Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/351

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(pret. swam). Akin also to Goth. swamms, ‘sponge,’ swumfsl, m., ‘pond.’ The Teut. root swëm, sū̆m, appears also in Sund; comp. also OIc. svamla, MidHG. swamen, ‘to swim.’ In the non-Teut. languages the root swem, sū̆mm, ‘to swim,’ has not yet been found.

schwind, see geschwind.

schwindeln, vb., ‘to be dizzy or giddy,’ from the equiv. MidHG. swindeln, OHG. swintilôn, allied to MidHG. swindel, ‘giddiness, vertigo,’ equiv. to OHG. swintilôd and swintilunga. Further akin to schwinden, ‘to dwindle away,’ hence MidHG. also ‘to faint, become unconscious.’

schwinden, vb., ‘to vanish, dwindle away, decay, perish,’ from MidHG. swinden, OHG. swintan, ‘to vanish, pass away, grow lean, become unconscious, faint’; corresponding to AS. swindan (wanting in E.), ‘to vanish’; probably allied to a root swī̆ (like Goth. standan to the root stā̆?). The root swī̆ appears in OHG. swinan, MidHG. swînen, ‘to decrease, disappear, grow lean, become unconscious,’ OIc. svína, ‘to subside,’ svía, ‘to abate,’ OIc. svíme, AS. svîma, Du. zwijm, ‘giddiness, vertigo.’ In the non-Teut. languages the root swī̆, ‘to decrease,’ has not yet been authenticated; the comparison with Gr. σί-νομας, ‘I plunder, damage,’ is dubious. —

Schwindsucht, f., ‘consumption,’ swintsuht, swînsuht (allied to swînen), also swindelunge.

schwingen, vb., ‘to swing, brandish, wave,’ from MidHG. swingen, swinken, OHG. swingan (swinchan?), ‘to swing, throw, hurl, strike, scourge, vault, fly, soar’; corresponding to OSax. swingan, ‘to vault,’ AS. swingan, ‘to scourge, fly, flutter,’ E. to swing; from Goth. *swiggwan was formed swaggwjan, ‘to swing about.’ Under schwank and schwenken, an Aryan root swenk, sweng, was adduced; AS. swincan, E. to swink, is a variant of AS. swingen, E. to swing; comp. Du. zwenken, ‘to swing.’

Schwire, f., ‘stake’; see Humpen.

schwirren, vb., ‘to whiz, wir, chirp,’ ModHG. only, allied, like Schwarm, to a root swer, ‘to rustle, drink (like beasts).’

schwitzen, vb., ‘to sweat, perspire,’ from the equiv. MidHG. switzen, OHG. swizzen; Goth. *switjan is wanting. The Teut. root swī̆t, Aryan swī̆d, is primit. Aryan, as was observed under Schweiß (a common Aryan root for ‘to freeze’ is wanting; comp. Winter, Schnee, frieren, and

Sommer); comp. Sans. svidyâ-mi, from the root svid, ‘to perspire,’ Gr. ίδίω, ‘I perspire,’ ἱδρώς, ‘perspiration,’ for σϝϊδ-, and further Lat. sûdare, ‘to perspire’ (for *swoidare), Lett. swidrs, ‘perspiration.’

schwören, vb., ‘to swear,’ from the equiv. MidHG. swęrn, swęrjen, OHG. swęren; swęrien; a specifically Teut. word (like Eid); comp. Goth. swaran, OIc. sverja, AS. swęrian, E. to swear, Du. zweren, OSax. swęrian, ‘to swear.’ The Teut. root swar contained in these words had, however, a wider sense orig. than the one given, for traces in particular dials. lead us to infer that ‘to answer’ was the meaning of the root; comp. OIc. svǫr, n. plur., ‘answer,’ svara, vb., ‘to answer,’ in the legal sense also ‘to give security,’ andsvar, n., ‘legal decision,’ AS. andswaru, f., ‘answer,’ E. to answer (see Antwort), OSax. andswor, ‘vindication.’ The prim. idea of the Teut. root swar is therefore, perhaps, ‘to be responsible’; it has been compared to Lat. respondeo from spondeo.

schwül, ‘sultry,’ ModHG. only, from LG. swûl; comp. Du. zwoel, ‘sultry,’ AS. swôl (Goth. *swôls, is wanting); allied, like schwelen, to OHG. swilzzôn, ‘to burn slowly,’ AS. for-swœ̂lan, ‘to burn,’ OIc. svœ́la, ‘thick, choking smoke.’ The root swē̆l, swō̆l, appears also in Lith. svìlti, ‘to smoulder,’ svilus, ‘glimmering,’ svilmis, ‘burnt smell,’ and in Lett. swelt, ‘to singe.’ Deriv. Schwulität, ‘sultriness,’ with a Lat. ending like Lappalien and Schmieralien.

Schwulst, f., ‘swelling, bombast,’ from MidHG. swulst. geswulst, OHG. giswulst, f., ‘swelling’; allied to schwellen.

Schwung, m., ‘swing, vibration, soaring, flight,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. swunc (g), m.; allied to schwingen.

Schwur, m., ‘swearing, oath, curse,’ ModHG. only, in MidHG. found only in the compound meinswuor, ‘perjury,’ in OHG. only in eidswuor, ‘oath’; allied to schwören.

Sebenbaum, m., ‘savin (species of juniper),’ from the equiv. MidHG. sęvenboum, OHG. sęvina, sęvinboum, formed from Lat. sabîna (arbor Sabina, lit. ‘Sabine tree’); corresponding to AS. safine, E. savin.

Sech, n., ‘coulter,’ from MidHG. sëch, OHG. sëh (hh), n., ‘mattock, ploughshare’ (Goth. *sika- is wanting); allied, like Sichel and Senfe, to a Teut. root seh, seg, sek, from Aryan sek, seg.