Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/367

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ModHG. only, prop. a LG. word; comp. Du. staak, AS. staca, E. stake, and the equiv. OSw. staki. From these cognates, which, like Stachel, are connected with stechen, the equiv. Rom. class of Ital. stacca is derived.

Stall, m., ‘stall, stable, sty,’ from MidHG. stal (ll), m. and n., ‘standing or dwelling place, spot, stable,’ OHG. stal (ll), m., ‘stable, spot’; prop. identical with Stelle. The two senses of the OHG. word are ramifications of a prim. meaning, ‘standing-place.’ Corresponding to Du. stal, ‘stable, stall,’ AS. steall, ‘stable, standing-place,’ E. stall. The cognates (whence also stellen) are connected with the Aryan root stal, appearing in Stuhl. From Teut. stallo- are derived the Rom. cognates, Ital. stallo, ‘spot,’ Fr. étal, ‘butcher's bench,’ étau, ‘butcher's stall,’ Ital. stalla, ‘stable,’ Ital. stallone, Fr. étalon, and the equiv. E. stallion.

Stamm, m., ‘stem, trunk, stock, tribe,’ from MidHG. and OHG. stam (mm), m., ‘trunk, pedigree, race, reason, cause’; corresponding to Du. stam, AS. stemn (stœfn), E. stem (see Steven), OIc. stafn. The implied Teut. stamno- (hardly for stabno-, allied to Stab), a derivative of the Aryan root stā̆, ‘to stand,’ is equiv. to Ir. tamon (for *stamon-), ‘pedigree,’ and Gr. στάμνος, ‘wine jar,’ the meaning of which recalls ModHG. Ständer.

stammeln, vb., ‘to stammer, stutter,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stammeln, stamelen, OHG. stammalôn, stamalôn. A derivative of OHG. stammal, stamal, ‘stammering,’ on whose earlier variant stammêr, stam-êr (nom. sing. masc.), is based OHG. stammên, stamên, ‘to stammer.’ Comp. the Goth. adj. stamms, OIc. stamr, ‘stammering,’ and also stumm. The prop. LG. stammern agrees with Du. stameren, E. to stammer (comp. AS. stamor, ‘stammering’). For the root stam, ‘to check’ (stammeln, ‘to falter frequently’), see ungestüm and stemmen.

stammen, vb., ‘to originate (from), descend, proceed,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stammen; allied to Stamm.

stampfen, vb., ‘to stamp, pound,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stampfen, OHG. stampfôn; a derivative of ModHG. Stampf, MidHG. and OHG. stampf, ‘punch’; comp. Du. stampen, E. to stamp, OIc. stappa (for *stampa), ‘to stamp, push.’ From these cognates Ital. stampare, Fr. étamper, ‘to impress,’ Ital. stampa, ‘stamp, impression,’

and Fr. estampe, are borrowed. Akin to Stempel and stumpf. The Teut. root stamp (stump), ‘to push,’ contained in these words, seems to be connected with Gr. στέμβω, ‘I tread’ (and Sans. stamba, ‘post’?). Comp. Stapfe and Stempel.

Stand, m., ‘state, position, rank, stand,’ from MidHG. stant (d), m., ‘state, condition’; from the root stand (see stehen).

Standarte, f., ‘standard, banner,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stanthart (standert), m. Borrowed in the 13th cent. from OFr. estendard (Fr. étendard), ‘flag,’ or preferably from the equiv. Ital. stendardo, which. is based on Lat. extendere. From the same source E. standard is derived.

Ständer, m., ‘high desk, pole, water-cask,’ ModHG. only; a LG. word; corresponding to Du. stander, ‘pillar’; allied to Stand.

ständig, adj., ‘standing, stationary, constant,’ ModHG. only (MidHG. and OHG. stęndic in compounds like inständig); allied to Stand, ‘continuance.’ Comp. bestęndec, ‘continuous,’ an adj. occurring even in MidHG.

Stange, f., ‘pole, stake, curb-bit,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stange, OHG. stanga, f.; corresponding to Du. and E. stang, OIc. stǫng, f., ‘pole.’ From the Teut. cognates is derived the Rom. class of Ital. stanga, ‘pole.’ Teut. stangô is usually connected with the Teut. root sting (see stechen), preserved in E. to sting. For a similar development of meaning see Staken. Deriv. Stengel.

Stapel, m., ‘support, stocks (for ships),’ ModHG. only, a LG. word, corresponding to HG. Staffel. Comp. Du. stapel, ‘heap, staple-town,’ E. staple (hence Fr. étape, ‘depot, emporium’). “The development of meaning in the cognates ranges through the meanings ‘support (AS. stapol), foundation (OHG. staffol), frame, heap, piled up goods.’” See the following word.

Stapfe, m., ‘footprint, footstep,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stapfe, OHG. stapfo (staffo), m.; allied to MidHG. and OHG. stępfen, also MidHG. stapfen, OHG. stapfôn, ‘to tread,’ which corresponds to the AS. str. vb. stœppan. Comp. Du. stap, ‘step,’ stappen, ‘to step,’ and the E. word step. The Teut. verbal root stap, ‘to tread, step, go,’ to which Staffel and Stufe are allied, appears in a nasalised form in the cognate stampfen. From Teut. is borrowed Ital. staffa, ‘stirrup,’ whence staffetta, ‘courier,’