| ing astray’).
Irrsal, n., ‘erring, erroneous opinion, maze,’ from MidHG. irresal, n. and m. (Goth. *airzisl; OHG. -isal is a suffix; see Rätsel). Isop, m., ‘hyssop,’ from the equiv. early |
MidHG. isôpe (îsǒpe, ispe); derived like Ital. isópo from Lat. hysôpum, late Gr. ὕτσωπος, which is of Oriental origin.
Itzig, Jew.-G. from Hebr. Jizchâck, ‘Isaac.’ |
J.
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ja, adv., ‘yes,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. jâ (for jă); corresponding to Goth. ja, ‘yes,’ also jai, ‘truly, forsooth,’ OSax. ja, AS. geâ, also gese (for gê-swâ, ‘yes, thus’), whence E. yea and yes. Allied also to Gr. ἢ, ‘forsooth,’ and OHG. jëhan, ‘to acknowledge, confess’ (see Beichte). Lith. ja is derived from G. jach, gach, ‘precipitate, hasty,’ allied to jähe. Jacht, f., ‘yacht, sloop,’ ModHG. only, formed from the equiv. Du. jagt (comp. E. yacht), which is usually connected with jagen, and even to jähe. Jacke, f., ‘jacket,’ first occurs in early ModHG. (15th cent.), formed from the equiv. Fr. jaque, whence also E. jacket; the derivation of Fr. jaque (Ital. giaco) from Teut. is quite uncertain. Jagd, f., ‘chase, hunt, hunting-party,’ from the equiv. MidHG. jaget, n. (and f.), OHG. *jagot, n.; a verbal abstract of jagen, ‘to hunt, chase’ (from the equiv. MidHG. jagen, OHG. jagôn, wk. vb.), which does not occur in Goth., OIc., AS., or OSax. The connection of this specifically G. word with Gr. διώκω is dubious, and so too its kinship with Gr. ἀξηχής, ‘unceasing,’ and Sans. yahú, ‘restless.’ — Jäger, ‘huntsman, sportsman,’ is the equiv. MidHG. jęger, jęgere, OHG. *jageri (jagâri). jäh, gähe, adj., ‘steep, precipitous, hasty,’ from MidHG. gœhe (also gâch), OHG. gâhi, adj., ‘quick, suddenly, impetuous’; a specifically G. word (with a dial. initial j for g as in jappen; comp. also jähnen with gähnen). From this Fr. gai, ‘gay,’ is borrowed. Its connection. with gehen, gegangen (see Gang), is impossible. Gaudieb is, on the other hand, allied to it. Jahn, m., ‘swath,’ first found in early ModHG., yet undoubtedly a genuine G. word, existing throughout South Germany (MidHG. *jân), and also appearing in Swed. dials. as ån. In Swiss dials. Jahn means ‘passage (formed by a swath)' Hence |
the word is a derivative of the Aryan root yê, or rather ĭ, ‘to go,’ with which Goth. iddja, ‘went’ (Sans. yâ, ‘to go’), is connected. See gehen and eilen.
Jahr, n., ‘year,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. jâr, n.; a common Teut. term; comp. Goth. jêr, OIc. ár, AS. geâr, E. year, Du. jaar, OSax. jâr (gêr), n., ‘year.’ The orig. meaning of the word, which also appears in heuer, seems to be ‘spring,’ as is indicated by the Slav. cognate jarŭ, ‘spring’; comp. also Gr. ὥρα, ‘season, spring, year,’ and ὥρος, ‘year,’ so too Zend yâre, ‘year’; in Ind. a similar term is wanting (comp. Sommer and Winter). For the change of meaning see the history of the word Winter. Jammer, m., ‘sorrow, grief, wailing,’ from the equiv. MidHG. jâmer, OHG. jâmar, m. and n.; prop. a neut. adj. used as a subst., OHG. jâmar, ‘mournful’ (hence Jammer, ‘that which is mournful’); in OSax. and AS. the adj. only exists, comp. OSax. jâmar, AS. geômor, ‘paiuful, mournful.’ The origin of this word, which is unknown to East Teut. (Goth. *jêmrs), is obscure. Jänner, m., ‘January,’ from the equiv. early MidHG. jęnner, m.; from the Lat. januarius, Rom. jenuario (OHG. *jęnneri, m., is wanting, perhaps only by chance). jappen, vb., ‘to gape, pant,’ ModHG. only, prop. LG.; comp. Du. gapen, ‘to gape,’ under gaffen. jäten, see gäten. Jauche, f., ‘filthy liquid, first occurs in early ModHG., introduced into HG. from a MidG. and LG. variant, jûche. It is based on a Slav. word for ‘broth, soup,’ which deteriorated in sense when borrowed; e.g. Pol. jucha, ‘broth’ (cognate with Lat. jûs, Sans. yûšan, ‘broth’). Jauchert, Juchert, m., from the equiv. MidHG. jûchert, late OHG. juhhart (û?), n., ‘acre’; the Bav. and Alem. word for the Franc. and MidG. Morgen. The usual derivation from Lat. jûgerum, ‘acre of land’ |
