; the common Teut. fem. of Hirsch; Goth. *hindi (gen. *hindjôs), f., is wanting. It is generally connected with Goth. hinþan, ‘to catch’ (to which E. to hunt is allied). Others relate it to Gr. κεμ-άς, f., ‘young deer, pricket’; in that case the dental is a suffix, as in hun-d (allied to Gr. κυν-; see Hund), and n before a dental may originate in m (comp. Sund, Schande, and hundert).

hindern, vb., ‘to impede, obstruct, prevent,’ from MidHG. hindern, OHG. hintiren and hintarôn, ‘to repulse, hinder’; comp. AS. hinderian, E. to hinder, OIc. hindra; an old derivative from the prepos. hinter; see the latter and fördern.

Hindin, see Hinde.

Hinken, vb., ‘to limp, walk lame, fit badly,’ from the equiv. MidHG. hinken, OHG. hinchan; a word peculiar to HG., if Scand. hokra, ‘to crawl,’ is not connected with it (AS. hęllehinca, ‘devil,’ is found). Root hink, from Aryan kheng (kh as in haben, from the root khabh, in Lat. habere; comp. farther Nagel), based on the Sans. root khañj, ‘to lump’; allied also to the equiv. Gr. σκάζω for s-khṅgjô, with s prefixed.

hinnen, von hinnen, adv., from the equiv. MidHG. hinnen, OHG. hinnan, hinnân, hinnana, adv., ‘away from here, from hence’; used in ModHG. only with the explanatory prepos. AS. heonan, heonon, adv., ‘from here,’ E. hence (with a suffix s, whence ce). Formed from the pronom. stem hi, like dannen, von dannen, from the pron. þa-. See hinten, hinter.

hinten, adv., from the equiv. MidHG. hinden, OHG. hintana, adv., ‘behind’; Goth. hindana, adv. and prep., ‘behind, on the other side’; comp. OSax. bihindan, ‘behind, along behind,’ AS. hindan, adv., ‘behind,’ AS. behindan, E. behind; allied to hinnen and hinter.

hinter, prep., from the equiv. MidHG. hinter, hinder, OHG. hintar, prep., ‘behind’; while OHG. nt is changed regularly into nd in MidHG., it is frequently retained when -er (i.e., vocal r) follows as an independent syllable; comp. Winter, from OHG. wintar, munter, from muntar. In hindern the d has been inserted in the normal way, just as in MidHG., and earlier ModHG. hinder is found as well as hinter. Goth. hindar, prep., AS. hinder,

prop. an acc. neu. of an old compar. in -τερο-ν, Sans. tara-m. (of which AS. and Goth. have preserved a superl. in -tama-s, Goth. *hinduma, whence hindumists, ‘outermost,’ AS. hindema, ‘the last’). Comp. OInd. pratarám (compar. of pra), adv., ‘further, onwards,’ avatarám (allied to prep. ava), adv., ‘further away,’ vitarám (allied to prep. vi), comp. wider. The compar. hinter is used as an adj. in OHG. hintaro, ModHG. hinter, ‘hinder, posterior.’

Hippe (1.), f., ‘sickle,’ a MidG. form introduced by Luther into the ModHG. literary language instead of Heppe, from MidHG. hęppe, hepe (hâppe), f., ‘pruning-hook’.; OHG. hęppa (hâppa), f., whence Fr. happe, ‘axle-tree bed, cramp’ (from the type happia, Fr. hache, ‘hatchet,’ is derived). Numerous South-Western dials. (Suab. also) use hâp (hôp), from MidHG. hâpe, OHG. hâppa (from Goth. *hêb-). Allied to Gr. κώπη, ‘hilt, handle’?, κοπίς, ‘knife, dagger’?.

Hippe (2.), f., Hipplein, n., ‘goat,’ only in ModHG.; the more usual dial. heppe (Bav., Thur., and Hess.) makes it probable that the word is a pet or child's term for OG. *haber, ‘he-goat’; on this point see Habergeiß and Hitte.

Hirn, n., from the equiv. MidHG. hirne, OHG. hirni, n., ‘brain.’ We should have expected Goth. *haírni, n., for which hwairneins, ‘skull,’ occurs once in the gen. sing. OIc. hjarne, m., ‘brain’; also corresponding in sound to the Goth. word hvern, f., ‘the two white boat-shaped bones in the brain of fishes, ooliths’ (LG. has a peculiar word for Gehirn — E. brain, AS. brœgen, Du. brein, MidDu. bregen; see Brägen). The words with initial h and those with hw must be kept distinct. Du. hersen, f., ‘brain’ (E. dial. harns), to which is allied MidHG. hërsenier, ‘covering for the head worn under the helmet,’ proves the origin of OHG. hirni from *hirzni, *hirsní (OIc. hjarne from *hjarsne; comp. Hornisse). This OTeut. herzn-, hersn-, is most nearly related to Sans. çîršn-, ‘head’ (nom. çîrša), and the closely corresponding OIc. as ‘crown (of the head).’ It is also cognate with Gr. κρανίον, ‘skull,’ whence results the further connection with Gr. κάρα, κάρηνον, ‘head,’ Lat. cerebrum (from *ceresrum), ‘brain,’ Sans. çiras, ‘head’; a common Aryan stem, ker, kers, ‘head,’ to which Horn is also allied. Moreover, Gr. κέρνον, ‘a large earthen dish,’ might, according to the analo--