Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/368

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is derived. Since the Aryan root stab may have had a variant slap, it is possible that OSlav. stopa, ‘track,’ is primit. allied to Stapfe.

Star, m., ‘starling,’ from the equiv. MidHG. star, m., OHG. stara, f.; corresponding to AS. stœr, stearn, E. stare, OIc. stare, starre, ‘starling’; primit. allied to Lat. sturnus. E. starling indicates the derivation of ModHG. Sperling (OHG. sparo). —

Star, m., ‘cataract’ (of the eye), has been deduced in ModHG. from MidHG. starblint (d) OHG. starablint (comp. Du. staarblind), adj., ‘blind from a cataract,’ which has no connection with the name of the bird, since it more probably belongs to the same root as ModHG. starren (OHG. starên), ‘to look fixedly, stare.’ In AS., besides stœrblind, a curious form, pûrblind occurs, the first component of which is AS. pûr, ‘bittern’; comp. Gr. γλαύκωμα, from γλαύξ, ‘owl.’ Hence the instinctive connection between the name of the bird and the disease is quite comprehensible.

stark, adj., ‘strong,’ from MidHG. starc (and starch), OHG. starc (and starah), adj., ‘strong, vigorous, big’; corresponding to OSax. stark, Du. sterk, AS. stearc, E. stark, OIc. sterkr. To the same Teut. root stark belong by a different gradation Goth. gastaúrknan, ‘to become parched, wither away,’ OIc. storkna, ‘to curdle,’ OHG. storchanên, ‘to become fixed, hard’; hence perhaps ‘fixed’ is the primit. meaning of the root. Lith. strėgti, ‘to stiffen, become numb,’ and ModPers. suturg (base *stṛga), ‘strong,’ are primit. allied. Deriv. ModHG. Stärke, f., ‘starch’ (note the E. word).

Stärke, f., ‘heifer,’ ModHG. only, properly a LG. word. Scarcely allied to ModHG. Stier; connected rather, like MidHG. stër, OHG. stëro, ‘ram,’ with Goth. staira, which is primit. allied to Gr. στεῖρος, στέριφος, ‘sterile,’ Lat. sterilis, Sans. starî, ‘sterile.’ Connected with the following word.

starr, adj., ‘fixed, staring,’ ModHG. only; probably a LG. word. Comp. the rare MidHG. starren, ‘to become fixed,’ allied to the Teut. root ster, star, with which the cognates of Star and Stärke are connected. With these comp. Sans. sthira, ‘firm, strong,’ Gr. στερεός, ‘hard.’ —

ModHG. starren, vb., ‘to look fixedly, stare,’ from the equiv. MidHG. starn, OHG. starên, which is more closely connected with Star than with starr.

Statt, f., ‘place, stead,’ from MidHG. and OHG. stat, f., ‘place, spot’; from the plur. (OHG. stęti, MidHG. stęte) is derived ModHG. Stätte, f., ‘place, site.’ Corresponding to Du. stede, steê, ‘spot, place, small town.’ The ModHG. prep. statt (comp. kraft) is properly an oblique case of the subst.; in MidHG. (very rarely) an... stęte, ‘in place of,’ &c. ModHG. zu statten (as in the phrase zu statten kommen, ‘to serve one's turn, be useful’) is not connected with this word Statt, but is based on MidHG. stat, OHG. stata, f., ‘convenient spot or period, occasion, help’; hence even in MidHG. ze staten, OHG. zi statu, ‘at a suitable time, for assistance.’ With this is associated ModHG. gestatten, MidHG. gestaten, OHG. gistatôn, ‘to permit,’ lit. ‘to furnish a good opportunity.’ OHG. stata is, like stat (gen. stęti), a verbal abstract of stehen. — ModHG. stattfinden, ‘to take place,’ from MidHG. state finden, ‘to find a good opportunity.’ —

stattlich, adj., ‘stately, magnificent, considerable,’ a ModHG. derivative of MidHG. stat, ‘good opportunity.’

Staub, n., ‘dust, spray,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. stoup (gen. stoubes), m.; also, by a different formation, ModHG. Gestüpp, MidHG. stüppe, OHG. stuppi, ‘dust,’ which, like Goth. stubjus, is connected with stieben, ‘to fly as dust, scatter.’

Stauche, f., ‘veil, sleeve, muff, mitten,’ from MidHG. stûche, OHG. stûhha, f., ‘the broad pendant sleeve on a woman's dress, kerchief, veil, cloth, apron’; corresponding to AS. stocu, ‘long sleeve, OIc. stúka. The Rom. cognate, Fr. étui (Ital. astuccio), ‘case,’ has been derived rom a Teut. *stûkjo. Teut. stū̆kô (stū̆kjo) is usually connected with a pre-Teut. root stū̆g; OLG. stûkan, Du. stuiken, ‘to pile up, push,’ and Lith. stùgti, ‘to look aloft.’

Staude, f., ‘shrub, bush,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stûde, OHG. stûda, f., a specifically HG. word, wanting in the other Teut. dialects. Its genuine Teut. origin is, however, undoubted. It seems, like stehen, to belong to a primitively cognate Aryan root stū̆, which appears in Gr. στῦλος, ‘pillar,’ and στῦω, ‘to look fixedly,’ and so in stützen.

stauen, vb., ‘to dam in, stow away, pack,’ from MidHG. and OHG. stouwen, ‘to put a stop to, arrest, restrain’ (properly identical with MidHG. and OHG. stouwen, ‘to abuse, rate, accuse’?). Allied to ModHG. staunen, ‘to be amazed’ (orig. a Swiss