Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/377

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lowing word (*strumpo- for *strunqo-?). The ModHG. sense results from the originally current compound Hosenstrumpf (hence lit. ‘the end of the hose, short hose’).

Strunk, m., ‘trunk, stem, stump,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. strunc, m., which, like the preceding word and Strauch, points to a Teut. root strū̆k. It corresponds to Du. strouk.

struppig, adj., ‘rough, bristly, scrubby,’ see sträubeln. Gestrüpp, ‘brambles, bushes,’ is a collective term formed from it in ModHG.

Stube, f., ‘room, chamber,’ from MidHG. stube, OHG. stuba, f., ‘room with means for heating, sitting-room, bathroom’; common to OTeut.; comp. Du. stoof, ‘foot-stove, drying-room,’ AS. stofa, E. stove, OIc. stofa, ‘room, bathroom with a stove.’ Although the Romance origin of the cognates is impossible (Ital. stufa, Fr. étuve, ‘sweating-room, stove,’ are certainly borrowed from Teut.), this does not prove that the words are genuinely Teut. The word stuba was adopted in Finn. as tupa, in Lith. as stubà; comp. OSlov. istŭba, izba, Hung. szoba, Turk. soba, ‘room.’ The primary meaning of the Teut. word is ‘heated room,’ as may be inferred from Du. stoven, ‘to stew, warm up’ (whence Ital. stufare, Fr. etuver, ‘to foment’).

Stüber, m., Nasenstüber, m., ‘fillip,’ ModHG. only, allied to LG. stubben, ‘to push.’ In the sense of ‘stiver’ (a coin), the word, which first occurs in ModHG., is obscure; it is, however, met with as Du. stuiver and Swed. styfver.

Stück, n., ‘piece, article,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stücke, OHG. stucchi, n.; a common Teut. word; comp. OSax. stukki, Du. stuk, AS. styčče, OIc. stykke, n., ‘piece.’ Allied to Stock, and, like the latter word, probably means lit. ‘that which is cut off or hewn to pieces.’ The secondary meaning ‘bark’ of OHG. stucchi is indicated by Ital. stucco, ‘gypsum, stucco,’ whence again ModHG. Stuck, ‘stucco,’ m., Stuckatur, f., ‘stucco-work.’

Stufe, f., ‘step, degree, grade,’ from the equiv. MidHG. stuofe, OHG. stuofa, f., both of which are rare (comp. Du. stoep, ‘threshold’). A graded form from the root stap, ‘to go’ (AS. stôpol, ‘footprint’), which appears in ModHG. Staffel and E. to step. Comp. also Tritt in the sense of Stufe.

stufen, stofen, vb., ‘to cook slowly,’ ModHG. only, from LG. Comp. Du. stoven under Stube.

Stuhl, m., ‘chair, seat,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. stuol, m.; corresponding to OSax. stôl, Du. stoel, AS. stôl, E. stool, OIc. stóll. A common Teut. noun, derived from the Aryan root stā̆, ‘to stand’ (see stehen), or from the Aryan root stal, ‘to put, place’ (see stellen), hence Stuhl, lit. ‘stand, frame’?. It corresponds in the non-Teut. languages to Lith. pastólas, ‘stand, frame,’ OSlov. stolŭ, ‘seat, throne,’ Gr. στήλη, ‘pillar.’

Stulpe, f., ‘pot-lid, coat-cuff,’ ModHG. only, from LG. Comp. Du. stulp, ‘lid of a stewpot,’ and stulpen, ‘to cover with a lid,’ whence ModHG. stülpen, ‘to put on a lid’ (stelpen, ‘to check,’ to which OIc. stólpe, ‘post,’ is allied). Early history obscure.

stumm, adj., ‘dumb, silent,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. (and OSax.) stum (mm); corresponding to Du. stom, ‘dumb.’ Its connection with the cognates of stammeln (root stam) is undoubted. MidHG. stęmmen, OHG. stęmmen (from stamjan), ‘to stop, check’ (comp. stemmen and ungestüm), shows that stammeln and stumm sein mean lit. ‘to falter (in speaking).’

Stummel, m., ‘stump,’ from MidHG. stummel, stumbel, OHG. stumbal, m., ‘piece cut off, stump’; properly an adj. used as a subst., from OHG. stumbal, MidHG. stumbel, ‘mutilated.’ This word is based (like the equiv. OHG. and MidHG. stumpf, adj. and subst.; see Stumpf) on a pre-Teut. root sthmb, ‘to mutilate,’ which appears in Lith. stìmbras, ‘stump,’ stàmbras, stembrýs, and stèmbras, ‘stem, stalk,’ stàmbas, ‘trunk, stump,’ stambùs, ‘coarse.’ — To this verstümmeln, vb., ‘to mutilate,’ from the equiv. MidHG. verstümbelen, OHG. stumbilôn, is allied.

Stump, m., ‘stump,’ a LG. form for HG. Stumpf, MidHG. and OHG. stumpf. Corresponding to Du. stomp, E. stump (also OIc. stúfr, ‘stump’?). (ModHG. Stümper, ‘bungler, blunderer,’ lit. ‘mutilated person,’ is also properly LG.; comp. Du. stomper). - The adj. stumpf, ‘lopped, docked, blunt,’ comes from the equiv. OHG. and MidHG. stumpf; Du. stomp, ‘blunt.’ Its connection with Stummel is certain; besides the Teut. root stumb (Aryan stemp), in ModHG. Stummel, we have to assume an equiv. root stump (Aryan stemb), which appears in Lith. stambras, ‘stump.’ —

Stümper, m., ‘bungler, blunderer,’ early ModHG. only, is a derivative of the LG. form Stump.