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rauh; Rauchwerk, ‘furs, skins’ (MidHG. rûchwërc) contains ModHG. rauh, ‘hairy, covered with hair’; Rauchhandel (ModHG. only), ‘trade in furs, furred skins.’

Räude, f., from the equiv. MidHG. riude, rûde, f., OHG. rûda, f., ‘scab, mange, scabies,’ for an earlier *hrûda, since it is allied to OIc. hruðr, m., ‘scab of a wound’; comp. Du. ruit, ‘scab, itch.’ —

räudig, ‘scabby, mangy,’ from MidHG. riudec, OHG. riudig, older rûdîg, ‘scabiosus.’ Perhaps OHG. rû-da (from the Teut. root hrû) is connected with Lat. cruor, ‘gore,’ crû-dus, ‘bloody, raw,’ to which AS. hrûm, ‘soot,’ is probably akin.

raufen, vb., ‘to pluck, pull out,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. roufen (MidHG. also röufen); corresponding to Goth. raupjan, ‘to tear out, pluck off.’ A Teut. root raup (see rupfen) has not yet been found elsewhere; it is, however, probably connected with the Aryan root rup, ‘to break’ (see Raub). —

Raufe, f., ‘rack’ (for fodder), from late MidHG. roufe, f.; derived from raufen, just as MidLG. roepe from roepen; but in what way is it connected with Du. ruif, ‘rack,’ ruiffel, ‘wrinkle’?

Raugraf, m., ‘Raugrave,’ from MidHG. rû-grâve, m. a title like MidHG. wilt-grâve; prop. perhaps ‘Count in a rough or uncultivated country’; from rauh.

rauh, adj., ‘rough, harsh, coarse,’ from MidHG. rûch (infl. rûher), OHG. rûh (infl. rûhêr), adj., ‘rongh, shaggy, bristly’; comp. MidDu. ruch, ModDu. ruig, ruw, ‘rough,’ AS. rûh, E. rough. Goth. *rûhs, rûhws, are wanting. Perhaps primit. allied to Lith. raúkas, ‘wrinkle,’ rùkti, ‘to become wrinkled.’ The compound Rauchwerk, ‘furs, skins,’ preserves normally the uninflected form of MidHG. rûch. See rauch.

Rauke, f., ‘rocket,’ ModHG. only, from Lat. erûca, ‘a sort of colewort,’ whence also Ital. ruca, ruchetta, Fr. roquette (E. rocket).

Raum, m., from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. rûm (MidHG. rûn), m., ‘room, space’; corresponding to OSax., m., rûm, m., Du. reim, AS. rûm, m., E. room, Goth. rûm, n., OIc. rûm, n., ‘room, open space, bed, seat.’ The common Teut. subst. originated in the adj. rûma-, ‘spacious’; comp. Goth. rûms, MidHG. rûm and gerûm, ModHG. geraum, Du. ruim, AS. rûm, ‘spacious.’ The root is usually considered to be rû, and the class connected with Lat. rû-s

(gen. rû-ris), ‘country,’ and Zend ravaṅh, ‘space, distance.’

raumen, see anberaumen.

raunen, vb., from the equiv. MidHG. rûnen, OHG. rûnên, ‘to whisper, to utter in a low, soft tone,’ allied to MidHG. rûne, f., ‘whisper, secret conference.’ Corresponding to OLG. rûnôn, AS. rûnian, E. to roun (round), also AS. rûn, f., ‘secret deliberation, secret,’ Goth. rûna, f. (see Alraune), ‘secret, secret resolution’; OIc. rún, f., ‘secret, rune.’ It has also been compared further with the cognates, Gr. ἐρευνάω, ‘to search, track,’ as well as with Ir. rún, ‘secret.’

ModHG. Rune, f. (AS. rûnstafas, ‘secret characters, runes’), was introduced from the Scand. dials. by the literary movement for the promotion of Teut. studies in the last cent.

Raupe (1.), f., ‘caterpillar,’ from MidHG. rûpe, rûppe, OHG. rûpa, rûppa, f., ‘larvæ of insects, caterpillar.’ In Suab. and Bav. (partly also in Swiss) the word is wanting, the term used being Graswurm, in OHG. grasawurm (yet in Suab. ruopen, ‘to clear the trees of caterpillars,’ with an abnormal ů for û); in Swiss roup, which probably originated in the written language (in Henneberg abnormally roppe).

Raupe (2.) in Aalraupe is an entirely different word; see the latter.

Rausch (1.), m., ‘cranberry,’ from MidHG. rûsch, rusch, f., ‘rush,’ from Lat. ruscum, whence also Du. rusch, m., ‘rush,’ AS. rŷsče, f., E. rush; see Risch and Rusch.

Rausch (2.), m., ‘carouse, rush, roar,’ ModHG. only (corresponding in MidHG. to rûsch, m., ‘onset, attack’; see rauschen); its relation to LG. roes, ‘intoxication,’ E. rouse, OIc. rúss, ‘drunkenness,’ is still obscure. The ModHG. word has certainly been borrowed.

rauschen, vb., ‘to rustle, roar, be excited,’ from MidHG. rûschen (riuschen), ‘rustle, roar, swell, hurry along’; corresponding to Du. ruischen, ‘to rustle,’ E. to rush (MidE. ruschen).

Rauschgelb, n., ‘red sulphuret of arsenic,’ first occurs in early ModHG., corresponding to Du. rusgeel; earlier ModHG. also Ruß-, Roßgelb; allied to Rom. and Lat. russus (Ital. rosso), ‘red.’

räuspern, vb., ‘to hawk, clear the throat,’ from the equiv. MidHG. riuspern (riustern). This verb, which is not recorded prior to MidHG., belongs to a root frequently occurring in Teut., rū̆k (Aryan