Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/299

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OHG. rapfen, ‘to harden (of wounds), form a scab,’ and in râffi. From HG. the equiv. Fr. râpes, pl., is formed.

Rappe (3.), f., ‘rasp,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Fr. râpe, which again corresponds to OHG. raspôn, ‘to sweep off,’ MidHG. raspeln. See raffen, Rapp, and Raspe.

rappeln, vb., ‘to rattle,’ ModHG. only, from LG.; the correct MidHG. form is raffeln, ‘to bluster, clatter’; allied to E. to rap, MidE. rappien. — In the sense of ‘to be crack-brained, rave,’ rappeln may be derived from the meaning ‘to bustle’; it is usually connected, however, with MidHG. (MidG.) rëben, ‘to dream, be confused,’ which is derived from Fr. rêver, whence also E. to rave.

Rappen, m., ‘centime,’ from MidHG. rappe, m., ‘the name of a coin first made in Freiburg in Baden, and stamped with the head of a raven, the Freiburg coat of arms.’ See berappen and Rappe (1).

Rappier, m. and n., first occurs in early ModHG., from Fr. rapier, whence also the The Fr. equiv. E. rapier and Du. rapier. The Fr. word is generally regarded as Teut. and derived from râpe. See Rappe (3).

Rappuse, f., ‘common prey, scramble,’ from late MidHG. rabusch, m., ‘tally,’ which is again derived from the equiv. Bohem. rabuše.

Raps, m., ‘rape-seed,’ ModHG. only, from Lat. rapicium. See Rübe.

rapsen, vb., ‘to sweep off,’ intensive of raffen. LG. rapen.

Rapunzel, m., ‘rampion, corn-salad,’ ModHG. only, not from Lat. rapunculus, but rather an extended form from MidLat. rapunciun (Fr. raiponce, comp. Du. rapunsje), whence also Ital. ramponzolo; comp. further E. rampion. Allied to Lat. rapa (see Rübe).

rar, adj., ModHG. only, from Fr. rare (Lat. rarus), whence also Du. raar, E. rare.

Rasch, m., ‘arras, serge,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Du. ras (E. arras). In late MidHG. arraȥ, arras, ‘light woollen fabric, serge,’ which was named from Arras, a town in the north of France.

rasch, adj., ‘impetuous, speedy, swift, rash,’ from MidHG. rasch, OHG. rasc, adj., ‘quick, prompt, skilful, powerful,’ of which the equiv. variants MidHG. and OHG. rosch, and MidHG. resch, risch, occur. Corresponding to E. rash, Du. rasch; OIc. rǫskr (Goth. *rasqs), ‘brave.’ The final dental

of the root has disappeared before the suffix sqa, ska (*rasqa- for *rat-sqa); comp. OHG. rado, AS. rœde, ‘quick.’ Comp. also OIc. horskr, AS. horsc, ‘quick, clever,’ with AS. hrœdlîc, ‘quick.’ The Teut. root raþ, Aryan rot (roth), in OHG. rado, ‘quick,’ may have meant ‘to hasten’; it appears also in ModHG. Rad.

rascheln, vb., ‘to rustle, rattle,’ ModHG. only, probably a derivative of rasch, like OHG. rascezzen, ‘to sob, emit sparks,’ because of the successive short and lively movements. Comp. AS. rœscetung, ‘sparkling.’

Rasen, m., from the equiv. late MidHG. rase, m., ‘turf, sward’; comp. MidLG. wrase, LG. frasen. The word is wanting in the other dials. (Goth. *wrasa may perhaps be assumed); in UpG. Wasen, which is primit. cognate with the primary form wrasa.

rasen, vb., ‘to rave, rage,’ from MidHG. rasen (rare), ‘to storm, rave’; corresponding to LG. rasen, Du. razen. It is usually thought that the word was borrowed from LG., since it is not found in HG. till the end of the 13th cent. Allied to AS. râsettan, ‘to rave,’ rœ̂san, ‘to make a violent attack,’ rœs, ‘attack, charge’ (comp. E. race), OIc. rás, ‘race, running,’ and rasa, ‘to rush headlong.’

Raspe, f., ‘rasp,’ ModHG. only, from Fr. raspe (now râpe), hence prop. identical with Rappe (3).

Raspel, f., ‘large rough file, rasp,’ ModHG. only, a derivative of the preceding; comp. E. rasp, rasper. As to the ultimate connection of the cognates with OHG. raspôn, ‘to scrape together,’ comp. Rappe (3).

Rasse, f., ‘race, breed,’ borrowed in the 18th cent. from Fr. race, which is recorded as early as the 16th cent., at which period the E. word race was also borrowed; the Fr. term and its Rom. cognates (Ital. razza is met with even in the 14th cent.) are derived from OHG. reitza, reiȥȥa, f., ‘line.’

rasseln, vb., ‘to rattle, clatter,’ from MidHG. raȥȥeln (from raȥȥen), ‘to bluster, rave,’ but based in meaning on LG. rateln, ‘to clatter’; comp. MidHG. ratzen, ‘to rattle,’ Du. rateln, ‘to clatter, chatter,’ ratel, ‘rattle, clapper,’ AS. hrœtele, E. rattle. The Teut. root hrat appearing in these words is connected with Gr. κραδαίνω, ‘I swing.’

Rast, f., ‘rest, repose,’ from MidHG. rast, raste, f., OHG. rasta, f., ‘repose, rest, permanence,’ also in OHG. and MidHG.