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the fact that Bav. pfinz-tac, ‘Thursday,’ is borrowed from Gr. πέμπτη (see Pfinztag). Although Gr. *σαμβατον, a parallel form of σάββατον, has not yet been discovered, we may infer its existence from Pers. šamba almost with certainty; the corresponding Arab., Ethiop., and Abyss. words have also a medial mb. It is manifest that an Oriental term, sambato, of the 5th cent. was introduced into UpG. and Slav. through Gr. (along with Arianism, see Kirche and Pfaffe); yet it is strange that Ulfilas uses sabbatô dags without any nasal (comp. Goth. aíkklêsjô with West-Teut. kirika, from κυριακόν).

Samt, m., ‘velvet,’ from the equiv. MidHG. samît, samâdt, m.; borrowed in the MidHG. period from Rom.; comp. MidLat. samîtum, Ital. sciamito, OFr. samit. The ultimate source is MidLat. examîtum, ModGr. ἐξάμιτον, ‘a stuff made of six twisted threads’ (Gr. μὲτος, ‘thread’), whence also OSlov. aksamitŭ, ‘velvet.’ Span. and Port. terciopelo, ‘velvet,’ lit. ‘consisting of triple threads,’ is similarly formed.

samt, prep. adv., ‘together with,’ from MidHG. samt, earlier sament, OHG. samant, adv. ‘together,’ also a prep. with dat. ‘together with.’ See zusammen and sammeln.

Sand, m., ‘sand,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sant (gen. sandes), OHG. sant (gen. -tes), m.; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. sand, m. and n., Du. zand, AS. sǫnd, n., E. sand, OIc. sandr, m. (Goth. *sanda-, m. and n., is by chance not recorded). They represent pre-Teut. samdho-, samadho- (in Teut. m before d is changed into n; see Rand, Hundert, and Schande); comp. Gr. ἄμαθος, ‘sand.’ The equiv. Bav. and Tyrol. samp (MidHG. sampt), from OHG. *samat, corresponds exactly to the Gr. word; comp. further E. dial. samel, ‘sandy soil,’ with Lat. sabulum, from *samulum?.

Sandel, m., ‘sandal-wood,’ ModHG. only, from Ital. sandalo (Fr. sandal), ‘an Indian dyeing wood’; “from Gr. σάνταλον, which comes from Arab. zandal, but orig. derived from Sans. candana. The tree grows in the East Indies, whence the wood was brought to the West as an article of commerce.”

sanft, adj., ‘soft, gentle,’ from MidHG. sęnfte, adj., sanfte, adv., OHG. sęmfti, adj., samfto, adv., ‘softly’; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. sâfti, adj., safto, adv. (comp. sacht), AS. sêfte, adj., sôfte, adv.,

‘softly’ (E. soft); wanting in East Teut. Do the cognates belong to Goth. samjan, ‘to please’? (comp. Ranft, from the root ram). Deriv. Sänfte.

Sang, m., ‘song,’ from MidHG. sanc (gen. -ges), OHG. sang, m., ‘singing, song’; see singen,

sapperlot, see sackerlot.

Sardelle, f., ‘sardine,’ first occurs in ModHG., from Ital. sardella (MidLat. sarda, prop. ‘the Sardinian’), a variant of sardina.

Sarder, m., ‘sardel, sardine,’ from late MidHG. sarde, MidHG. usually sardîn, m., ‘a precious stone’; from MidLat. sarda (Gr. σάρδιον).

Sarg, m., ‘coffin,’ from MidHG. sarc (gen. sarkes) and sarch (gen. sarches), m., ‘coffin, vault, grave,’ also generally ‘shrine, receptacle,’ OHG. saruh, sarch, m., ‘sarcophagus, coffin’; comp. Du. zerk, ‘gravestone.’ Rom. has a corresponding class in ModFr. cercueil, ‘coffin,’ and its earlier cognates. The ordinary derivation from σαρκοφάγος, ‘sarcophagus,’ was repudiated as early as Lessing, because Sarg in MidHG. ‘signified in countless passages a receptacle generally, a water vessel, a trough, a shrine for idols or saints’; perhaps the Gr. term has helped to determine the ModHG. meaning and the spelling of the word with g. As yet nothing definite has been discovered concerning this probably Teut. word. It may be connected with OIc. serkr, ‘shirt,’ since the Aryan root serg in Lith. sérgėti (OSlov. strěgą, strěšti), ‘to watch over, guard,’ has a general signification (Sarg, ‘receptacle’).

satt, adj., ‘sated, satiated,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. sat (gen. sates), adj.; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. sad, AS. sœd, ‘sated’ (E. sad), OIc. saðr (saddr), Goth. saþs, ‘sated.’ A Teut. partic., in -da- (see laut and falt) connected with an Aryan root sā̆, ‘to satiate,’ from whose long vowel form Goth. sô-þjan, ‘to satisfy,’ and sô-þs, ‘repletion,’ are constructed. Comp. Lat. sat, satis, satur; Lith. sōtas, m., ‘repletion,’ sōtus, ‘satiating, easily satiated’; Gr. ἄμεναι (ā), ‘to satiate,’ ἄ-ατος, ‘insatiable,’ and ἄ-δην, ‘sufficiently’; OIr. sathach, ‘sated,’ súsaim, ‘to sate, satiate,’ sáith, ‘repletion’ (OSlov. sytŭ, ‘sated,’ is, on account of its vowel, not allied). The meaning of E. sad is curiously developed from the idea expressed by satt.

Satte, Sette, f., ‘bowl, porringer,