Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/320

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ment, border’; corresponding to Du. zoom, AS. seám, m., E. seam, OFris. sâm, OIc. saumr, m., ‘border, seam’ (Goth. *sauma- is by chance not recorded). A graded form of the Aryan root sû-, a variant of the root sī̆w, ‘to sew,’ discussed under Säule (2). Comp. Sans. sûtra, ‘thread.’

Saum (2.), ‘load,’ from MidHG. and OHG. soum, m., ‘load of a beast of burden’ (also as a measure of weight), ‘beast of burden’; corresponding to AS. seám, ‘horse-load,’ E. seam. Borrowed prior to the OHG. period, probably even before the AS. migration, from Low Lat. sauma (σάγμα), ‘pack-saddle,’ whence also Ital. salma, Fr. somme. —

Säumer, ‘beast of burden, driver of sumpter-beasts,’ from MidHG. soumœre, OHG. soumâri, ‘beast of burden,’ AS. seámere; formed from MidLat. sagmarius. —

Saumsattel, ‘pack-saddle,’ MidHG. soumsatel, AS. seámsadol.

säumen, vb., ‘to linger,’ from MidHG. sûmen, ‘to stay, defer, loiter, linger’; OHG. only virsûmen (MidHG. versûmen), ‘to let slip,’ and ar-sûmen, ‘to omit.’ The history of the word is very obscure, because it is peculiar to G., and appears only in a compound form in OHG. The great antiquity of the compound is attested by MidHG. frá-sûme, m., ‘delay,’ which points to Goth. *frá-sûma, m.; we should have expected MidHG. versûme. Probably the meaning, which properly belongs only to the compound, has been transferred to the simple form. —

Saumsal, ‘procrastinating disposition,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sûmesal, sûmesele, with the suffix -sal: hence ModHG. saumselig, MidHG. (MidG.) sûmeselic.

Saurach, m., ‘barberry, pepperidge bush,’ from the equiv. MidHG. sûrach, m. A derivative of sauer, MidHG. sûr.

Saus, m., ‘buzz, bluster,’ from MidHG. sûs, m., ‘drinking, blustering, revelling and rioting’; even in MidHG. occurs in dem sûse lëben, ‘to revel and riot,’ lit. ‘noisy doings’; comp. OIc. sús, ‘roar of the surf.’ —

sausen, ‘to rage, bluster, buzz,’ from MidHG. sûsen (siusen), OHG. sûsôn, ‘to bluster, hum, hiss, creak, gnash’; derived from an OAryan root sûs (OSlov. sysati, ‘to whistle, bluster,’ Sans. root çuš, ‘to snort’). —

säuseln, vb., ‘to rustle, murmur,’ dimin. of MidHG. siusen, ‘to bluster.’

Schabe (1.), ‘mill-moth, cockroach,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schabe, f.; OHG. *scaba, f., is by chance not recorded in this sense; comp. AS. mœelsčęafa, ‘caterpillar.’

Derived, like the following word, from schaben.

Schabe (2.), f., ‘scraper, spokeshave,’ from MidHG. schabe, OHG. scaba, f., ‘spokeshave, plane.’ Comp. Du. schaaf, ‘plane,’ AS. sčęafa, E. shave (knife for shaving, hoop-axe), OIc. skafa, f., ‘spokeshave.’

schaben, vb., ‘to shave, scrape, scratch,’ from MidHG. schaben, OHG. scaban, ‘to scratch, erase, scrape,’ corresponding to Goth. skaban, ‘to shear’; OIc. skafa, ‘to scratch, shave,’ AS. sčęafan, E. to shave, Du. schaven, ‘to shave, smooth.’ Teut. root skab, from the pre-Teut. root skā̆p; comp. Gr. σκάπ-τω, ‘to dig,’ σκαπάνη, ‘spade,’ Lith. skópti, ‘to hollow out,’ skáptas, ‘woodcarver's knife’; allied also probably to Lat. scabo, ‘to scratch, shave,’ OSlov. skoblĭ, ‘spokeshave,’ Lith. skabùs, ‘sharp’ (Aryan root skā̆b). See the preceding words as well as Schuppe and Schaft.

Schabernack, m., ‘hoax, practical joke,’ from MidHG. schabernac, schavernac, m., ‘hoax, mockery, scorn,’ also chiefly ‘shaggy (lit. neck-rubbing?) fur cap,’ and ‘a kind of strong wine.’ Allied to OHG. ir-scabarôn, ‘to scratch out, scrape together.’ It is uncertain whether the second part of the compound is connected with ModHG. Nacken or with the verb necken. The MidHG. word with its numerous senses may have also meant orig. ‘prankish hobgoblin.’ Comp. den Schelm im Nacken haben, ‘to be a sly dog’?.

schäbig, adj., ‘shabby, sordid, scabby,’ from an earlier ModHG. Schabe, ‘scab, itch’; comp. MidHG. sohębic, ‘scabby.’ Allied, like AS. sčęabb, E. shab (shabby perhaps influenced the ModHG. meaning of schäbig), to schaben.

Schach, n., ‘chess,’ from MidHG. schâch, m. and n., ‘king (at chess), chessboard, checkmating move’; the chessboard was usually termed schâch-zabel in MidHG., zabel (even in OHG. zabal, ‘chess or draught board’), being changed by permutation from Lat. tabula. MidHG. schâch was obtained through a Rom. medium from Pers. schâh, ‘king’; it is strange, therefore, that the HG. word ends in ch in contrast to the Rom. cc; comp. Ital. scacco, Fr. échec. This must be ascribed to a fresh influence of the orig. word.

Schächer m., ‘robber,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schâchœre, OHG. scâhhâri, m., connected with MidHG. schâch, OHG. scâh, m., ‘robbery, rapine'; comp. Du. schaak,