Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/363

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AS. spearwa, E. sparrow (in Du. mosch, musch; for the LG. term see Lüning). Of this stem sparw-, which is based on the root spor, ‘to sprawl’ (see Sporn), Spatz seems to be a pet form; note also Franc. Sperk, ‘sparrow’ (in Suab. and Bav. the usual term is Spatz). Comp. Sperber.

sperren, vb., ‘to bar, obstruct, fasten,’ from MidHG. and OHG. spęrren (pret. sparte, OHG. sparta), wk. vb., lit. ‘to provide with spars.’ Deriv. of Sparren.

speutzen, vb., ‘to spit,’ from late MidHG. spiutzen, an intensive of speien, to which ModHG. spützen, equiv. to E. to spit, and AS. spyttan, is also allied.

Spezerei, f., ‘spice, groceries,’ from late MidHG. specerîe, f., which is formed from Ital. spezieria.

spicken, vb., ‘to lard; provide richly,’ a ModHG. derivative of Speck.

Spiegel, m., ‘mirror, looking-glass, reflector,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spiegel, OHG. spiagal, m. (comp. Du. spiegel). The OHG. term is derived, with a change of gender, from MidLat. spêgulum (equiv. to Lat. spĕculum), to which Ital. speglio (also specchio), ‘mirror,’ points. The word must have been borrowed, on account of the change of vowels, prior to the OHG. period. OTeut. has a peculiar word for ‘mirror’; comp. OHG. scûchar, lit. ‘shadow container,’ from OHG. scûwo, AS. sčûa, ‘shadow,’ in Goth. skuggwa, ‘mirror.’

Spiel, n., ‘play, game, sport,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. spil (gen. spiles), n., ‘jest, pastime, pleasure’; allied to spielen, ‘to play, sport, gamble,’ MidHG. spiln, OHG. spilôn, wk. vb., ‘to amuse oneself’; comp. Du. spelen, AS. spilian, OIc. spila, ‘to play.’ There are no undoubted cognates in the non-Teut. languages.

Spieß (1.), m., ‘spear, lance, pike,’ from MidHG. spieȥ, OHG. spioȥ, m., ‘warrior's or hunter's spear’; corresponding to the equiv. Goth *spiuta- (whence OFr. espiet, ‘spear’), OIc. spjót, n. (in AS. spreót, see Spriet). Cognate terms in the non-Teut. languages are wanting. — ModHG. Spießgeselle, ‘accomplice,’ lit. ‘comrade in arms.’

Spieß (2.), m., ‘spit’ (cooking), from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. spiȥ (gen. spiȥȥes), m.; corresponding to Du. spit, AS. spitu, E. spit. These cognates, whence the equiv. Rom. term, Ital. spito, are connected with the adj. spitz, of which AS. spitu is a subst. form. Spieß (Fr. épois) is also used in the sense of ‘dags or croches

of a stag,’ a meaning not found in the earlier periods; yet ModHG. Spießer (OHG. spiȥȥo, spizzo, ‘hinnulus’), ‘young stag,’ and the borrowed Fr. term épois, ‘trochings of a stag,’ implies the existence of such a meaning. See spitz.

Spille, f., see Spindel.

Spilling, m., ‘large yellow plum,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spillinc, spinlinc (g), m. Probably connected, like OHG. spënala, MidHG. spënel, ‘pin,’ with a primit. Teut. spī̆na-, ‘thorn,’ which is cognate with Lat. spîna, ‘thorn’ (comp. Ital. spillo, ‘pin’).

Spindel, f., ‘spindle, distaff, pivot, peg,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spinnel, OHG. spinnala, f.; the ModHG. variant Spille, MidHG. spille, is based upon MidHG. spinle. —

ModHG. Spinne, f., ‘spider,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spinne, OHG. spinna, f., lit. ‘spinner.’ —

spinnen, vb., ‘to spin,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spinnen, OHG. spinnan, str. vb.; common to Teut. in the same sense. Comp. Goth. spinnan, OIc. spinna, AS. spinnan, E. to spin, Du. spinnen. While the cognates of ModHG. weben are common to Teut., those of spinnen have only Lith. pìnti, ‘to plait’ (pántis, ‘cord’), and OSlov. pęti, ‘to stretch,’ connected with them; comp. the pre-Teut. roots pen and spen, which occur also in Fahne. It is also frequently assumed that spinnen and spannen are allied. —

ModHG. Spinnewebe, f., ‘cobweb,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spinnewëp, -weppe, OHG. spinnûn węppí, m.

Spion, m., ‘spy,’ from Fr. espion; see spähen.

Spital, Spittel, n., ‘hospital,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spitâl and spítel, n.; which is derived from Lat. hospitâle.

spitz, adj., ‘pointed, acute, sharp,’ from the equiv. MidHG. spitz, spitze, OHG. spizzi; Goth. *spitj- (nom. *spitus) is wanting; comp. Spieß (2). No corresponding term is found in the non-Teut. languages. —

Spitz, m., ‘Pomeranian dog,’ ModHG. only; an adj. used as a subst.

spleißen, vb., ‘to split, cleave,’ from the equiv. MidHG. splîȥen; corresponding to E. to split and the equiv. Du. splijten; an OTeut. root vb. which does not occur elsewhere. To this is allied ModHG. Splitter, m., ‘splinter,’ from MidHG. splitter, m. and f. (Goth. *splitra-; an old tr in HG. is not permutated; comp. bitter, treu, and zittern), but in MidHG. a term spelter, ‘splinter,’ connected with spalten, is mostly